海安县优质弱筋小麦气候区划研究

本文利用海安县及周边6个基本台站(27个自动站)1990—2009年气象资料,通过对海安县农业气候资源和小麦生产气候条件的调查分析,在地理信息系统平台的支持下,采用样条函数法对气候因子和区划因子进行网格细化,运用综合评价法对海安县优质弱筋小麦种植实现基于小网格的气候适宜性区划,分为最佳种植区和适宜种植区,结果显示:海安中西部地区为优质弱筋小麦最佳种植区,东部沿海为适宜种植区。这为开发和利用海安县农业气候资源、高质高效生产种植弱筋小麦提供科学依据。     

GIS支持下的芒果种植农业气候区划

根据芒果生产与气象条件的关系 ,分析确定了百色地区芒果种植的农业气候区划指标 ,进行了区划指标的小网格点推算 ;采用 GIS技术对百色地区芒果种植区进行农业气候区划 ,划分适宜、次适宜和不适宜种植区 ,提出趋利避害合理发展芒果生产的措施和建议 ,为农业结构调整及芒果的合理布局提供科学依据     

GIS支持下的芒果种植农业气候区划

根据芒果生产与气象条件的关系，分析确定了百色地区芒果种植的农业气候区划指标，进行了区刊指标的小网格点推算；采用GIS技术对百色地区芒果种植区进行农业气候区划，划分适宜、次适宜和不适宜种植区，提出趋利避害合理发展芒果生产的措施和建议，为农业结构调整及芒果的合理布局提供科学依据。     

昭平县基于GIS技术的茶树种植气候区划

基于GIS技术,利用茶树的生长发育条件与气候之间的相关关系,研究昭平县内茶树种植的农业气候区划。利用昭平县1:25万基础地理数据和昭平县气象站近30a的气候资料,建立区划指标的高层模型,并采用GIS技术对研究区的茶树种植进行气候区划,可划分为四个区,即最适宜种植区、适宜种植区、次适宜种植区以及不适宜种植区。针对各个区不同的气候特征,提出相对应的茶树种植建议,为昭平茶叶的种植和生产发展提供科学参考。     

甘肃省小麦生态气候适生种植区的研究

在分析小麦生态气候和气象条件的基础上,将甘肃小麦划分为7个生态气候适生种植区、17个种植带,并提出小麦生产中充分利用农业气候资源的途径.     

基于GIS的赤水市金钗石斛农业气候区划

石斛是热带、亚热带丛生植物,喜温暖湿润气候。赤水市是我国目前金钗石斛最大和最适宜种植区。根据赤水市气候资源特点及金钗石斛适宜生长环境指标,选取了年平均气温、全年≥10℃活动积温、海拔高度、月平均气温≥25.0℃月数、分蘖开花期(3-5月)空气相对湿度等5个气象因子作为种植区划指标,在综合考虑经度、纬度和海拔高度对气候资源影响的基础上,利用遵义市12个气象站1971-2000年气候资料和台站信息,采用逐步回归法分别构建了4个区划因子的细网格推算模型。基于数字高程(DEM)数据推算了分辨率为1 km的赤水市气候资源数据集。利用赋值法对5个区划指标分别计算,按照适宜种植区、次适宜种植区和不适宜种植区3个等级完成了赤水市金钗石斛种植气候区划。区划结果显示,赤水市金钗石斛的适宜种植区随地形和海拔高度而变化,主要分布在沿赤水河两岸和沿习水河两岸的沟谷或山地。次适宜和不适宜区主要分布在海拔700 m以上的半高山地区,冬季气温偏低、热量供应不足和夏秋干旱是这些区域不适宜种植的主要原因。     

信阳毛尖绿茶农业气候条件分析与区划研究

阐述了信阳毛尖绿茶种植区农业气候条件与茶叶生长之间的关系,在此基础上遵循主导因子与辅助因子相结合的原则,确定了年平均气温、4-10月平均气温、极端最低气温大于-15℃保证率、年降水量、日照百分率、干燥度和海拔高度作为信阳毛尖绿茶农业气候区划指标,利用GIS技术,采用专家打分法将信阳毛尖绿茶种植区划分为适宜种植区、次适宜种植区和不适宜种植区,并对区划结果进行了评述。     

基于GIS的福建省茉莉花气候适宜性区划与评估

利用福建省67个气象观测站1971—2020年气候资料、地理信息资料、茉莉花生育期调查和查阅文献资料,构建茉莉花气候适宜性指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各区划指标权重,运用隶属度函数和模糊综合评价法计算得到各站点的茉莉花气候适宜性指数,开展基于GIS的全省茉莉花气候适宜性区划。结果表明：茉莉花种植气候最适宜区主要分布在福建中部和南部沿海;适宜种植区主要分布在沿海北部和内陆的低海拔地区;次适宜种植区分布全省各地;不适宜种植区主要分布在沿山脉的高海拔地区。并通过区划结果与福建省历年茉莉花种植情况比对验证,区划结果与现有种植区较为吻合,可为福建省茉莉花种植规划提供科学依据。     

基于AHP的模糊综合评判在茶叶气候种植区划中的应用

以信阳毛尖绿茶种植区划为例,运用层次分析法（AHP）确定区划指标的权重,结合模糊综合评判方法,计算出模糊隶属度,并对模糊隶属度进行加权平均,最终得到综合区划指标,从而对信阳毛尖绿茶种植区进行合理的农业气候种植区划。区划结果表明：信阳、固始、商城、新县、鸡公山等地综合指标值大于等于0.60,属于适宜种植区;罗山、光山综合指标值在0.45~0.59之间属于次适宜种植区,该区域信阳毛尖绿茶种植面积较大,但品质略逊于适宜种植区;息县、淮滨、潢川综合指标值小于0.45,属于不适宜种植区,该区域茶叶种植面积小,生产的茶叶品质较差。     

专家分类器在京白梨气候区划中的应用

根据气候和地形等因子,采用专家分类器方法对北京市的京白梨种植区进行了农业气候区划。结果表明:平谷、密云、怀柔、昌平、门头沟和房山的浅山区为京白梨的适宜种植区。与其他的区划方法相比,专家分类器方法在农业气候区划中具有较突出的先进性和实用性,它能充分地将专家的知识、经验和科研成果应用到农业气候区划中,从而得到较客观和全面的区划结果。     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.     

前寒武纪气候演化中的三个重要科学问题

自地球形成至寒武纪将近40亿年（距今46亿～5.4亿年,通常称为前寒武纪）的气候演变是一个具有特殊难度和挑战性的研究领域,同时也是基础和前沿的研究领域。文章选择了前寒武纪气候演化中的三个重要科学问题进行综述：大气演化、两次全球性的冰川期以及暗弱太阳问题。关于大气演化,本文首先描述了大气成分的演化历史,然后简述了影响大气成分演化的三个基本过程：大气逃逸、两次大气氧含量突然增加、碳酸盐-硅酸盐循环及其对气候系统的负反馈作用。两次全球性的冰川期分别发生在古元古代（距今24亿～21亿年）和新元古代（距今8亿～5.8亿年）,文章简述了其成因以及相关的气候模拟结果。暗弱太阳问题是地球历史气候演化的一个经典问题,论文简要地综述了一些最新的研究成果和观点。     

淮河流域水文极值预测模型研究

为探索气候变化影响下水文极值的非平稳性和预测方法,建立了水文极值非平稳广义极值（GEV）分布的统计预测模型。利用1952-2010年淮河上游流域累计面雨量和流量年最大值资料、同期500 hPa环流特征量资料以及17个CMIP5模式对环流特征量的模拟结果,筛选出对水文极值影响显著的年平均北半球极涡强度指数作为GEV分布参数的预测因子。分析了在RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下2006-2050年淮河上游流域水文极值对气候变化的响应。结果表明,10年以下与10年以上重现期的水文极值在非平稳过程中呈现前者下降而后者上升的相反变化趋势;多模型预测的集合平均在未来情景中均呈现上升趋势,情景排放量越大增幅越大,重现期越长增幅也越大。与极值的常态相比,极值的极端态更易受气候变化影响。     

CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF CLIMATIC EXTREMES IN CHINA DURING 1959–2014

The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics.