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中国及其周邻地区中深源地震的活动特征分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据USGS最新的7万多条地震资料,分析了中国及其周邻地区的地震深度特征,特别是4个中深源震区的深度特征。结果表明:中国及其周邻四大中深源地震区多位于各板块的交界带上,地震活动强度最大的地区为吉林——日本深震区,其次为台湾中深震区,中印缅交界区和新疆——兴都库什中深震区的地震强度相当;并且后面两的地震频次在55km,110km和220km左右深度出现了多震层位式的高值;由深度资料推断板块间的作用方式来看,太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的挤压是一个由浅入深的过程,在不同的部位有不同的俯冲角度,印度板块向欧亚大陆的推挤,表现为前垂直插入后之中,俯冲现象不明显。 相似文献
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分析中国东北地区深震 (mb≥ 6 .0 )及浅震 (MS≥ 5 .0 )的成组性活动特征 ,研究了深震“强震组”与浅震“强震组”的时、空相关性。着重探讨了西太平洋板块与欧亚板块碰撞带的地震分布特征及其与西太平洋俯冲带形态的关系 ,并着重分析了西太平洋板块对欧亚板块地震活动的影响。结果表明 :西太平洋板块俯冲倾角小的地区 ,板块碰撞带地震活动强烈 ,板块俯冲对欧亚大陆的影响也较强 ,俯冲带处于较强的挤压应力状态 ;西太平洋板块俯冲倾角大的地区 ,板块碰撞带地震活动较弱 ,板块俯冲对欧亚大陆的影响也较弱 ,深部俯冲带引张应力增强。分析认为 ,未来 10年中国东北地区将进入浅震“强震组”活动时段 ,期间可能发生MS≥ 5 .0地震 6次左右 ,应加强东北地区的地震监测预报工作 相似文献
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自3 Ma至现今,在欧亚东缘太平洋、菲律宾海板块以较大速率朝NWW方向运动,并沿海沟向欧亚大陆俯冲;同时欧亚板块以较小速率朝SEE方向移动,构成双方向的板块汇聚格局.沿日本岛弧东侧,海洋板片以较小的倾角插入欧亚大陆下面,在浅部产生的挤压变形扩展到日本海东边缘.琉球岛弧的中、北部,菲律宾海俯冲板片的倾角较大,其西南段由NE向转变为EW向,正经历活动的海沟后退与弧后扩张.台湾是3种板块汇聚的交点:欧亚沿马尼拉海沟向东俯冲,吕宋弧与台湾碰撞,使台湾岛陆壳东西向缩短与隆升,形成年轻的造山带,菲律宾海板块沿琉球海沟的西南段向北俯冲到欧亚下面.位于南海与菲律宾海之间的菲律宾群岛是宽的变形过渡带,两侧被欧亚向东、菲律宾海向西俯冲夹击,中间是大型左旋走滑断层.总体上,现今时期的太平洋、菲律宾海板块的西向俯冲运动所产生的变形主要分布在俯冲板片内部及岛弧,未扩散到弧后地区,可能这种俯冲运动产生的水平应力较小,不能阻挡欧亚大陆的向东移动,对大陆内部的现今构造没有明显的影响. 相似文献
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利用1970~1998年的地震资料,研究了西太平洋Wadati Benioff带形态,发现各区域Wadati Benioff带的倾角与板块俯冲速度有关,俯冲速度越大,倾角越小;利用1976~2002年哈佛大学的震源机制资料,对各区域地震断层类型进行了统计,结果表明:地震断层类型也与俯冲速度有关,俯冲速度大的地区逆断层数量高达74髎以上,俯冲速度小的地区正断层数量上升到45髎左右;本文还探讨了西太平洋板块水平向运移的主动力方向,认为该方向为283°. 相似文献
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中国东北地区地震活动的动力背景及其时空特征分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文根据日本海沟、 西太平洋板块俯冲与中国东北地区深源地震的关系、 中国东北地区深源地震的平均震源机制结果以及日本海沟强震与中国东北地区浅源地震的关联性, 概述了中国东北地区地震活动的动力背景, 说明中国东北地区的深源地震与西太平洋板块俯冲具有成因上的联系, 中国东北深震是西太平洋板块高速度、 小倾角向欧亚大陆下俯冲的结果。 中国东北地区深源地震、 浅源地震的时空分布以及依据浅源地震的分期统计资料表明, 中国东北地区浅源地震经历了5个活动周期, 每个活动周期浅源地震的时空分布具有个性差异, 在此基础上, 分析了浅源地震每个活动周期结束地震时空分布特征, 发现每个活动周期结束地震前均经历了平均约4.19年的长时间平静, 结束地震以成对地震为主要表现形式。 相似文献
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板块构造的运动和动力学是地学研究的前沿课题.板块边缘强震是板块运动的直接结果.分析1982年日本茨城地震序列发现,震源断层面存在分阶段沿走向扩展、倾向调整的特殊图象.结合震源机制的走向、倾向以及滑动方向等资料,确认属于日本海沟下方的俯冲带逆冲地震.文中讨论了地震序列过程的成因,认为采用介于年尺度的空间大地测量结果与秒尺度的强震矩张量分析之间的地震序列时空分布研究,表明太平洋板块向欧亚板块局部下方俯冲的动态过程.根据地震平均错距和板块运动速度,推测近年当地可能再次发生强震. 相似文献
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环太平洋地震带在空间、时间和成因上与各类板块边界的地质构造活动密切相关.不同板块边界类型有不同的地震频度、强度、震源深度和分带性.我国东北部大陆边缘(吉林、黑龙江)属于日本深海沟消亡板块的一部份,并且位于深源地震亚带部份.鉴于沿日本岛弧系发生的深源和浅源地震之间存在着一种时间对应关系,所以我们可以利用日本岛弧发生的浅震来预测我国东北的深源地震. 相似文献
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As is known, the secular deceleration of the Earth's diurnal rotation is explained mainly by the tidal friction in the ocean. Below we consider this mechanism in some detail, taking into account also elastic deformations of the mantle under the action of ocean loading and the interaction between the tide-generating body, ocean tidal wave, liquid outer core, and solid inner core. It is shown that elastic displacements of the core-mantle boundary under the action of ocean loading are of about the same amplitude and phase as the elastic loading displacements of the Earth's outer surface. As a result, side by side with the mechanism of secular deceleration of diurnal rotation of the mantle, there are also (1) the opposite mechanism of secular acceleration of diurnal rotation of the outer liquid core and of the solid inner core and (2) the mechanism of excitation of differential rotation in the liquid core. Taking these effects into account, we compare theoretical and modern observed data on the eastward drift of the solid inner core. It is shown that the best agreement may be obtained if the turbulent viscosity of the liquid core is about 2 × 10
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Poise 相似文献
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The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth. 相似文献
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The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
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Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
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地震激励下处于深水中的桥墩和周围水体的相互作用将对桥梁结构的动力响应产生较大影响。首先对地震作用下水-桥墩的相互作用理论做了概括,给出了动水压力对桥墩的作用效应及各自的适用范围;对主要的三种考虑流固耦合效应的分析方法做了对比,探讨了地震作用下影响水-结构相互作用的主要因素,并对今后的研究提出了建议。 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献