北黄海盆地东部坳陷中生界沉积特征及演化

北黄海盆地是我国近海勘探及研究程度均较低的中新生代叠合断陷盆地, 而东部坳陷是其内最具油气勘探前景的二级构造单元。通过岩芯观察与测井相分析, 结合三维地震资料, 认为东部坳陷中生界主要发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、三角洲与湖泊沉积。受构造演化阶段的制约, 不同时期具有不同的沉积演化特征。其中中侏罗世处于湖盆的初期断陷期, 半深湖-深湖亚相发育, 仅在坳陷边缘见少量小规模的扇三角洲沉积。晚侏罗世处于断陷扩展期, 整体为一个完整的湖进-湖退旋回, 早期北部缓坡发育三角洲沉积, 南部及东部陡坡见扇三角洲沉积, 中后期则由于湖平面上升, 发育暗色泥岩为主的湖泊沉积, 晚期北部缓坡见小规模三角洲前缘沉积。早白垩世处于断陷萎缩期, 垂向发育2个正旋回沉积序列, 其中旋回下部以扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲相为主, 向上渐变为滨浅湖沉积。     

徐家围子地区登娄库组沉积相分析

松辽盆地北部徐家围子地区登娄库组沉积时期,盆地处于断陷末期-断陷向坳陷转化过渡期。综合分析岩心、测井、录井等资料,探讨了徐家围子地区登娄库组沉积相类型。结果表明,本区目的层段发育冲积扇、三角洲、河流、湖泛平原、湖泊5类沉积体系,细分为冲积扇、砂质辫状河、曲流河、扇三角洲、湖泛三角洲、湖泛平原和湖泊7类沉积相;垂向上登娄库组一段受断陷影响大,沉积相模式为冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系,登娄库组二至四段为河流-末端扇、河流-三角洲-湖泊沉积体系。     

松辽盆地北部古龙地区登娄库组沉积与构造演化耦合关系研究

为明确松辽盆地北部古龙地区登娄库组沉积与构造演化的耦合关系,本文利用古龙地区的地震、钻井、测井和岩心等资料,通过古龙地区登娄库组的构造演化特征、层序地层格架和沉积特征综合研究,对古龙地区登娄库组构造演化对沉积充填特征的控制作用进行分析,结果表明,古龙地区登娄库组沉积时期为断坳转换期,可进一步划分为断陷盆地萎缩阶段早期和晚期、坳陷盆地孕育阶段早期和晚期4个构造演化阶段,分别对应4个三级层序(Sq1-Sq4); 古龙地区登娄库组主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、湖底扇、河流相、辫状河三角洲、浅水三角洲、湖泊沉积等沉积体系; 登娄库组构造演化控制着沉积充填演化,各构造演化阶段沉积体系分布特征及沉积演化模式具有明显的差异性,即沉积充填特征与构造演化过程具有良好的耦合关系。具体表现为:断陷盆地萎缩阶段早期(Sq1)和晚期(Sq2)下部地层受断陷作用控制,沉积充填特征符合陆相断陷湖盆沉积演化模式; 断陷盆地萎缩阶段晚期(Sq2)上部、坳陷盆地孕育阶段早期(Sq3)和晚期(Sq4)地层具有坳陷层序地层特征,其中萎缩阶段晚期(Sq2)上部和坳陷盆地孕育阶段早期(Sq3)属于坳陷盆地"河流-浅水三角洲"沉积模式; 坳陷盆地孕育阶段晚期(Sq4)发育干旱背景下的坳陷湖盆"洪水-河漫湖"沉积模式。     

鄱阳盆地构造—沉积特征及其演化史

鄱阳盆地是发育在江南—九岭和怀玉—官帽基底拆离造山带上的白垩-古近纪张扭性断陷盆地,明显受近南北走向的赣江走滑断裂系和前白垩系逆冲断裂系晚期反转的双重因素控制,呈“两坳夹一隆”的区域构造格局。受赣江、进贤—石门街走滑断裂夹持的南昌凹陷,呈近南北向凹凸相间展布格局。进贤—石门街走滑断裂以东地区,“南断北超”型断陷自南而北由北东走向渐转为北北东向展布,其源于晚印支-燕山期北东向逆冲断裂在晚期的反转作用,西缘和北部受赣江断裂系东枝走滑断裂影响明显而发生转向。鄱阳盆地经历了早白垩世晚期(冷水坞组沉积期)拉分盆地、晚白垩世早-中期(周家店组—南雄组沉积早期)走滑张扭断(坳)陷盆地、晚白垩世晚期(南雄组沉积中-晚期)走滑伸展盆地和古近纪坳陷盆地等演化阶段,东南部断陷区(江埠—二甲村凹陷)由于喜马拉雅期的隆升剥蚀而只残存周家店组早期坳陷和周家店组中期—南雄组中期断陷两个发育阶段的沉积。     

鄱阳盆地构造—沉积特征及其演化史

 鄱阳盆地是发育在江南—九岭和怀玉—官帽基底拆离造山带上的白垩-古近纪张扭性断陷盆地,明显受近南北走向的赣江走滑断裂系和前白垩系逆冲断裂系晚期反转的双重因素控制,呈“两坳夹一隆”的区域构造格局。受赣江、进贤—石门街走滑断裂夹持的南昌凹陷,呈近南北向凹凸相间展布格局。进贤—石门街走滑断裂以东地区,“南断北超”型断陷自南而北由北东走向渐转为北北东向展布,其源于晚印支-燕山期北东向逆冲断裂在晚期的反转作用,西缘和北部受赣江断裂系东枝走滑断裂影响明显而发生转向。鄱阳盆地经历了早白垩世晚期(冷水坞组沉积期)拉分盆地、晚白垩世早-中期(周家店组—南雄组沉积早期)走滑张扭断(坳)陷盆地、晚白垩世晚期(南雄组沉积中-晚期)走滑伸展盆地和古近纪坳陷盆地等演化阶段,东南部断陷区(江埠—二甲村凹陷)由于喜马拉雅期的隆升剥蚀而只残存周家店组早期坳陷和周家店组中期—南雄组中期断陷两个发育阶段的沉积。     

银根-额济纳旗盆地天草凹陷构造-沉积体系演化及油气成藏条件分析

天草凹陷位于银根—额济纳旗盆地白垩纪断陷盆地群的西北部,经历了早白垩世断陷发生、发展阶段,晚白垩世坳陷阶段,第三纪到第四纪挤压抬升等主要的构造演化发展阶段。其中,第一阶段是形成盆地沉积建造的主要时期,沉积了2000～3000m的早白垩世沉积,其间经历了两次大的湖侵、湖退过程,对应沉积了两套浅湖-半深湖相烃源岩和扇三角洲相砂体。天草凹陷油源、储层、保存、圈闭配套匹配以及油气运聚等油气成藏条件好,用类比法和盆地模拟法计算的凹陷总资源量的期望值为0.89亿吨。下白垩统巴音戈壁组上部是主要的含油层系,位于凹陷东西两侧的巴勒断阶带、哈尔构造带是天草凹陷油气勘探的重要领域。     

广东三水盆地沉积体系研究

通过大量钻井和露头资料的沉积学研究,确认了白垩纪-古近纪三水盆地存在冲积扇、扇三角洲、河流(辫状河)、三角洲、湖泊五大沉积体系,并详细描述了它们的特征和时空分布规律.根据五大沉积体系在纵向上的叠置关系,把三水盆地分为①早白垩世底部粗碎屑进积阶段;②晚白垩世初始湖泛阶段;③古新世-早始新世湖泊细碎屑加积阶段:④中始新世-晚始新世顶部粗碎屑填积阶段.最后,根据沉积演化过程中的生储盖匹配关系,指出盆地西部宝月地区为最有利的油气勘探区块,最有利的层位为古近系怖心组,最有利的沉积体系为发育在怖心组大岗段之上的冲积扇、扇三角洲和三角洲.     

广东三水盆地沉积体系研究

通过大量钻井和露头资料的沉积学研究,确认了白垩纪-古近纪三水盆地存在冲积扇、扇三角洲、河流(辫状河)、三角洲、湖泊五大沉积体系,并详细描述了它们的特征和时空分布规律.根据五大沉积体系在纵向上的叠置关系,把三水盆地分为①早白垩世底部粗碎屑进积阶段;②晚白垩世初始湖泛阶段;③古新世-早始新世湖泊细碎屑加积阶段:④中始新世-晚始新世顶部粗碎屑填积阶段.最后,根据沉积演化过程中的生储盖匹配关系,指出盆地西部宝月地区为最有利的油气勘探区块,最有利的层位为古近系怖心组,最有利的沉积体系为发育在怖心组大岗段之上的冲积扇、扇三角洲和三角洲.     

泌阳断陷湖盆古湖泊演化模式初探

泌阳断陷湖盆沉积充填史划分为三个阶段：初始断陷充填阶段、主断陷充填阶段及坳陷充填阶段,并对应着三个盆地充填序列及其相应的构造层序。其中第二阶段包括强烈断陷充填亚阶段、稳定断陷充填亚阶段及断陷萎缩充填亚阶段,其沉积速率有由大到小的变化规律。早第三纪泌阳断陷湖盆经历了四个演化历程：山前洪水洼地→硫酸盐型滨浅湖→正常湖泊→碳酸盐型或硫酸盐型滨浅湖;相应地,湖盆南部边缘（陡坡带）和北部边缘（缓坡带）沉积楔状体演变过程分别为：冲积扇→陡坡型扇三角洲→缓坡型扇三角洲→冲积扇和冲积扇→三角洲→冲积扇。随着硫酸盐类矿物沉淀的增多,泌阳断陷湖盆最终走向消亡。     

库车坳陷中生界陆相层序地层格架与盆地演化

根据库车坳陷野外露头和钻井地层对比与沉积相分析,建立了库车坳陷中生界陆相层序地层的格架,总结了陆相盆地层序地层发育的特点,指出了多期叠合盆地陆相层序发育和横向对比的复杂性.将库车坳陷中生界划分了5个二级构造层序,每个层序分别由低位、湖侵和高位体系域组成.低位体系域多为巨厚的冲积扇、扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积体系,代表较强烈的造山活动期的沉积响应.湖侵体系域主要为辫状河三角洲前缘-滨浅湖沉积体系,代表造山运动间歇期的沉积响应.高位体系域多为冲积扇-辫状河三角洲平原沉积体系,代表较弱的造山活动期的沉积响应.根据库车坳陷层序演化,建立了陆相盆地的3种盆地模式,即强挤压沉陷盆地,以早-中三叠世和晚第三-第四纪为代表;弱挤压沉陷盆地,以晚侏罗-早白垩世为代表;造山后剥蚀反弹盆地,以晚三叠世-早、中侏罗世和早第三纪为代表.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with