羌塘中部晚三叠世双壳类动物群落取代

羌塘中部各拉丹冬地区晚三叠世发育四个双壳动物群落,群落在时间上演替取代的主要控制因素为海水深度,早期以突变为主,晚期以渐变为特征,具浅-深-浅的变化特征;横向变化与陆源碎屑供应量和沉积环境的差异密切相关。个体生活习性和岩性、岩相组合特征研究表明,Quemocuomegalodon orientus-Neomegalodon bo-eckhi群落（Q-NCOM.）生态位相当于BA2底栖组合生态域;Halobia superbescens-Halobia disperseinsecta群落（H-HCOM.）生态位相当于BA4底栖组合生态域;Amonotis togtonheensis-Cardium（Tulongocardium）xizan-gensis群落（A-CCOM.）生态位相当于BA3底栖组合生态域;Cardium（Tulongcardium）martini-Trigonia（Kumatrigonia）hukxilensis群落（C-TCOM.）生态位相当于BA2底栖组合生态域。本文为区域上地层对比及生物生存环境提供了基础资料。     

Channelized debris‐flow deposits and their impact on turbidity currents: The Puchkirchen axial channel belt in the Austrian Molasse Basin

Deposits of submarine debris flows can build up substantial topography on the sea floor. The resulting sea floor morphology can strongly influence the pathways of and deposition from subsequent turbidity currents. Map views of sea floor morphology are available for parts of the modern sea floor and from high‐resolution seismic‐reflection data. However, these data sets usually lack lithological information. In contrast, outcrops provide cross‐sectional and lateral stratigraphic details of deep‐water strata with superb lithological control but provide little information on sea floor morphology. Here, a methodology is presented that extracts fundamental lithological information from sediment core and well logs with a novel calibration between core, well‐logs and seismic attributes within a large submarine axial channel belt in the Tertiary Molasse foreland basin, Austria. This channel belt was the course of multiple debris‐flow and turbidity current events, and the fill consists of interbedded layers deposited by both of these processes. Using the core‐well‐seismic calibration, three‐dimensional lithofacies proportion volumes were created. These volumes enable the interpretation of the three‐dimensional distribution of the important lithofacies and thus the investigation of sea floor morphology produced by debris‐flow events and its impact on succeeding turbidite deposition. These results show that the distribution of debris‐flow deposits follows a relatively regular pattern of levées and lobes. When subsequent high‐density turbidity currents encountered this mounded debris‐flow topography, they slowed and deposited a portion of their sandy high‐density loads just upstream of morphological highs. Understanding the depositional patterns of debris flows is key to understanding and predicting the location and character of associated sandstone accumulations. This detailed model of the filling style and the resulting stratigraphic architecture of a debris‐flow dominated deep‐marine depositional system can be used as an analogue for similar modern and ancient systems.