基于GNSS的青藏高原东北缘地壳运动场及强震趋势研究

利用“中国大陆构造环境监测网络”GNSS数据研究1998—2018年青藏高原东北缘排除同震影响等干扰后的速度场、主应变率场、最大剪切应变率场、面应变场等的变化,活动断裂滑动速率变化、跨活动断裂基线变化等。将研究区域内的二级块体再分区,获得各次级块体内部的应变率变化;获取研究区域地壳运动场的趋势性、动态特征。研究结果显示,阿尔金断裂带中东段、祁连块体和柴达木块体交界、巴颜喀拉块体与羌塘块体交界、祁连块体南边界中段、海原—六盘山断裂带和西秦岭北缘断裂带西段的逆冲运动,祁连块体北边界西段、庄浪河断裂的左旋走滑运动,祁连块体北边界东段、西秦岭北缘断裂带东段的左旋逆走滑运动,都属于造成一定程度地壳变形的持续性局部应变增强活动。阿尔金断裂带东段、东昆仑断裂带中西段、祁连块体北边界、庄浪河断裂北段、海原断裂南段、六盘山断裂北段、西秦岭北缘断裂带东段可能存在闭锁,未来十年可能发生M_S6.0以上地震。     

中国川西地区鲜水河断裂和则木河断裂几何学、运动学特征及地震活动性对比研究

鲜水河断裂与则木河断裂在几何学特征、运动学特征和地震活动性方面既有明显的相似之处，又有着重要的差别。由于这两条断裂带都位于川滇菱形块体的北东边界，同属川西巨型左旋走滑断裂带的组成部分，因此在断裂的几何格局、活动方式和地震活动等方面有许多相似之处。然而，在菱形块体自北西向南东方向运动的过程中，由于其东部受到四川地块的阻挡使得块体边界的位移呈现由北西向南东递减的趋势，进而造成了两条断裂带在地震活动性方面的差异。根据详细的野外调查和已有成果，我们认为，断层的活动方式、滑动速率以及变形和变位的调整方式等运动学特征决定了两条断裂带在地震活动性方面的特征，而这些又与断裂带的几何学特征及与周围断裂的组合方式密切相关。通过对两条断裂带的对比研究，可以使我们对每条断裂有更好的理解和深入的认识。     

郯庐断裂南段走滑和伸展断裂的深部结构及位置关系

郯庐断裂带是亚洲东部著名的断裂活动带,经过多年的研究,取得了一系列重要成果,但涉及断裂带内部精细结构、走滑与伸展断裂体系的研究成果较少.本文以其中的嘉山-庐江段为对象,依据高精度大地电磁（EMAP）和人工地震剖面及航磁异常资料,剖析了断裂带内部精细结构,明确了伸展和走滑断裂体系组成和平面位置,认为该段由多条主干断裂组成,具有断裂属性横向分区的特征：以池河-太湖断裂为界,东侧主要发育池河-太湖(隐伏)、嘉山-庐江和古河-散兵等断裂,组成正花状构造样式,主要呈现压剪性走滑活动特征;西侧主要发育五河-合肥、石门山和池河-太湖（浅部）等断裂,呈现半地堑结构,其中2条断裂往南伸入合肥盆地而消失,只有池河-太湖断裂继续南延为合肥盆地的东部边界,主要呈现伸展活动特征.本文提出的断裂带横向分区等认识,既融合了前人有关“裂谷论”和“平移论” 的重要成果,又弥合了二者的认识分歧,为今后精细研究郯庐断裂带提供了一条新思路.     

深地震反射剖面揭示的海原断裂带深部几何形态与地壳形变

由于活动的青藏高原不断的隆升和推挤作用,在西南向东北的推挤作用和周缘块体的阻挡以及东北缘内部块体挤压形变的作用下,形成了多个走向不同的青藏高原东北缘构造体系.新生代构造变形和地震活动强烈,区内分布多条大型深断裂带.海原断裂是青藏高原东北缘发育的弧形活动断裂带中规模最大、活动最为强烈的一条左旋走滑型断裂带,是重要的大地构造区边界,也是控制现今强震活动的活断层.本文利用2009年完成的高分辨率深地震反射剖面的北段资料,对其进行初步构造解释,揭示出海原断裂带的深部几何形态和其两侧地壳上地幔细结构.结果显示海原断裂并不是简单的陡立或者较缓,其几何形态随着深度变化.在海原断裂之下的Moho并未错断的反射特征显示海原断裂并不是直接错断莫霍面的超壳断裂.海原断裂带及两侧岩石圈结构和构造样式的研究为探讨青藏高原东北缘岩石圈变形机制提供地震学依据.     

福建闽江断裂带第四纪活动特征

本文通过地貌、第四纪地层、钻探、槽探和浅层地震勘探等资料分析,研究了闽江断裂带第四纪活动特征,并探讨了活动断裂与地震的关系。结果表明:(1)闽侯-南屿断裂展布于旗山东侧山前,与五虎山北麓断裂共同组成北西向的闽江断裂带,控制了福州盆地的西侧和南侧边界;(2)闽江断裂带的活动时代从山地向平原方向逐渐变新,山地基岩内的断裂为中更新世断裂,山前断裂多为晚更新世断裂,呈正断性质,上盘沉积速率为0.78mm/a—1.2mm/a;(3)闽江断裂带及其与北东向断裂交汇部位附近小震活动相对密集。     

中国川西地区鲜水河断裂和则木河断裂几何学,运动学特征及地震活动性对比

鲜水河断裂与则木河断裂在几何学特征、运动学特征和地震活动方面既有明显的相似之处，又有着重要的差别，由于这两条断裂带都位于川滇菱形块体的北东边界，同属川西巨型左旋走滑断裂带的组成部分，因此在断裂的几何格局、活动方式和地震活动等方面有许多相似之处，然而，在菱形块体自北西向南东方向运动的过程中，由于其东部受到四川地块的阻挡使得块体边界的位移呈现由北西向南东递减的趋势，进而造成了两条断裂带在地震活动性方面     

地震折射和反射方法研究郯庐断裂带宿迁段的浅部构造特征

郯庐断裂带是中国东部最大的一个活动构造带,其内部结构非常复杂,不同区段表现出不同特征的构造样式.本文采用浅层地震反射波成像技术对郯庐断裂带宿迁段的近地表结构进行了高分辨率成像,利用该区已有的深地震反射剖面数据,采用初至波层析成像方法获得了郯庐断裂带的浅层P波速度结构.结果表明,郯庐断裂带宿迁段是一个由多条断裂以及凹陷和隆起构成的复杂构造带,且新生代地层厚度和地震波速分布明显受到断裂的影响与控制.郯庐断裂带的东、西两侧为基底隆起区,近地表速度结构呈现为明显的高速特征,新生代地层厚度小于200m.郯庐断裂带总体显示为低速凹陷结构,新生代地层厚度在300～600m之间变化,最厚处位于宿迁市的陵城镇附近.郯庐断裂带宿迁段主要由5条断裂构成,从这些断裂的上断点埋深和第四纪活动特征来看,郯庐断裂带的东边界断裂F_1和西边界断裂F_4的活动性相对较弱,为第四纪早期活动断裂.断裂F_2和F_3控制了郯庐断裂带内部的新生代凹陷,两者的活动时代分别为中更新世和晚更新世.安丘—莒县断裂F_5位于断裂F_1和F_2之间,由2条相向而倾的分支断层F_5和F_(5-1)构成,其活动时代分别为全新世和晚更新世.研究结果为进一步认识郯庐断裂带宿迁段的近地表特征及其活动性提供了新证据.     

华北克拉通中东部基底构造单元的重磁特征

系统收集并重新处理了华北克拉通中东部的重磁资料,利用处理结果,结合近年来华北克拉通前寒武纪结晶基底构造研究的进展,重新将华北克拉通中东部划分为2个一级重磁异常单元和7个二级重磁异常单元;重点描述了7条分划性断裂的重磁特征,特别指出中国东部重力梯度带正是华北克拉通中部带的集中表现,而郯庐断裂带和兰考～聊城～盐山～台安-大洼断裂带是燕山期陆内不同刚性块体调整的重要边界,所以也是重磁特征的变异带．据此,对华北克拉通断裂与构造单元的重磁异常特征赋予了新的地质意义．研究表明,华北克拉通现今的地球物理特征能够反映结晶基底构造,其原因是华北克拉通现今构造格局是中新生代构造继承结晶基底构造的结果．     

川滇活动地块东边界强震危险性研究

以川滇活动地块东边界为例,利用最近31年的地震资料,根据精细b值计算结果,研究该边界断裂带的应力空间分布及其强震危险性. 研究结果显示：（1）沿川滇活动地块东边界,b值空间分布显示在不同断裂以及同一断裂不同断裂段存在较大差异,从而反映出应力积累水平的空间差异.（2）小江断裂带主干断裂上的嵩明凹凸体及存在于主干断裂附近巧家与东川间以及嵩明北西的2个凹凸体、存在于安宁河断裂冕宁附近和则木河断裂西昌附近的凹凸体以及位于鲜水河断裂中南段道孚—乾宁间大尺度的凹凸体将是川滇活动地块东边界未来大震或强震的震源区.     

安丘-莒县断裂与昌邑-大店断裂朱里以北段空间位置及活动性研究

安丘-莒县断裂与昌邑-大店断裂朱里以北段,主要隐伏于第四系之下,少见断裂出露。本项研究根据近年来开展的大量地球物理探测成果,结合野外地质考察、钻探验证以及断层活动资料等的分析对比,阐述了安丘-莒县断裂与昌邑-大店断裂的空间位置和构造特征,并应用区域地震地质、第四纪地质方法和断裂活动的绝对年龄资料对断裂现代活动性进行研究,认为安丘-莒县断裂主要经方家屯村东、文山东坡、石湾店南村西、东冢镇后柳村东、下营等地,属晚更新世活动断裂;昌邑-大店断裂作为郯庐断裂带东地堑的东侧边界断裂,控制潍河东侧的青山、青龙山花岗岩体的西边界,经董家隅村东、下营东,向北大致与安丘莒县断裂平行延伸至莱州湾,属于早中更新世断裂。     

中国东部海区岩石层结构的区域综合地球物理研究

结合新一轮编图工作的开展,中国东部海区重、磁平面图件在拼入新资料同时,也包含了邻区朝鲜半岛,台湾岛,日本海,菲律宾海等地区的资料.本文在此基础上综合分析研究区重、磁异常特征,利用重、磁资料反演莫霍面、居里面,进而求取了热岩石层底界面,对重、磁数据进行了突出断裂带信息的处理,确定了13条重要断裂带的展布,将研究区划分为8个块体和4个结合带,它们具有"东西成带、南北分块"的特征,是"2条锋线"作用的产物.研究表明,江—绍断裂带向东延伸进入海区,虽然受东海陆架西缘断裂带的切割,但仍继续往东延伸,可能延至朝鲜半岛南端与济州岛南缘断裂带相接;在朝鲜半岛西缘地球物理场存在NNW—NW的明显界线,可解释为断裂带,称之黄海东缘断裂带,中国大陆东部的五莲—青岛断裂带与黄海东缘断裂带和济州岛南缘断裂带共同构成中朝和扬子块体的边界.     

豫北深、浅部构造特征与地震

通过对豫北地区浅层和深部地震地质构造特征及地震活动性的综合分析,以薄壁－新乡－商丘断裂带为划分为北部地区和南部地区,并分别进行了论述。认为北部地区构造线主体为北东向,与华北断块区的构造线一致,浅层构造沿区域构造线呈断隆和断陷相间展布,深部莫霍界面隆起凹陷也相间排列,南部地区的主体构造线基本为北西向,与北部地区截然不同,浅层构造豫东为在整体沉降的基础上有次级的隆起和凹陷,深部结构表现为大面积的莫霍面     

NEW DISCOVERY OF RESHUI-TAOSTUO RIVER FAULT IN DULAN,QINGHAI PROVINCE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

The 40km-long, NEE trending Reshui-Taostuo River Fault was found in the southern Dulan-Chaka highland by recent field investigation, which is a strike-slip fault with some normal component. DEM data was generated by small unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)on key geomorphic units with resolution<0.05m. Based on the interpretation and field investigation, we get two conclusions:1)It is the first time to define the Reshui-Taostuo River Fault, and the fault is 40km long with a 6km-long surface rupture; 2)There are left-handed dislocations in the gullies and terraces cut by the fault. On the high-resolution DEM image obtained by UAV, the offsets are(9.3±0.5) m, (17.9±1.5) m, and(36.8±2) m, measured by topographic profile recovery of gullies. The recovery measurements of two terraces present that the horizontal offset of T₁/T₀ is(18.2±1.5) m and the T₂/T₁ is (35.8±2) m, which is consistent with the offsets from gullies. According to the historical earthquake records, a M5 3/4 earthquake on April 10, 1938 and a M_S5.0 earthquake on March 21, 1952 occurred at the eastern end of the surface rupture, which may be related to the activity of the fault. By checking the county records of Dulan and other relevant data, we find that there are no literature records about the two earthquakes, which is possibly due to the far distance to the epicenter at that time, the scarcity of population in Dulan, or that the earthquake occurred too long ago that led to losing its records. The southernmost ends of the Eastern Kunlun Fault and the Elashan Fault converge to form a wedge-shaped extruded fault block toward the northwest. The Dulan Basin, located at the end of the wedge-shaped fault block, is affected by regional NE and SW principal compressive stress and the shear stress of the two boundary faults. The Dulan Basin experienced a complex deformation process of compression accompanying with extension. In the process of extrusion, the specific form of extension is the strike-slip faults at each side of the wedge, and there is indeed a north-east and south-west compression between the two controlling wedge-shaped fault block boundary faults, the Eastern Kunlun and Elashan Faults. The inferred mechanism of triangular wedge extrusion deformation in this area is quite different from the pure rigid extrusion model. Therefore, Dulan Basin is a wedge-shaped block sandwiched between the two large-scale strike-slip faults. Due to the compression of the northeast and southwest directions of the region, the peripheral faults of the Dulan Basin form a series of southeast converging plume thrust faults on the northeast edge of the basin near the Elashan Fault, which are parallel to the Elashan Fault in morphology and may converge with the Elashan Fault in subsurface. The southern marginal fault of the Dulan Basin(Reshui-Taostuo River Fault)near the Eastern Kunlun fault zone is jointly affected by the left-lateral strike-slip Eastern Kunlun Fault and the right-lateral strike-slip Elashan Fault, presenting a left-lateral strike-slip characteristic. Meanwhile, the wedge-shaped fault block extrudes to the northwest, causing local extension at the southeast end, and the fault shows the extensional deformation. These faults absorb or transform the shear stress in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau. Therefore, our discovery of the Dulan Reshui-Taostuo River Fault provides important constraints for better understanding of the internal deformation mode and mechanism of the fault block in the northeastern Tibetan plateau. The strike of Reshui-Taostuo River Fault is different from the southern marginal fault of the Qaidam Basin. The Qaidam south marginal burial fault is the boundary fault between the Qaidam Basin and the East Kunlun structural belt, with a total length of ~500km. The geophysical data show that Qaidam south marginal burial fault forms at the boundary between the positive gravity anomaly of the southern East Kunlun structural belt and the negative gravity anomaly gradient zone of the northern Qaidam Basin, showing as a thrust fault towards the basin. The western segment of the fault was active at late Pleistocene, and the eastern segment near Dulan County was active at early-middle Pleistocene. The Reshui-Taostuo River Fault is characterized by sinistral strike-slip with a normal component. The field evidence indicates that the latest active period of this fault was Holocene, with a total length of only 40km. Neither remote sensing image interpretation nor field investigation indicate the fault extends further westward and intersects with the Qaidam south marginal burial fault. Moreover, it shows that its strike is relatively consistent with the East Kunlun fault zone in spatial distribution and has a certain angle with the burial fault in the southern margin of Qaidam Basin. Therefore, there is no structural connection between the Reshui-Taostuo River Fault and the Qaidam south marginal burial fault.     

川滇菱形块体主要边界运动模型的GPS数据反演分析

利用川滇地区1991-1999年的高精度GPS观测处理结果,采用稳健 - 贝叶斯最小二乘算法与多断裂位错模型,分析研究了川滇菱形块体主要边界运动的定量模型.反演分析表明:川西鲜水河断裂带和安宁河断裂带的左旋走滑运动速率约30mm/a,倾滑运动(逆断层)速率分别约9-11mm/a;滇西红河断裂带、程海断裂带、鹤庆 - 洱源断裂带的走滑运动(分别为右旋、左旋、左旋)速率分别约、11、13mm/a,倾滑运动(正断层)速率分别约16、24、16mm/a;如将其视为弹性应力应变积累,则各断层每年有相当于6级左右的地震能量积累.依据上述反演结果,模拟了区域主要断层运动引起的水平位移、应变速率场图像,显示了边界断裂及其之间的相互作用.     

Research on the dynamics of the South China Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling

Independent of Indochina extrusion, the South China Sea experienced a process from passive continental rifting to marginal sea drifting. According to the fault patterns in the Beibu Gulf basin and the Pearl River Mouth basin, the continental rifting and early spreading stage from 32 to 26 Ma were controlled by extensional stress field, which shifted clockwise from southeastward to south southeastward. From 24 Ma on, the sea spread in NW-SE direction and ceased spreading at around 15.5 Ma. Integrated geological information with the assumption that the South China Sea developed along a pre-Cenozoic weakness zone, we did analogue experiments on the South China Sea evolu- tion. Experiments revealed that the pre-existing weakness zone goes roughly along the uplift zone between the present Zhu-1 and Zhu-2 depression. The pre-existing weakness zone is composed of three segments trending NNE, roughly EW and NEE, respectively. The early opening of the South China Sea is accompanied with roughly 15° clockwise rotation, while the SE sub-sea basin opened with SE extension. Tinjar fault was the western boundary of the Nansha block (Dangerous Ground), while Lupar fault was the eastern boundary of the Indochina, NW-trending rift belt known as Zengmu basin developed between above two faults due to block divergent of Indochina from Nansha. In the experiment, transtensional flower structures along NW-trending faults are seen, and slight inversion occurs along some NE-dipping faults. The existence of rigid massifs changed the orientations of some faults and rift belt, and also led to deformation concentrate around the massifs. The rifting and drifting of the South China Sea might be caused by slab pull from the proto South China Sea subducting toward Borneo and/or mantle flow caused by India-Asia collision.     

黄海及其邻区深部结构特点与地质演化

根据黄海及其周边地区的布格重力资料，通过多种方法处理，得到有关断裂的信息并求取了研究区的地壳厚度分布. 经过与地震层析成像结果、地质资料的对比和综合分析，认为朝鲜半岛西缘断裂带和济州岛南缘断裂带均为深大断裂，断裂带的两侧速度结构存在较大差异. 推断朝鲜半岛和南黄海分别属于不同的地质单元. 根据对岩石层结构的综合分析，认为中朝与扬子块体在黄海海域的接触关系是扬子块体推覆于中朝块体之上. 从目前的地震层析成像、重力异常、地壳厚度分布等结果来看，还不足以判断扬子与华南块体结合带在黄海海域中的准确位置.     

ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE OF THE 2017 MS7.0 JIUZHAIGOU EARTHQUAKE REGION AND THE EASTERN TERMINUS OF THE EAST KUNLUN FAULT

The East Kunlun Fault is a giant fault in northern Tibetan, extending eastward and a boundary between the Songpan-Ganzi block and the West Qinling orogenic zone. The East Kunlun Fault branches out into a horsetail structure which is formed by several branch faults. The 2017 Jiuzhaigou M_S7.0 earthquake occurred in the horsetail structure of the East Kunlun Fault and caused huge casualties. As one of several major faults that regulate the expansion of the Tibetan plateau, the complexity of the deep extension geometry of the East Kunlun Fault has also attracted a large number of geophysical exploration studies in this area, but only a few are across the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region. Changes in pressure or slip caused by the fluid can cause changes in fault activity. The presence of fluid can cause the conductivity of the rock mass inside the fault zone to increase significantly. MT method is the most sensitive geophysical method to reflect the conductivity of the rock mass. Thus MT is often used to study the segmented structure of active fault zones. In recent years MT exploration has been carried out in several earthquake regions and the results suggest that the location of main shock and aftershocks are controlled by the resistivity structure. In order to study the deep extension characteristics of the East Kunlun Fault and the distribution of the medium properties within the fault zone, we carried out a MT exploration study across the Tazang section of the East Kunlun Fault in 2016. The profile in this study crosses the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region. Other two MT profiles that cross the Maqu section of East Kunlun Fault performed by previous researches are also collected. Phase tensor decomposition is used in this paper to analyze the dimensionality and the change in resistivity with depth. The structure of Songpan-Ganzi block is simple from deep to shallow. The structure of West Qinlin orogenic zone is complex in the east and simple in the west. The structure near the East Kunlun Fault is complex. We use 3D inversion to image the three MT profiles and obtained 3D electrical structure along three profiles. The root-mean-square misfit of inversions is 2.60 and 2.70. Our results reveal that in the tightened northwest part of the horsetail structure, the East Kunlun Fault, the Bailongjiang Fault, and the Guanggaishan-Dieshan Fault are electrical boundaries that dip to the southwest. The three faults combine in the mid-lower crust to form a "flower structure" that expands from south to north. In the southeastward spreading part of the horsetail structure, the north section of the Huya Fault is an electrical boundary that extends deep. The Tazang Fault has obvious smaller scale than the Huya Fault. The Minjiang Fault is an electrical boundary in the upper crust. The Huya Fault and the Tazang Fault form a one-side flower structure. The Bailongjiang and the Guanggaishan-Dieshan Fault form a "flower structure" that expands from south to north too. The two "flower structures" combine in the high conductivity layer of mid-lower crust. In Songpan-Ganzi block, there is a three-layer structure where the second layer is a high conductivity layer. In the West Qinling orogenic zone, there is a similar structure with the Songpan-Ganzi block, but the high conductivity layer in the West Qinling orogenic zone is shallower than the high conductivity layer in the Songpan-Ganzi block. The hypocenter of 2017 M_S7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake is between the high and low resistivity bodies at the shallow northeastern boundary of the high conductivity layer. The low resistivity body is prone to move and deform. The high resistivity body blocked the movement of low resistivity body. Such a structure and the movement mode cause the uplift near the East Kunlun Fault. The electrical structure and rheological structure of Jiuzhaigou earthquake region suggest that the focal depth of the earthquake is less than 11km. The Huya Fault extends deeper than the Tazang Fault. The seismogenic fault of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake is the Huya Fault. The high conductivity layer is deep in the southwest and shallow in the northeast, which indicates that the northeast movement of Tibetan plateau is the cause of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake.     

论中国大陆基底构造

中国大陆基底可以分为４个区域：西域克拉通和东亚克拉通具太古代－早元古代变质基底，蒙藏增生陆块与华南增生陆块为元古代基底．在西域克拉通内可以识别出南塔里木陆核分布区、准噶尔陆核分布区与伊犁陆核；在东亚克拉通内可以勾画出燕吕陆核分布区、黄淮陆核分布区、秦岭陆核分布区和扬子陆核分布区．在克拉通形成的同时或稍后，在克拉通的两侧发育巨型基底断裂．在东亚克拉通的东西侧为郯庐断裂带与东亚克拉通西缘断裂带；在西域克拉通的南北为阿尔金断裂带与阿尔曼大断裂带．在蒙藏地块中部通过的日喀则－狼山断裂带是位于两克拉通之间的重要断裂带．     

Numerical simulations of deformation and movement of blocks within North China in response to 1976 Tangshan earthquake

Using methods of discontinuous deformation analysis and finite element (DDA+FEM), this paper simulates dynamic processes of the Tangshan earthquake of 1976, which occurred in the northern North China where its internal blocks apparently interacted. Studies focus upon both the movement and deformation of the blocks, in particular, the Ordos block, and variations of stress states on the boundary faults. The Tangshan earthquake was composed of three events: slipping motions of NNE-striking major fault, NE-striking fault near the northeastern end of the NNE-striking fault, and NW-striking fault on the southeastern side of the NNE-striking fault. Compared with previous studies, our model yields a result that is more agreeable with the configuration of aftershock distributions. A number of data are presented, such as the principle stress field during the earthquake, contours of the maximum shear stress, the strike-slip deformation between blocks near the earthquake focus, time-dependent variations of slips of earthquake-triggered faulting, the maximum slip distance, and stress drops. These results are in accord with the earthquake source mechanism, basic parameters from earthquake wave study, macro-isoseismic line, observed horizontal displacement vectors, etc. The Tangshan earthquake exerted different influences on the adjacent blocks and boundary faults between them, thus resulting in differential movement and deformation. The Ordos block seems to have experienced the small-scale counterclockwise rotation and deformation, but its northeast part, bounded on the east by the Taihangshan and on the north by the Yanshan and Yinshan belts, underwent relatively stronger deformation. The Tangshan earthquake also changed the stress state of boundary faults of the North China, leading to an increase in shear stress and a decrease in normal stress in the NW-trending Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault through Tangshan City and the northern border faults of the Ordos block, and therefore raises the potential risk of earthquake occurrence. This result is supported by the facts that a series of Ms≥ 6 earthquakes took place at the northern margin of the Ordos block after the Tangshan earthquake.     

福建晋江下游北西向断裂带活动性研究

本文以丰富和翔实的地质、地貌、年代测定、地球物理、地震等资料,阐述了晋江下游北西向断裂带的几何特征,分析了断裂带晚更新世以来的活动性,并探讨了断裂活动与地震的关系。结果表明：（1）晋江下游北西向断裂带从南安仑苍到晋江河口形迹清晰,断裂规模自西北向东南不断增大;（2）晋江下游北西向断裂带晚更新世以来,不同段落的活动性亦表现出自西北向东南不断增强和变新的特点,南安仑苍一丰州段为早第四纪断裂,丰州一晋江河口段发育有晚更新世断裂;（3）沿晋江下游北西向断裂带,在其与北东向断裂交汇部位附近,历史上曾发生过6次中强地震,地震有自西北向东南频度升高和强度增大的趋势。