射电快速精细结构在太阳耀斑中产生相位的观测分析

利用云南天文台射电四频率（1.42,2.13,2.84和4.26GHz）同步观测系统于1989.12-1994.1和北京天文台射电频谱仪（2.6-3.8GHz)于1996.11-1998.5的观测资料，仅对太阳和射电爆发中40个事件作了一个初步的统计分析，就微波低频段的快速精细结构在耀斑中产生的相位作了一个探索，期望找出太阳射电在此频段内快速活动产生相位的规律性。     

太阳射电米波爆发与日冕物质喷射

利用云南天文台声光频谱仪观测到的一次特殊的太阳射电米波爆发，与对应的光学活动及相关事件，我们探讨了1991年6月7日的日冕物质喷射 过程。     

2个二次触发型太阳耀斑的射电时间轮廓及其日冕磁结构

利用国家天文台(北京和昆明)的射电频谱仪(频段为0.65~7.6 GHz)和相关的NoRH/17GHz射电以及TRACE/171 EUV和Yohkoh/SXT的观测资料,分析了2001/04/10和10/19的2个共生精细时间结构的稀有事件,这2个事件的射电爆发时间轮廓和观测特征相似,通过这2个事件的微波(17GHz)偏振观测资料的比较,发现这2个射电爆发均由包含多重(4极)磁结构的复杂活动区引起,特别指出这2个耀斑最后都导致了耀斑后相的分米波射电爆发(第二次触发耀斑),这可能是后环引起的射电爆发。它们都分别对应于双极磁位形,表明这两次触发耀斑是由相似的耀斑模型产生。2个分米波爆发可能是相似(homologous)耀斑的射电表现,可以推测这两次耀斑的驱动器可能皆是磁流浮现或对消(因为源区有新的单或双极出现或消失),而它们的触发器皆是由双极反向Y型位形(具有一个双极拱的单磁流系统)的磁重联,耀斑后环的演化是导致耀斑后相分米波射电爆发的必要条件。我们认为,这双带耀斑对应的宽带射电爆发辐射机制是回旋同步加速辐射过程,而耀斑后相的窄带分米波爆发的辐射机制是等离子体辐射过程。     

太阳AR7646,7647活动区黑子磁场和新的射电微耀斑爆发

１９９４年１月５日日面上产生的１次１Ｎ／Ｍ１．０耀斑爆发，射电１．４２ＧＨｚ高时间分辨率观测也同时接收到，在小爆发过程里瘵有５３个脉冲信号叠加在连志辐射背景上，是很罕见的现象。在ＡＲ７６４６的黑子前导区域，５日有２处新浮的小黑子对，磁场分别的现象。     

超高分辨率太阳射电事件及其相关太阳活动的研究

从2004年10月起,国家天文台怀柔射电频谱仪增加了新的超高分辨率观测模式:在1.10～1.34 GHz频带其时间分辨率为1.25 ms,频率分辨率为4 MHz。报告了3个超高分辨率下观测到的太阳射电精细结构事件,包括射电尖峰辐射、鱼群结构和重叠的精细结构,在射电精细结构之后8～14 min,在米波段都发现射电II型爆发,3个事件的米波II型爆发(示踪着日冕激波)都有相关联的日冕物质抛射(Coronal Mass Ejection,CME)。     

太阳Ⅱ型射电暴精细结构的观测研究

在太阳射电动态频谱图上,II型暴表现为缓慢频率漂移的窄带信号;这些信号为能量电子激发的等离子体辐射,其基频辐射的频率接近当地等离子体频率.II型暴在太阳暴驱动激波、激波加速产生能量电子以及空间天气预报方面具有重要的研究意义.有些II型暴的频谱形态比较丰富,存在多种精细结构;按照频谱形态和成因大致分为频带分裂、多支、鱼骨...     

由多频射电爆发探讨太阳白光耀斑的起源问题

从射电运动Ⅳ型爆发的特征和多频射电爆发开始时序的分析可以看出这个伴生的白光耀斑和射电爆发同是由低日冕的加速电子激活,可能通过非热电子沉降能量于色球层,产生了色球层压缩波,又经二步能量传输过程过程中在上光球导致ＷＬＦ。通过对共生事件的分析,并与已知的二类ＷＬＦ的观测特征作了比较,提出该ＷＬＦ可能属于二类的混合型,并提出了ＷＬＦ可能存在射电辐射的必要条件。     

太阳射电爆发的起因：耀斑或／和日冕物质抛射

本文分析了近二十年来的地面和空间太阳有关观测资料,得出太阳射电爆发的起因为耀斑和／ 或日冕物质抛射（ＣＭＥ） 而不仅仅是耀斑,这将有利于更深刻地了解太阳射电爆发和共生高能现象的物理过程     

一个含有丰富快速精细结构的射电大爆发

本文对１９９０年７月３０日云南天文台四波段太阳射电高时间分辨率同步观测系统＾「１，２」所观测到的太阳射电大爆发进行了分析，对在１．４２ＧＨｚ，２．００ＧＨｚ，２．８４ＧＨｚ三个波段上观测到的大量尖峰辐射作了关于寿命和强度的统计，最后，针对本次爆发中的ｍｓ－ｓｐｉｋｅｓ的特点做了一些讨论。     

射电运动IV型爆发和日冕物质抛射

射电Ⅳ型运动爆发同日冕物质抛射（ＣＭＥｓ）关系极为密切。本文基于对Ⅳ型运动爆发的研究以及ＣＭＥｓ开放场的物理条件,探讨了ＣＭＥｓ形成及抛射的物理条件。由于磁通量突然喷发,能量大量释放,在ＣＭＥ闭合场中的等离子体被加速,导致高能质子和高能电子被大磁环捕获。随着磁环内的热压Ｐ和磁压Ｐｍ的升高,当β〉βＴ时磁环将炸裂,从而产生ＣＭＥｓ。抛射出的未离化的等离子体团将产生等离子体基波与谐波辐射。随着等离子体     

日冕物质抛射研究进展

作为一种大尺度的太阳高能活动现象，日冕物质抛射（ＣＭＥ）的发现令人瞩目，其强烈的行星际和地球物理效应更引起了天文、空间和地球物理学家的共同关注。在本文中介绍了自ＣＭＥ发现以来的２２年中观测和研究所取得的进展，以及它给太阳物理学带来的影响，并分析了研究工作所面临的困难和障碍，展望了ＣＭＥ研究的前景。     

Time Evolution of the Turnover Frequency for Diagnosis of the Coronal Magnetic Field

Two impulsive microwave bursts observed by Owens-Valley Solar Arrays (OVSA)are studied.The fast time variation of the turnover frequency in these bursts is quite different from the constant value in the earlier conclusion.The observational turnover frequencies are consistent with the calculations using the non-thermal gyro- synchrotron radiation model.We find the turnover frequency may play an important role for calculating the coronal magnetic field on the basis of Dulk and Marsh's ap- proximations.     

Solar Partial N－burst

We present a new sub-class of type Ⅲ solar radio burst at the high frequencies around 6.0 GHz. In addition to a descending and an ascending branch on the dynamic spectrum, it has an inverted morphology different from the simpletype U-burst. We call it “partial N-burst“ because it is interpreted as the known N-burst minus its first branch. The partial N-burst presented here was detected among a reverse slope type Ⅲ (RS-Ⅲ) burst group prior to the type V solar radio continuum and was simultaneously recorded by two spectrometers at the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC, 5.20-7.60 GHz) and at Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO, 4.50-7.50 GHz) on 1999 August 25.After the N-burst and M-burst, the partial N-burst is a third piece of evidence for a magnetic mirror effect in solar radio observation, when the same electron is reflected at a pinched foot of a flare loop.     

Magnetic Field Strengths and Structures from Radio Observations of Solar Active Regions

Radio observations of some active regions (ARs) obtained with the Nobeyama radioheliograph at λ=1.76cm are used for estimating the magnetic field strength in the upper chromosphere, based on thermal bremsstrahlung. The results are compared with the magnetic field strength in the photosphere from observations with the Solar Magnetic Field Telescope (SMFT) at Huairou Solar Observing Station of Beijing Astronomical Observatory. The difference in the magnetic field strength between the two layers seems reasonable. The solar radio maps of active regions obtained with the Nobeyama radioheliograph, both in total intensity (I-map) and in circular polarizations (V-map), are compared with the optical magnetograms obtained with the SMFT. The comparison between the radio map in circular polarization and the longitudinal photospheric magnetogram of a plage region suggest that the radio map in circular polarization is a kind of magnetogram of the upper chromosphere. The comparison of the radio map in total intensity with the photospheric vector magnetogram of an AR shows that the radio map in total intensity gives indications of magnetic loops in the corona, thus we have a method of defining the coronal magnetic structure from the radio I-maps at λ=1.76 cm. Analysing the I-maps, we identified three components: (a) a compact bright source; (b) a narrow elongated structure connecting two main magnetic islands of opposite polarities (observed in both the optical and radio magnetograms); (c) a wide, diffuse, weak component that corresponds to a wide structure in the solar active region which shows in most cases an S or a reversed S contour, which is probably due to the differential rotation of the Sun. The last two components suggest coronal loops on different spatial scales above the neutral line of the longitudinal photospheric magnetic field.     

与高能质子共生的两类太阳微波爆发(英)

在分析了近年来对太阳射电爆发与高能质子观测的基础上指出，既非II型也非米波IV型而是强微波爆发几乎总是同高能质子共生的；这一结果否定了以前长期所持的观点。同高能质子共生的微波爆发可分成两类：强脉冲型和强微波IV型，前者共生的被俘质子或相互作用质子要多于逃逸质子，后者则常共生有更多的逃逸质子．作者对每种情况中质子的有效加速过程进行了考虑，并对强微波爆发为何几乎总是有高能质子共生的缘由作了解释．     

太阳射电爆发现象中的电子回旋脉泽辐射

太阳射电爆发(Solar Radio Burst, SRB)是太阳高能电子与背景等离子体相互作用产生的感应辐射现象,其多样的动力学谱类型及其复杂的精细结构反映了辐射源区磁等离子体结构状态丰富的物理信息,而相关辐射机制则是解读相关物理信息的关键工具.长期以来,在SRB辐射机制的研究中一直存在着争议不决的两种主要机制,即等离子体辐射机制和电子回旋脉泽(Electron Cyclotron Maser, ECM)辐射机制.近年来,针对传统的ECM辐射机制应用到SRB现象时遇到的一些主要困难,发展了由幂律谱电子低能截止驱动和包含快电子束自生阿尔文波效应的新型ECM驱动模型,并成功应用于解释各类不同SRB动力学谱的形成机制.基于这些新型的ECM辐射模型,系统地总结了ECM辐射机制在各种不同类型SRB现象中的应用,并对它们不同动力学谱结构的形成给出了一致统一的物理解释.     

Observations of EUV and soft X-ray recurring jets in an active region

We present simultaneous observations of three recurring jets in EUV and soft X-ray (SXR), which occurred in an active region on 2007 June 5. By comparing their morphological and kinematic characteristics in these two different wavelengths, we found that EUV and SXR jets had similar locations, directions, sizes and velocities. We also analyzed their spectral properties by using six spectral lines from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard Hinode and found that these jets had temperatures from 0.05 to 2....     

日冕分米波射电甚短周期脉动的观测证据

利用国家天文台云南天文台“分米波(700—1500MHz)射电频谱仪”和“四波段太阳射电高时间分辨率同步观测系统”分别于2001年6月24日和1990年7月30日观测到了两个稀少事件，前者是一个小射电爆发，其上升相伴随有短周期(约29、40和100毫秒)的脉动，后者是一个射电大爆发，在2840MHz上产生了周期约30毫秒的射电脉动，还着重讨论其甚短周期(如29—40毫秒)的脉动现象，甚短周期脉动可能是归因于起源在日冕深处不稳定区域的哨声波束周期链对射电辐射的调制，或沉降电子束驱动的静电高混杂波，经由波-波非线性相互作用导致甚短周期的射电脉动。     

Are Homologous Radio Bursts Driven by Solar Post-Flare Loops？

Three particularly complex radio bursts (2001 October 19, 2001 April 10 and 2003 October 26) obtained with the spectrometers (0.65-7.6GHz) at the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC, Beijing and Yunnan) and other in- struments (NoRH, TRACE and SXT) are presented. They each have two groups of peaks occurring in different frequency ranges (broad-band microwave and narrow-band decimeter wavelengths). We stress that the second group of burst peaks that occurred in the late phase of the flares and associated with post-flare loops may be homologous radio bursts. We think that they are driven by the post-flare loops. In contrast to the time profiles of the radio bursts and the images of coronal magnetic polarities, we are able to find that the three events are caused by the active regions including main single-bipole magnetic structures, which are associated with multipole magnetic structures during the flare evolutions. In particular, we point out that the later decimetric radio bursts are possibly the radio counterparts of the homologous flares (called "homologous radio bursts" by us), which are also driven by the single-bipole mag- netic structures. By examining the evolutions of the magnetic polarities of sources (17GHz), we could presume that the drivers of the homologous radio bursts are new and/or recurring appearances/disappearances of the magnetic polarities of radio sources, and that the triggers are the magnetic reconnections of single-bipole configurations.     

无黑子耀斑的研究进展

太阳无黑子耀斑是太阳耀斑的特殊表现，无黑子耀斑的研究是太阳耀斑研究的重要组成部分。在本文中总结了太阳无黑子耀斑观测研究的以下几个方面的进展概况：自然产率，位置分布特征，观测与形态特征，触发机制能量来源，可能的解释模型。