Petrology and petrogenesis of the Mount Stuart batholith — Plutonic equivalent of the high-alumina basalt association?

The Mount Stuart batholith is a Late Cretaceous calc-alkaline pluton composed of rocks ranging in composition from two-pyroxene gabbro to granite. Quartz diorite is most abundant. This batholith may represent the plutonic counterpart of the high-alumina basalt association. A petrogenetic model is developed in which this intrusive series evolved from one batch of magnesian high-alumina basalt, represented by the oldest intrusive phase, by successive crystal fractionation of ascending residual magma. However, the possibility that this intrusive suite originated from an andésite (quartz diorite) parent by fractionation cannot be excluded.Computer modeling of this intrusive sequence provides a quantitative evaluation of the sequential change of magma composition. These calculations clearly indicate that the igneous suite is consanguineous, and that subtraction of early-formed crystals from the oldest rock is capable of reproducing the entire magma series with a remainder of 2–3% granitic liquid. This model requires that large amounts of gabbroic cumulate remain hidden at depth- an amount equal to approximately 8–10X the volume of the exposed batholith. Mass balances between the amounts of cumulate and residual liquid calculated compare favorably with the observed amounts of intermediate rocks exposed in the batholith, but not with the mafic rocks.Mafic magmas probably fractionated at depth by crystal settling, whereas younger quartz diorite and more granitic magmas underwent inward crystallization producing gradationally zoned plutons exposed at present erosional levels.     

Geochemistry of intrusive rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field,New Mexico,and contrasts between evolution of plutonic and volcanic rocks

Plutonic rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field comprise three groups: 1) 25 Ma high-level resurgent plutons composed of monzogranite and silicic metaluminous and peralkaline granite, 2) 23–25 Ma syenogranite, and alkali-feldspar granite intrusions emplaced along the southern caldera margin, and 3) 19–23 Ma granodiorite and granite plutons emplaced south of the caldera. Major-element compositions of both extrusive and intrusive suites in the Latir field are broadly similar; both suites include high-SiO₂ rocks with low Ba and Sr, and high Rb, Nb, Th, and U contents. Moreover, both intermediateto siliciccomposition volcanic and plutonic rocks contain abundant accessory sphene and apatite, rich in rare-earth elements (REE), as well as phases in which REE's are essential components. Strong depletion in Y and REE contents, with increasing SiO₂ content, in the plutonic rocks indicate a major role for accessory mineral fractionation that is not observed in volcanic rocks of equivalent composition. Considerations of the rheology of granitic magma suggest that accessory-mineral fractionation may occur primarily by filter-pressing evolved magmas from crystal-rich melts. More limited accessory-mineral crystallization and fractionation during evolution of the volcanic magmas may have resulted from markedly lower diffusivities of essential trace elements than major elements. Accessory-mineral fractionation probably becomes most significant at high crystallinities. The contrast in crystallization environments postulated for the extrusive and intrusive rocks may be common to other magmatic systems; the effects are particularly pronounced in highly evolved rocks of the Latir field. High-SiO₂ peralkaline porphyry emplaced during resurgence of the Questa caldera represents non-erupted portions of the magma that produced the Amalia Tuff during caldera-forming eruption. The peralkaline porphyry continues compositional and mineralogical trends found in the tuff. Amphibole, mica, and sphene compositions suggest that the peralkaline magma evolved from metaluminous magma. Extensive feldspar fractionation occurred during evolution of the peralkaline magmas, but additional alkali and iron enrichment was likely a result of high halogen fluxes from crystallizing plutons and basaltic magmas at depth.     

青海南山当家寺花岗岩体与晚三叠世脉岩及其对早中生代构造环境的约束

当家寺花岗岩体是青海南山印支期花岗岩带中东部较大的一个岩体,形成于早三叠世(243.5±2.9 Ma、247.2±1.7 Ma)—中三叠世(240.1±2.1 Ma、241.0±2.6 Ma)。岩体内发育有众多的中-酸性脉岩,岩石类型主要为闪长玢岩、石英闪长玢岩、花岗斑岩等,本研究获得闪长玢岩脉LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(235.6±2.4 Ma),表明其形成于晚三叠世早期,稍晚于当家寺岩体侵位时限。脉岩作为一种浅成侵入体,其与当家寺花岗岩体分布的构造位置相似,矿物组成及地球化学特征具有近似的特点,说明二者岩石成因及构造背景类似,可能为同一源区壳-幔岩浆混合作用的产物。岩石地球化学分析表明中性脉岩SiO₂含量低(54.68%~64.75%),酸性脉岩SiO₂含量高(66.00%~77.13%),二者都具高铝(Al₂O₃=12.24%~17.11%)、高钾钙碱性准铝质-弱铝质的特点(A/CNK=0.85~1.04),具有典型的岛弧花岗岩和碰撞花岗岩的特征。脉岩富集LREE、Rb、Th、K,亏损HREE、Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Ba,(La/Yb)_N=5.05~17.61,表现出中等强度Eu的负异常。综合分析认为,脉岩形成于晚三叠世共和裂谷闭合碰撞造山后构造环境由挤压向板内稳定-伸展的变迁阶段,指示晚三叠世早期共和盆地周缘已进入后碰撞的陆内环境。     

辽宁西丰一带侵入岩形成环境和成因探讨

西丰一带侵入岩即以前所说的西丰大岩体,是布列亚-张广才岭巨型花岗岩带组成部分.该巨型花岗岩带记录了造山带从古亚洲洋板块开始俯冲、洋盆闭合到增生造山演化过程的基本信息.现在已经将规模宏大的西丰大岩体进行了详细解体,重新归并成4个侵入期次,划分为11个侵入序次,统称辽宁省西丰一带侵入岩.在详细解体、重新归并和划分的基础上,进一步探讨了各序次侵入岩形成的温压条件、构造环境、物质来源与成因.早二叠世第一序次、第二序次侵入岩以及中侏罗世第一序次侵入岩为I型花岗岩,晚白垩世第三序次(闪长玢岩)也为I型,主要物质来源是地壳中岩浆岩重熔的成分.其余各序次侵入岩均为S型花岗岩,主要物质来源是地壳中沉积岩重熔的成分.西丰一带,早二叠世第一个序次侵入岩为火山弧型深成岩,早二叠世第二个序次侵入岩为火山弧型与同碰撞型的过渡类型.早二叠世第三序次至中侏罗世第各序次侵入岩和晚白垩世各序次侵入岩为同碰撞型和碰撞后型花岗岩.这些特征与古亚洲洋晚期的消减、闭合和增生造山演化序列基本吻合.     

福建武平岩基岩石谱系单位划分

根据近几年来在１：５万区调中采用岩石谱系单位新理论、新方法填图的成果,以及岩石成分、结构构造特征、群居关系、侵入接触类型等,将过去１：２０万区调均划属燕山早期黑云母花岗岩及细粒花岗岩的武平岩体,解体为志留纪、晚三叠世、侏罗纪、白垩纪等不同时代深成岩体,划分出中（基）性、中酸性及酸性岩等岩石类型。圈定深成岩体４０个,独立侵入体１５个,共３３个单元,归并为６个超单元,５个独立单元。并认为志留纪侵入岩浆     

辽宁花坤头营子旋卷构造中侵入岩特征与构造演化的关系

花坤头营子侵入岩是花坤头营子旋卷构造的重要组成部分,共分出4个侵入体,分别为早石炭世辉绿岩、早三叠世闪长岩、中侏罗世二长花岗岩、早白垩世花岗斑岩,最晚还有一期流纹斑岩脉侵入.岩浆来源除早石炭世辉绿岩来自上地幔,余下几个序次来源于下地壳,并熔融了部分陆壳物质.以被动就位机制为特征.     

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的时空序列及其对成矿时限的约束

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田火成岩的主要岩石类型有花岗岩、花岗斑岩、花岗闪长岩（石英闪长岩）、花岗闪长斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、英安斑岩和凝灰岩等。本文共进行了14件火成岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,其中大冲石英闪长岩侵位于海西期二叠纪（（256.8±2.0）Ma）,糯垌岩体（（152.6±1.2）Ma）和广平岩体（（152.9±2.9）Ma）形成于燕山早期晚侏罗世,花岗斑岩、少斑花岗斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩、英安斑岩和火山角砾凝灰岩形成于燕山晚期早白垩世（约100 Ma）。结合前人的研究成果及14件火成岩样品的测年结果,构建该区火成岩的年代学序列,确定其侵位时代主要集中在志留纪（约440 Ma）、二叠纪末期（约256 Ma）、晚侏罗世（约152 Ma）、早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。根据佛子冲铅锌矿的空间展布、矿体特征以及与火成岩的关系,确定花岗斑岩为成矿地质体,进而限定其成矿时代为早白垩世晚期（约100 Ma）。     

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体成因探讨

小兴安岭东南晚奥陶世鹤林侵入杂岩体岩性变化较大,由角闪辉长岩—(石英)闪长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩组成,不同岩石类型在野外宏观上呈相互侵入、包裹和渐变的接触关系;在(石英)闪长岩、英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩中均发育微细粒闪长质包体,包体多具明显塑性流变特点的浑圆外形和典型岩浆结构、针状磷灰石及捕获的寄主岩钾长石、石英斑晶,为MME型岩浆混合成因包体;杂岩体相对富集LILE(Ba、Sr、Rb)、HFS(U、Th、Zr、Ce)元素等,显示出壳源特点,而较高的εNd(t)值(-2.38~-3.77)显示以幔源为主的特点。研究表明杂岩体具明显的壳幔岩浆混合成因的岩相学、岩石化学和地球化学特征,形成于基性岩浆底侵作用下的陆缘弧型活动大陆边缘构造环境。     

北淮阳金寨—苏仙石地区中生代花岗岩类岩石学及地球化学特征

位于大别山北麓的北淮阳金寨—苏仙石地区广泛发育花岗岩类侵入岩，同位素年龄为１４０～９７Ｍａ，时代属Ｊ３—Ｋ１。根据侵入岩的地质、岩石学和岩石地球化学特征，将本区侵入岩划分为３个超单元（包括１０个单元）和３个独立单元，分属中性岩和酸性岩两大类，岩石类型有闪长岩、二长岩和花岗岩等。根据岩石化学的判别结果，侵入岩均属亚碱性系列中的钙碱性岩石，并属于普通型和钾质型     

Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic Intrusions Distribution in the North Sanjiang Orogenic Belt, Southwest China: Evidence from Zircon U–Pb Dating and Geochemistry

A mosaic of terranes or blocks and associated Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic sutures are characteristics of the north Sanjiang orogenic belt (NSOB). A detailed field study and sampling across the three magmatic belts in north Sanjiang orogenic belt, which are the Jomda–Weixi magmatic belt, the Yidun magmatic belt and the Northeast Lhasa magmatic belt, yield abundant data that demonstrate multiphase magmatism took place during the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic. 9 new zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb ages and 160 published geochronological data have identified five continuous episodes of magma activities in the NSOB from the Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic: the Late Permian to Early Triassic (c. 261–230 Ma); the Middle to Late Triassic (c. 229–210 Ma); the Early to Middle Jurassic (c. 206–165 Ma); the Early Cretaceous (c. 138–110 Ma) and the Late Cretaceous (c. 103–75 Ma). 105 new and 830 published geochemical data reveal that the intrusive rocks in different episodes have distinct geochemical compositions. The Late Permian to Early Triassic intrusive rocks are all distributed in the Jomda–Weixi magmatic belt, showing arc–like characteristics; the Middle to Late Triassic intrusive rocks widely distributed in both Jomda–Weixi and Yidun magmatic belts, also demonstrating volcanic–arc granite features; the Early to Middle Jurassic intrusive rocks are mostly exposed in the easternmost Yidun magmatic belt and scattered in the westernmost Yangtza Block along the Garzê–Litang suture, showing the properties of syn–collisional granite; nearly all the Early Cretaceous intrusive rocks distributed in the NE Lhasa magmatic belt along Bangong suture, exhibiting both arc–like and syn–collision–like characteristics; and the Late Cretaceous intrusive rocks mainly exposed in the westernmost Yidun magmatic belt, with A–type granite features. These suggest that the co–collision related magmatism in Indosinian period developed in the central and eastern parts of NSOB while the Yanshan period co–collision related magmatism mainly occurred in the west area. In detail, the earliest magmatism developed in late Permian to Triassic and formed the Jomda–Wei magmatic belt, then magmatic activity migrated eastwards and westwards, forming the Yidun magmatic bellt, the magmatism weakend at the end of late Triassic, until the explosure of the magmatic activity occurred in early Cretaceous in the west NSOB, forming the NE Lhasa magmatic belt. Then the magmatism migrated eastwards and made an impact on the within–plate magmatism in Yidun magmatic belt in late Cretaceous.     

Geochemistry and origin of hornblende‐bearing xenoliths in the I‐type Petford Granite,North‐East Queensland

Hornblende‐bearing xenoliths in the I‐type Petford Granite, north‐east Queensland, show an abundance pattern suggesting redistribution in a convecting magma system and were probably carried up with the host magma. The Petford Granite and xenoliths are chemically cognate, but quartz monzodiorite‐granodiorite bodies (a potential source for the xenoliths) in the adjacent country rocks belong to an independent magma suite. The xenoliths are chemically similar to andesite lavas and dykes 90 km to the NW. They represent fragments of the parental andesite (diorite) of a calcalkaline suite, which fractionated to yield the Petford Granite. They are not source rocks for the granite melt, melt residua, or early cumulates. The fractionated granite melt broke through the earlier envelope of diorite and rose into the upper crust, carrying dioritic fragments with it. Interaction between magma and xenoliths was generally minimal.     

Diorites and associated rocks in the Anglem Complex at The Neck, northeastern Stewart Island, New Zealand: an example of magma mingling

Exposures of the Anglem Complex (Cretaceous) at The Neck, northeastern Stewart Island consist dominantly of diorite, microdiorite, tonalite and granite. Dyke-rocks include microgranite, microdiorite, andesite and microgranodiorite.

A Diorite Suite composed of hornblende gabbro, diorite and quartz-bearing diorite forms a complex association of basic to intermediate lithologies with highly variable grainsize. The Heterogeneous Suite formed in part by mingling of diorite and tonalite intrudes the Diorite Suite. Enclaves within this suite show highly variable margins, from sharp sometimes crenulated and apparently chilled contacts, through to diffuse contacts. Prior to, and during intrusion of this heterogeneous magma, significant textural modifications of dioritic enclaves occurred, and some important controls on this modification process are discussed. Aspects considered include contrasts between the host melt and enclaves in temperature, viscosity, chemistry, volatile content, deformation and recrystallisation. A liquid immiscibility model is discounted in favour of the magma mingling model. Subsequent intrusion of granite was followed by a porphyritic microgranodiorite. Microdiorite and microgranite dykes intrude all of the above rocks with the exception of the microgranodiorite. Coexisting microdiorite, microgranite, and composite microdiorite-microgranite dykes in the one dyke swarm also provide compelling evidence for magma mingling.     

江苏赣榆城头地区中生代侵入岩岩石谱系单位划分

城头地区中生代侵入体经地面调查和对比分析,初步建立了夹山、朱苍２序列共７个单元,其矿物成分、结构构造、岩石化学、地球化学特征有一定的演化规律,根据同位素年龄及区域地质资料,确定夹山序列为早白垩世侵入岩,朱苍序列为晚侏罗世或更早的侵入岩,两个序列皆属Ⅰ型花岗岩,岩浆来源初步认为是上地幔与下部地壳经同熔作用的产物,侵位机制为受北东向构造控制的被动式侵位。     

西拉沐伦钼矿带半拉山斑岩钼矿床花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年及其地质意义

半拉山斑岩钼矿床是大兴安岭南段中生代西拉沐伦钼矿带中重要的钼矿床之一。矿床产于晚侏罗世火山岩中,矿区发育中生代侵入杂岩,侵入岩主要包括花岗闪长岩、闪长岩及花岗斑岩。矿床形成与侵入杂岩岩浆演化晚期岩浆活动有关。花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年表明,与成矿有关的晚期花岗斑岩侵位于(132.1±1.8) Ma。这表明,半拉山钼矿化发生在早白垩世,形成于中国东部岩石圈减薄构造环境。结合已有资料分析,认为大兴安岭南段除铅锌银铁铜等矿床之外,在白垩纪发生过重要的钼矿成矿作用,与白垩纪花岗斑岩有关的钼矿化是今后重要的找矿方向。     

黑龙江258高地金矿区侵入岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

258高地金矿床地处黑龙江省完达山成矿带东部,矿化与岩浆侵入活动密切相关。文章利用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法,对258高地金矿区的二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长玢岩进行了年代学研究,获得258金矿区花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄为(118.3±1.1)Ma;3件二长花岗岩样品的成岩年龄分别为(130.5±0.8)Ma、(122.1±0.7)Ma、(118.0±0.9)Ma;2件闪长玢岩的成岩年龄分别为(119.5±1.3)Ma、(107.4±2.2)Ma,表明本区中酸性岩体侵位时代介于131~107 Ma,与西太平洋构造域的早白垩世演化有关。定年结果同时表明矿区存在3期岩浆活动,其中122~118 Ma的二长花岗岩与花岗闪长岩、闪长玢岩的年龄在误差范围内一致,且与金矿成矿关系密切。岩石地球化学显示区内的中酸性侵入岩均为高钾钙碱性过铝质岩石,花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩具有重熔型岩浆岩的特征,可能是加厚地壳物质部分熔融的产物;闪长玢岩脉具有典型壳幔源岛弧岩浆岩的特点。综合研究认为258高地金矿床形成于与板块俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘环境。     

The Petrological and Geochemical Evolution of Ediacaran Rare-Metal Bearing A-type Granites from the Jabal Aja Complex, Northern Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia

New fieldwork, mineralogical and geochemical data and interpretations are presented for the rare-metal bearing A-type granites of the Aja intrusive complex(AIC) in the northern segment of the Arabian Shield. This complex is characterized by discontinuous ring-shaped outcrops cut by later faulting. The A-type rocks of the AIC are late Neoproterozoic post-collisional granites, including alkali feldspar granite, alkaline granite and peralkaline granite. They represent the outer zones of the AIC, surrounding a core of older rocks including monzogranite, syenogranite and granophyre granite. The sharp contacts between A-type granites of the outer zone and the different granitic rocks of the inner zone suggest that the AIC was emplaced as different phases over a time interval, following complete crystallization of earlier batches. The A-type granites represent the late intrusive phases of the AIC, which were emplaced during tectonic extension, as shown by the emplacement of dykes synchronous with the granite emplacement and the presence of cataclastic features. The A-type granites consist of K-feldspars, quartz, albite, amphiboles and sodic pyroxene with a wide variety of accessory minerals, including Fe-Ti oxides, zircon, allanite, fluorite, monazite, titanite, apatite, columbite, xenotime and epidote. They are highly evolved(71.3–75.8 wt% SiO_2) and display the typical geochemical characteristics of post-collisional, within-plate granites. They are rare-metal granites enriched in total alkalis, Nb, Zr, Y, Ga, Ta, REE with low CaO, MgO, Ba, and Sr. Eu-negative anomalies(Eu/Eu* = 0.17–0.37) of the A-type granites reflect extreme magmatic fractionation and perhaps the effects of late fluid-rock interactions. The chemical characteristics indicate that the A-type granites of the AIC represent products of extreme fractional crystallization involving alkali feldspar, quartz and, to a lesser extent, ferromagnesian minerals. The parent magma was derived from the partial melting of a juvenile crustal protolith with a mantle contribution. Accumulation of residual volatile-rich melt and exsolved fluids in the late stage of the magma evolution produced pegmatite and quartz veins that cut the peripheries of the AIC. Post-magmatic alteration related to the final stages of the evolution of the A-type granitic magma, indicated by alterations of sodic amphibole and sodic pyroxene, hematitization and partial albitization.     

铜陵矿集区舒家店矿区正长花岗岩的年代学和地球化学特征及其指示意义

舒家店岩体位于长江中下游成矿带中部的铜陵断隆区,与繁昌断凹区(盆地)临近,主要的岩浆岩岩石类型有辉石闪长岩、石英闪长斑岩和花岗闪长岩等。正长花岗岩为舒家店岩体深部新发现的岩石类型,其矿物组合与岩体内其他类型岩石明显不同,其形成的背景存在争议。本文通过对岩体中正长花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP MS精确定年、Hf同位素和地球化学组成分析,研究舒家店岩体正长花岗岩的年代学、岩浆源区等问题。研究显示舒家店岩体为"异源同体"的复式岩体,岩体中的正长花岗岩的侵入时间为126.5±1.6Ma~129.8±2.4Ma,明显晚于早期的辉石闪长岩和石英闪长斑岩(138.2±4.6Ma~143.7±1.7Ma),也明显晚于舒家店斑岩型铜矿床的形成时代。全岩元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成指示舒家店岩体中正长花岗岩为叠加到早期辉石闪长岩及石英闪长斑岩之上的后期岩浆活动的产物,可能与繁昌盆地内花岗岩有相同的源区,为新元古代新生地壳(类似新元古花岗岩)部分熔融的产物,其岩浆源区处于高温低压的环境,相较于辉石闪长岩和石英闪长斑岩起源更浅,指示长江中下游成矿带在145~123Ma地壳处于不断减薄的过程。     

Successive mixing and mingling of magmas in a plutonic complex of Northeast Brazil

Field and petrographic evidence together with major element geochemistry suggest that mixing and mingling of magmas of contrasting compositions were important petrogenetic processes in the Fazenda Nova/Serra da Japeganga plutonic complex of Northeast Brazil. The complex was emplaced at pressures of 300–500 MPa in amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks of Neoproterozoic age and consists of three main rock types: (1) coarse-grained granite; (2) porphyritic granite and (3) diorite to quartz-monzodiorite. The latter two make up the Fazenda Nova batholith which is located on the northwestern side of the sinistral, NE-trending, Fazenda Nova strike-slip shear zone. NE-plunging stretching lineations in the shear zone suggest that this batholith represents an uplifted, and therefore deeper, portion of the complex. The structure of the complex reflects the stratigraphy in a magma chamber, with the porphyritic granite above the diorite and below the coarse-grained granite.

The porphyritic granite has a uniform composition, intermediate in mafic mineral content, quartz, and majorelements between the coarse-grained granite and the diorite. It is free of disequilibrium mineral assemblages, and locally displays gradational contacts with the overlain coarse-grained granite. Most elements display linear correlation with SiO₂ in Harker diagrams. These features are interpreted as resulting from mixing of almost crystal-free felsic and intermediate magmas. Fluid dynamic calculations using the coarse-grained granite and the silica-poorest diorite as end-members in the mixing process show that mechanical mixing was possible, and thermal modelling suggests that the formation of an homogeneous hybrid may have been achieved in less than 50,000 yr.

The diorites contain corroded K-feldspar megacrysts, and range in composition from low to relatively high silica contents, partly overlapping with the porphyritic granite. This suggests that a new mixing event occurred during the crystallisation of the porphyritic granite, this time producing a heterogeneous, xenocryst-bearing, dioritic hybrid. Abundant enclaves of diorite in the porphyritic granite, despite their textural diversity, are typically devoid of chilled margins, and were therefore formed relatively early in the crystallisation history of the granite. They are interpreted as liquid droplets separated from the heterogeneous hybrid magma through convection currents and incorporated in the, crystallising granitic magma.

Subsequently, during the crystallisation of the porphyritic granite, mafic magma supply to the batholith continued at a declining rate, probably assisted by the development of the Fazenda Nova shear zone. This leads to the production of stromatitic-like structures, with alternating bands of mutually contaminated granite and diorite, then to the intrusion of contorted synplutonic dykes, and, finally, of late-stage dykes, some of which with chilled finer-grained margins.     

智利科皮亚波GV地区侵入岩地球化学及年代学研究

智利北中部科皮亚波GV地区位于中生代铁氧化物铜金(IOCG)矿床与斑岩铜矿过渡带。侵入岩体主要为辉长闪长岩、闪长岩、闪长斑岩、黑云母花岗岩、斑状花岗岩和二长岩。岩石地球化学特征说明该侵入岩体属于钙碱性、I型或磁铁矿系列,来源于深部上地幔。推测这些岩浆岩岩石组合形成于洋壳俯冲带,局部扩张与挤压转换导致弧后盆地萎缩封闭并快速抬升。岩浆侵入具有多期次活动,形成了多期次热液活动中心,并发育面型与脉带型蚀变矿化分带,地表具有寻找大型IOCG矿床前景。地表泥化-绿泥石-多孔状硅化网脉和含金银多金属铁锰碳酸盐化网脉发育,含金银多金属网脉状-带状和面型蚀变区揭示地表有浅成低温热液型金银多金属矿床;深部具有寻找隐伏斑岩型铜金矿床前景。今后需在该区加强蚀变矿化分带规律研究,进行深部找矿预测。     

鄂东南地区鄂城岩体的时代、成因及其对成矿作用的指示

鄂城岩体位于鄂东南地区的最北部,是鄂东南地区的六大岩体之一.在该岩体的南缘接触带上产出了长江中下游地区最大的矽卡岩型铁矿床——程潮铁矿床.众多研究表明,程潮铁矿化与鄂城杂岩体的岩浆演化密切相关,然而目前对于成矿作用究竟是与花岗质岩还是闪长质岩有关仍存在争议.通过对鄂城杂岩体开展系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究,结果表明该岩体主要由花岗岩、石英二长岩、花岗斑岩以及小面积的闪长岩组成,最早侵位于140±1 Ma（中粒闪长岩）,之后依次侵位形成了细粒闪长岩（132±2 Ma）、花岗斑岩（130±2 Ma）、花岗岩（中细粒花岗岩129±2 Ma,中粒花岗岩129±1 Ma）和石英二长岩（129±1 Ma）.根据全岩地球化学特征,鄂城杂岩体的岩石组成大致可以分为两组:（1）花岗岩类,包括花岗岩、花岗斑岩和角闪石英二长岩,钾质,具有高SiO₂,低TiO₂、FeO_t、MnO、MgO含量等特征;（2）闪长岩类,包括中、细粒闪长岩,钠质,具有低SiO₂,高TiO₂、FeO_t、MnO、MgO含量等特征.这些岩石均富集轻稀土元素（LREE）和大离子亲石元素（LILE,如Rb、Th等）,亏损高场强元素（HFSE,如Nb、P、Ti）等,且花岗岩类具明显的负Eu异常,而闪长岩类则无此特征.在同位素组成方面,鄂城花岗岩类具有较负的全岩ε_Nd（t）值（-11.7~-10.1）和锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-22.91~-9.83）,闪长岩类则具有稍高的全岩ε_Nd（t）值（-7.6）和锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-12.04~-4.69）.元素和同位素地球化学特征共同表明,鄂城花岗岩类属于高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩,且主要来源于古元古代基底物质的部分熔融作用,源区可能有少量幔源物质的加入;闪长岩类主要来源于富集岩石圈地幔,且经历了一定的分离结晶作用.年代学结果显示,鄂城花岗岩类和细粒闪长岩的侵位时间均与程潮铁矿床的主成矿期吻合.结合野外接触关系以及前人的研究,程潮铁矿化可能与上述两类岩石均密切相关.从整个鄂东南地区的成矿作用来看,随着岩浆源区壳源物质贡献的增大以及岩浆分异程度的增加,岩浆作用与铁矿化的关系也更加密切.