航次租船合同下与提单有关的滞期费纠纷

从买卖合同、租船合同以及提单的相关规定出发，结合中外典型案例，阐述了航次租约下滞期费纠纷产生的原因，滞期费责任的承担方，提单中的并入条款是否有效、并入的范围及不同法系国家对待并入条款的态度等几个问题，揭示了滞期费纠纷的复杂多变性。     

关于船舶优先权和抵押权的比较研究——《1993年船舶优先权和抵押权国际公约》与我国《海商法》的有关规定

文章从以下几方面比较研究了《1993年船舶优先权和抵押权国际公约》与我国《海商法》的有关规定:船舶优先权的性质;船舶优先权项目;其他船舶优先权;船舶抵押权;船舶留置权;关于船旗的暂行更换。认为,我国《海商法》内容与1993年公约内容是接轨的,我国应该尽早签署,加入公约。     

《中国海洋资源与可持续发展》评介

由黄良民、孙宗勋等主编的《中国海洋资源与可持续发展》一书,是《中国可持续发展总纲(国家卷)》大型系列丛书的第八卷,近日由科学出版社出版。《中国可持续发展总纲(国家卷)》是由中国科学院院长路甬祥院士任总主编,邀集我国可持续发展领域184名资深专家和学者,历经2年零8个月     

评《中国北方沿海泥炭与环境》

评《中国北方沿海泥炭与环境》由李汉鼎、吕金福、王强等著《中国北方沿海泥炭与环境》（海洋出版社１９９５年出版）一书，是我国首都以泥炭发生学为主线，讨论末次冰期间冰阶以来我国北方近海及沿海环境演变过程与机制的专著。该专著系统收集、整理了研究区已有的资料，...     

《中国海洋老照片》征稿启事

2009年是新中国诞生60周年。在60年的风雨历程中,中国的海洋事业得到了前所未有的发展。在这片蓝色的国土上,各行各业的人们用共同的努力书写了一段段辉煌傲世的传奇。作为海洋事业的宣传者,我们有必要将这些历史的经典时刻铭刻进更多人的回忆中。     

《中国海洋老照片》征稿启事

2009年是新中国诞生60周年。在60年的风雨历程中,中国的海洋事业得到了前所未有的发展。在这片蓝色的国土上,各行各业的人们用共同的努力书写了一段段辉煌傲世的传奇。作为海洋事业的宣传者,我们有必要将这些历史的经典时刻铭刻进更多人的回忆中。     

《中国区域海洋学》和《中国海洋物种和图集》首发仪式举行

7月25日,“我国近海海洋综合调查与评价”专项（以下简称908专项）的重要成果《中国区域海洋学》和《中国海洋物种和图集》首发仪式在京举行。全国政协副主席陈宗兴和全国政协原副主席宋健发来贺信,向此次成果发布表示热烈的祝贺。     

《中国医学史》课程思政建设的探索与实践

适应新时代发展的需要,在专业课程中融入思政教育,实现将知识传授与价值观引领相结合。高校教师要深入挖掘专业课程资源,提升专业教师在课堂上立德树人的自觉性和积极性。笔者在《中国医学史》课程的教学过程中,围绕挖掘思政教育元素,形成思政教育系列主题、弘扬中医传统文化,提升中医自信、帮助在校医学生塑造核心价值观等几个方面展开了教学探索与实践。     

《中国海洋报》的学术研究价值

在文献信息学研究领域,文献可以划分为不同的类型。不同类型的文献对学术研究所产生的作用和价值是不同的,因此学术研究对不同类型的文献的需求量是有区别的。常规的学术研究对不同类型的文献需求或依赖程度,由大到小依次为期刊论文、专著、学位论文、会议论文、专利、报纸、标准等。     

《中国区域海洋学》成果和编纂情况

7月25日,《中国区域海洋学》和《中国海洋物种和图集》首发仪式在京举行,这是“我国近海海洋综合调查与评价”专项（908专项）的重要成果,具有很高的学术和应用价值,科学意义重大。会上,中国科学院院士、国家海洋局第二海洋研究所苏纪兰教授和国家海洋局第三海洋研究所所长余兴光研究员分别介绍了《中国区域海洋学》和《中国海洋物种和图集》的编纂过程和专著内容,为我们提供了全面了解两部著作的机会。     

东中国海及其它陆架沉积作用国际学术讨论会通告

由中国国家海洋局和美国国家海洋大气局共同发起的“东中国海及其它陆架沉积作用国际学术讨论会”定于1983年4月12日至16日在中国杭州举行。会议将涉及陆架沉积作用的地质、物理、生物及化学诸方面。主要内容有:河口环流和沉积作用;陆架水系环流及其沉积作用过程;陆架沉积中的生物改造作用;水体和底质中化学组分的迁移和再循     

Sublittoral meiofauna with particular reference to nematodes in the southern Yellow Sea, China

Densities of major meiofaunal taxa were investigated at 34 sampling stations during six cruises by R/V Beidou to the southern Yellow Sea, China from 2000 to 2004, and the community structure of free-living marine nematodes was studied during one of the cruises in 2003. Meiofauna abundance ranged from 487.4 to 1655.3 individuals per 10 cm². Nematodes and harpacticoid copepods were the two most dominant groups, contributing 73.8–92.8% and 3.5–18.7%, respectively, to the total meiofauna abundance. One-way ANOVA showed no significant annual fluctuation of meiofauna and nematode abundances from 2000 to 2004 in the southern Yellow Sea. However, two-way ANOVA based on six stations sampled in 4 years (2001–2004) showed that there were significant differences among the six stations and the 4 sampling years for meiofauna, nematode and copepod abundance. Correlation analysis demonstrated that meiofauna abundance was mainly linked to chloroplastic pigments. Other environmental factors could not be ruled out, however. A total of 232 free-living marine nematode species, belonging to 149 genera, 35 families and 4 orders, were identified. The dominant species in the sampling area were the following: Dorylaimopsis rabalaisi, Microlaimus sp.1, Prochromadorella sp., Promonohystera sp., Cobbia sp.1, Daptonema sp.1, Leptolaimus sp.1, Halalaimus sp.2, Aegialoalaimus sp., Chromadorita sp., Parodontophora marina, Parasphaerolaimus paradoxus, Quadricoma sp.1, Campylaimus sp.1, Halalaimus gracilis, Paramesacanthion sp.1, Paramonohystera sp.1, and Metalinhomoeus longiseta. CLUSTER and SIMPROF analyses revealed three main types of nematode community (or station groups) in the sampling area, including I: coastal community, II: transitory community between coastal and YSCWM (Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass), and III: YSCWM community. Each community was indicated by a number of dominant nematode species. Bio-Env correlation analysis between the nematode community and environmental variables showed that water depth, sediment water content, organic matter, chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and phaeophorbide a (Pha-a) were the most important factors to determine the community structure.     

从自然变化过程中分离人类活动的探讨--以山东利津剖面为例

根据一天然剖面的炭屑、孢粉、年代学分析结果,研究了2500a以来的气候变化过程.在详细历史资料基础上,通过对比发现的炭屑异常峰值与历史上几次人口增殖和火灾有关,某些孢粉种属的变化则可能是人类耕种的结果.这说明只要提高研究的分辨率,对于人类活动事件是可以把它从自然变化过程中分离出来的,这对改造环境、恢复生态是非常重要的.     

我国北方鲍鱼室内工厂化养殖存在问题及解决途径的探讨

本文主要综述鲍鱼室内工厂化养殖的现状和存在的问题,从水质、饵料、养殖密度、疾病方面进行分析和探讨,并提出了相应的解决途径,以求对生产上有所帮助。     

2001年冬春转换期间南海东北部水文和环流特征

根据2001年3月份南海东北部航次调查温、盐资料,分析了2001年冬末春初南海东北部温、盐结构和环流的特征.分析结果表明:观测期间南海东北部环流主要受一次海盆尺度气旋型冷环流支配,冷环流呈现双核结构,垂向尺度接近1000 m.吕宋海峡内侧断面的水交换在600 m以浅海水流入南海,在断面南部(20°N以南)中层和深层有流出,断面法向地转流向西净输运量为6.9×106m3/s;直接的黑潮入侵不超过120.5°E,但有部分的黑潮水沿陆坡达到台湾岛西南部海域,并更有一部分逸入东沙岛以西海域,与南海水混合变性.     

Ecology of beach wrack in northern New England with special reference to Orchestia platensis

The northern New England beach wrack community with special reference to the cosmopolitan amphipod crustacean, Orchestia platensis, was examined at estuarine and open coastal habitats. Beach wrack was dominated by the plant genera Ascophyllum, Zostera, Spartina and Chondrus, and was most abundant during spring and late summer. Animal community numbers, biomass and frequency in fresh to moderately decomposed wrack were dominated by O. platensis throughout the year at all habitats; oligochaetes and Collembola were also important. The abundance of O. platensis showed high spatial and temporal variability, with low abundance generally associated with decreased amounts of wrack during colder months. An exception was the winter presence of the species at one estuarine habitat, in patchy aggregations within gravel-cobble refuges. The abundance of O. platensis averaged 1280 (0.04 m²)⁻¹, with a maximum of 7040 (0.04 m²)⁻¹. The life cycle of O. platensis is bivoltine, with summer-hatched young reaching maturity within 1 month. Laboratory studies indicate females with up to 4 broods (30 days)⁻¹, averaging 18 eggs brood⁻¹.Orchestia platensis is omnivorous, eating fresh plant tissue, live oligochaetes, Limulus eggs and diatom ‘fuzz’. The rate of laboratory consumption of algae and Zostera was 0.05 mg plant mg⁻¹ wet body weight day⁻¹. Presumptive predators of O. platensis are juvenile green crab, Carcinus maenus, and the earwig. Anisolabis maritima. The mobility, aggregation and aggressiveness of O. platensis assist the species in establishing and maintaining populations in the rigorous wrack habitat. The general competitive superiority of O. platensis over its congener, O. gammarella, and the co-occurrence of these species on both eastern and western Atlantic shores is discussed.     

Morphodynamic modelling of open-sea tidal channels eroded into a sandy seabed, with reference to the channel systems on the China coast

In this contribution, the morphodynamics of open-sea tidal channels eroded into sandy seabed in regions of flow constriction is simulated by a one-dimensional model using the Bagnold formula for bedload transport rate, and accounting for the effect of bed slope. The results show that equilibrium conditions for such channels can be reached over a period of 10²–10³ years. Sediment eroded from the channel floor is transported in the direction of the dominant current, and deposited beyond the regions of flow constriction where the current looses competence due to spreading. In this way, the material remobilized from older strata in the channels is deposited in younger sand banks near the channel heads. Where several successive channels are incised along the current axis, they interact in their morphological evolution. The morphodynamic equilibrium of a tidal channel is reached once the combined interacting sedimentological and hydrodynamic factors, such as sediment particle diameter, tidal current velocity and flood/ebb dominance, are balanced. The model output shows that the equilibrium shape of the tidal channels appears to be related mainly to flow field characteristics and, to a lesser extent, to particle size. A positive correlation exists between the depth of the channels and their response times. The equilibrium water depths of the channels are more sensitive to current speed than to either particle size or the time–velocity asymmetry of the flow field. The response times for overall morphological equilibrium are sensitive to all of the above-mentioned parameters. In particular, sediment characteristics associated with critical current velocities have far-reaching effects on the morphodynamic behaviour of tidal channels.     

美国岸线现状调查30年进展综述——以美国弗吉尼亚州为例

以美国弗吉尼亚州20世纪70年代和21世纪初两个年代进行的岸线现状调查工作为例,介绍了30年来美国岸线现状调查的目标、指导原则、调查内容、数据来源、报告编写等内容,并与我国20世纪80年代开展的"全国海岸带和海涂资源综合调查"工作以及当前正在开展的"我国近海海洋综合调查与评价"专项的海岸带调查进行了对比,讨论了两国在海岸带调查方面的异同,以及可供借鉴之处。     

Ecophysiological characteristics of four intertidal marine macroalgae during emersion along Shantou coast of China, with a special reference to the relationship of photosynthesis and CO2

Intertidal marine macroalgae experience periodical exposures during low tide due to their zonational distribution. The duration of such emersion leads to different exposures of the plants to light and aerial CO2, which then affect the physiology of them to different extents.The ecophysiological responses to light and CO2 were investigated during emersion in two red algae Gloiopeltis furcata and Gigartina interrnedia, and two brown algae Petaloniafascia and Sargassum hemiphyllum, growing along the Shantou coast of China. The light-saturated net photosynthesis in G. furcata and P. fascia showed an increase followed by slightly desiccation, whereas that in G.interrnedia and S. hemiphyllum exhibited a continuous decrease with water loss. In addition, the upper-zonated G. furcata and P. fascia,exhibited higher photosynthetic tolerance to desiccation and required higher light level to saturate their photosynthesis than the lower-zonated G. interrnedia and S. hemiphyllum. Desiccation had less effect on dark respiration in these four algae compared with photosynthesis. The light-saturated net photosynthesis increased with increased CO2 concentrations, being saturated at CO2 concentrations higher than the present atmospheric level in G. furcata, G. intermedia and S. hemiphyllum during emersion. It was evident that the relative enhancement of photosynthesis by elevated CO2 in those three algae increased, though the absolute values of photosynthetic enhancement owing to CO2 increase were reduced when the desiccation statuses became more severe. However, in the case of desiccated P. fascia (water loss being greater than 20 %), light saturated net photosynthesis was saturated with current ambient atmospheric CO2 level. It is proposed that increasing atmospheric CO2 will enhance the daily photosynthetic production in intertidal macroalgae by varied extents that were related to the species and zonation.