共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区生物修复的研究与展望 总被引:23,自引:4,他引:23
当前 ,中国的多数海水养殖区富营养化相当严重。富营养化可引发赤潮和养殖动物病害 ,给养殖业带来巨大损失。海带、龙须菜、条斑紫菜等大型海藻 ,生产力很高 ,在生长过程中可大量吸收 C,N,P等生源要素 ,在水生态系统碳循环和减缓富营养化方面有很重要的作用。此外 ,海藻产品可食用、作为饲料、工业原料和有机肥料 ,是具有较高价值的商品。大规模栽培大型海藻是减轻养殖区富营养化的有效途径之一。 相似文献
2.
3.
随着海水养殖的快速发展,养殖水体的自身污染和富营养化已成为严重的环境问题。作为生物滤器的大型海藻可以有效地吸收、利用养殖环境中多余的氮、磷等营养物质,从而减轻养殖废水对环境的影响,并提高养殖系统的经济输出,被广泛应用于鱼、虾和贝类等的综合养殖系统中,对富营养化海水养殖区进行生物修复。文章概述了大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区进行生物修复的原因、原理、优点、研究进展以及应用大型海藻产生的效益和需要注意的问题。并指出在富营养化海水养殖区养殖大型海藻进行生物修复的方法可以实现海水养殖业的可持续发展。 相似文献
4.
目的:观察三五散对低位肛周脓肿术后创面愈合及瘢痕修复的临床疗效。方法:将60例低位肛周脓肿患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组各30例,2组均予以低位肛周脓肿一次性根治术。术后第2天起,创口常规换药后创口表面治疗组予三五散均匀涂布,对照组予云南白药均匀涂布。比较2组创面腐肉脱落及创面愈合时间,创面分泌物、创面肉芽生长、瘢痕修复程度评分,以及创面面积缩小率。结果:2组患者创面均能完全愈合,但创面腐肉脱落及创面愈合时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);创面分泌物评分术后第7、14天比较,及肉芽生长评分术后第14、21天比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);瘢痕修复程度评分术后第14、21天比较,及创面面积缩小率术后第7、14、21天比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:三五散具有加快肛周脓肿术后创面修复,缩小、软化瘢痕,减少患者疼痛,提高术后患者生活质量的作用。 相似文献
5.
6.
两种大型海藻粉对重金属离子吸附热力学的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文探讨了两种常见大型海藻,即马尾藻(Sargassum fusiforme)和海带(Laminaria japonica)对重金属离子(Cu^2 、Pb^2 、Cd^2 、Ni^2 )的吸附热力学过程.结果表明,这两种海藻粉对重金属离子的吸附曲线基本符合Langmuir吸附模型,其吸附容量受温度的影响,马尾藻和海带粉对Cu^2 的吸附均为吸热过程;25℃和35℃两组实验结果显示,其吸附容量随温度的升高而增加,吸附热分别为59.9、76.8kJ/mol. 相似文献
7.
本实验是利用以牡蛎壳为主要材料的 3种不同用量的盐碱土壤修复材料 ,处理含盐量为 2的低度盐碱土壤 ,对作物油菜的形态及其生理生化指标进行对比测量 ,用以观察此修复材料对盐碱土壤的修复作用。实验表明 ,此修复材料对种植 4 0 d后的油菜的出苗率无显著影响 ,而对叶长、叶宽等形态有明显影响。改良后的盐碱土上生长的油菜的叶绿素含量及叶绿素 a与叶绿素 b的比值均上升 ;叶片类囊体膜 H+ - ATPase活性上升 ,证明此盐碱土壤修复材料对盐碱土壤具一定的修复作用 ,且其修复作用与修复材料的添加用量有关。 相似文献
8.
目的:观察在婴幼儿单纯低位肛瘘术后恢复中应用复方芩柏颗粒冲洗的临床疗效。方法:选取93 例单纯低位肛瘘患儿随机分为治疗组、对照1组、对照2组,每组各31 例。3组患者均采用传统术式即“肛瘘切除+挂线术”进行治疗。术后治疗组予复方芩柏颗粒冲洗,对照1组予高锰酸钾溶液冲洗,对照2组不冲洗。其后3组患者均放置湿润烧膏引流纱条,无菌纱布包扎。观察3组术后第3、5天排便时疼痛程度,伤口红肿消退、住院及伤口痊愈的时间。结果:治疗组第3、5天排便时疼痛程度均轻于对照1、2组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组伤口红肿消退、住院及伤口痊愈的时间均短于对照1、2组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:复方芩柏颗粒剂用于单纯低位肛瘘患儿术后冲洗,能有效促进创面恢复,缓解术后疼痛,促进伤口红肿消退,缩短住院及伤口痊愈时间,可资临床借鉴。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
目的:研究苦参汤对皮肤溃疡大鼠伤口愈合的影响。方法:通过皮下注射75%冰醋酸诱导大鼠皮肤溃疡模型,将模型大鼠分为5组,G1采用蒸馏水干预,G2~5分别采用苦参汤低、中、高剂量及0.02%高锰酸钾溶液(PP)进行局部治疗,连续7d。治疗后对各组溃疡面积、溃疡评分和组织学评估,通过免疫组织化学分析检测前炎性细胞因子前列腺素E2(PGE-2)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的表达。结果:苦参汤对皮肤溃疡大鼠创口愈合有促进作用,中剂量和高剂量苦参汤治疗的大鼠溃疡愈合更佳(P<0.05),低剂量苦参汤治疗的肉眼可见溃疡评分显著降低(P<0.01),PP组在降低溃疡面积和肉眼可见的溃疡评分方面,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);所有剂量的苦参汤和PP均改善了大鼠诱导的皮肤溃疡的组织学损伤;高剂量苦参汤和PP使大鼠皮肤溃疡组织中的PGE-2和IL-8表达显著降低(P<0.01);各组大鼠均未发现与治疗有关的毒性。结论:苦参汤可促进皮肤溃疡大鼠的伤口愈合,其对PGE-2和IL-8的抑制是增强伤口愈合的可能作用机制。 相似文献
12.
In the present research, effect of silica fume as an additive and oil polluted sands as aggregates on compressive strength of concrete were investigated experimentally. The amount of oil in the designed mixtures was assumed to be constant and equal to 2% of the sand weight. Silica fume accounting for 10%, 15% and 20% of the weight is added to the designed mixture. After preparation and curing, concrete specimens were placed into the three different conditions: fresh, brackish and saltwater environments (submerged in fresh water, alternation of exposed in air & submerged in sea water and submerged in sea water). The result of compressive strength tests shows that the compressive strength of the specimens consisting of silica fume increases significantly in comparison with the control specimens in all three environments. The compressive strength of the concrete with 15% silica fume content was about 30% to 50% higher than that of control specimens in all tested environments under the condition of using polluted aggregates in the designed mixture. 相似文献
13.
目的:研究不同剂量益母缩宫颗粒对药物不全流产大鼠子宫内膜修复的影响。方法:选择雌性大鼠60只,雄性大鼠25只,随机挑选10只未合笼雌性大鼠为空白组,剩余大鼠按雌雄2∶1合笼,合笼成功后,予以米非司酮(8.3 mg/kg)+米索前列醇(100 μg/kg)制备药物不全流产大鼠模型。将造模成功后的雌性大鼠随机分为模型组,益母缩宫颗粒低、中、高剂量组,缩宫素组,予以相应的实验药物与对照药物进行干预。采用ELISA法检测血清纤维连接蛋白(FN)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(ColIV)的水平,采用免疫组化法检测子宫组织中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(TIMP-1)的平均光密度(OD)值。结果:益母缩宫颗粒中、高剂量组及缩宫素组血清中FN、LN、ColIV水平及子宫组织中MMP-9、TIMP-1的OD值与模型组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:益母缩宫颗粒能通过干预子宫内膜细胞外基质的降解与修复,减少子宫异常出血。 相似文献
14.
对两种原油进行混合配比实验,将混合后油样置于人工气候箱进行风化模拟实验,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测风化样品中的生物标志化合物,短期风化作用对混合溢油的油指纹、生物标志化合物诊断指标等的影响。结果表明,混合溢油的正构烷烃总质量变化与单一原油油品的变化规律相近,即前期风化较快,质量减损较多,而后期风化趋缓,不同混合比例的溢油表现差异不明显。常用于短期风化的诊断比值对各混合油样的风化具有指示意义,但难以定性鉴别油品是否发生混合。重复性限法检验只能判定短期风化过程前后的油样为同一油源,而难以反映油样是否为混合油源的特征,各诊断比值的RSD%值较大可能是混合溢油的一个表现。 相似文献
15.
为了寻找安全有效的海洋生物保水剂,本研究以海洋生物多糖/寡糖为研究对象,经多糖筛选和单因素实验确定壳聚糖1号、壳聚糖2号和海藻酸钠的最佳添加量,采用响应面优化实验确定最优复配值为:壳聚糖1号0.29%,壳聚糖2号1.11%,海藻酸钠0.93%,在此条件下测得的鱼丸解冻失水率为1.46%±0.24%,结果表明该多糖复配组合对鱼丸制品具有较好的保水作用。通过扫描电镜观察多糖组鱼丸的微观结构,发现其结构致密,无较大孔隙。通过本实验的开展,能够为水产品的保水保鲜剂的开发提供新思路。 相似文献
16.
The effects of exposure to UV-B radiation,280-315 nm,and dark or dark repair conditions on the early development of Chondrus ocellatus Holm collected from Qingdao coast were studied under the laboratory condition.After being exposed to different doses [0,36,72,108,144 and 180 J/(m 2 · d)] of UV-B radiation,one treatment of tetraspores were put back to normal culture condition (PAR),the other treatment were put into dark condition to repair for 2 h.During the cultivation,the diameter of the tetraspores were recorded every 4 d till the 50th day when vertical branches formed in all treatments.Then at the 50th day,CPDs,phycoerythrin,chlorophyll a and MAAs (Palythine and asterina-330) were measured.The results showed that low doses UV-B radiation could significantly accelerate the growth rate of the tetraspores of C.ocellatus and the growth rate reduced gradually with UV-B radiation keep on increasing.The variation trend of both the phycoerythrin and chlorophyll a concentration reduced significantly ( P < 0.05) once given the UV-B radiation. Under UV-B stress,the CPDs were induced,and the concentrations of CPDs were significant low in dark repair groups.The data of MAAs analyzed by LC/MS in the tetraspores of C. ocellatus suggested that there were two MAAs formed (palythine and asterina-330) after UV-B radiation induced, and low dose of UV-B irradiation could significantly induced the concentration of MAAs.From the growth and development state of the tetraspores,negative effects of UV-B radiation on the dark repair groups were more serious than PAR. 相似文献
17.
目的:探讨心痛泰对急性心肌缺血大鼠新生微血管密度及血管内皮活性物质的影响。方法:将SD大鼠随机分成假手术组,模型组,心痛泰低、中、高剂量组,麝香保心丸组。除假手术组外,其余组大鼠均予以结扎冠状动脉左前降支制备成急性心肌缺血损伤模型,成模后分别给予蒸馏水,心痛泰低、中、高剂量药液及麝香保心丸进行灌胃治疗2周。HE染色光镜观察心肌形态结构改变;ELISA试剂盒检测血清中一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、内皮素1(ET-1)含量;免疫组化法测定新生微血管密度。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组血清中NO、NOS表达减少(P<0.01),ET-1表达增加(P<0.01),缺血心肌微血管密度表达增加(P<0.05);与模型组相比,各用药组均可升高血清中NO、NOS含量(P<0.01),降低ET-1含量(P<0.01),促进缺血区微血管密度的表达(P<0.05)。结论:心痛泰具有保护缺血心肌之效,这可能与其提高血清中NO、NOS含量、减少ET-1的含量、促进缺血区新生血管生成相关。 相似文献
18.
密封压力是带压堵漏维修管卡的关键性能。介绍了323.9 mm(API 12英寸)维修管卡样机的总体结构及密封原理,选用接触压力准则作为管卡的密封评价准则,利用ANSYS Workbench软件建立了管卡密封结构的二维轴对称有限元模型,分析了密封结构闭环中薄弱部分在不同密封圈压缩量下的接触压力,然后试验测试了管卡样机密封圈压缩量和密封压力,并与有限元计算接触压力进行了对比。分析结果表明管卡密封结构最薄弱部分的接触压力随着周向密封圈压缩量的增大而增大,且主要是中间接触部分起到密封作用。通过试验验证了理论分析的管卡密封结构最薄弱位置,并发现相同密封圈压缩量下试验测试的密封压力与计算的接触压力近似,两者的变化趋势基本一致。有关分析思路和试验方法可以为管卡密封结构的设计提供重要参考。 相似文献
19.
Effect of two different habitats on spine and gonad colour in the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus 下载免费PDF全文
This study investigates the effect of different Mediterranean habitats on spine and gonad colouring and gonadal index in the purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Specimens were collected in winter 2012 in Posidonia oceanica meadows and rocky bottom areas at two sites in Southern Sardinia (Italy, Tyrrhenian Sea). Colorimetric analyses of spines and gonads were conducted with a digital colorimeter using CIELAB colour spaces, which defines the colour in terms of three coordinate values: lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*). Lightness and redness of the spines differed significantly between habitats, whereas colour spaces of the gonads did not. A careful analysis of the gonad index showed it to be significantly affected by habitat, registering higher values in rocky bottom locations. In conclusion, it seems that habitat does affect spine colour but not gonad colour. Spine colour seems to be site‐dependent, whereas the gonad index depends solely on the habitat. 相似文献
20.
M Nguvava B Kuyper E Bucciarelli H Waldron C Palmer 《African Journal of Marine Science》2016,38(4):581-588
Bromoform released from phytoplankton and kelp in the ocean is the largest known carrier of bromine to the atmosphere. The photoproducts of atmospheric bromoform catalyse ozone depletion. Laboratory investigations were conducted into the link between nutrient limitation and bromoform production using axenic cultures of two warm-water diatoms (Chaetoceros neogracile and Phaeodactylum tricornutum). During exponential growth the bromoform production was 2 000–3 000 nmol bromoform (g Chl a)?1 h?1, i.e. 10–100 times higher than earlier values for temperate and cold-water diatoms. Bromoform production decreased down to zero under CO2 and nitrate limitation for both species. These results suggest that the bromoform production could be directly related to bromoperoxidase activity (and irradiance) only during exponential growth, whereas compounds other than bromoform might be formed under nutrient limitation. 相似文献