SmNd,RbSr and ThUPb zircon ages of syn- and post-tectonic granitoids from the Axum area of northern Ethiopia

SmNd, RbSr and ThUPb zircon ages for four syn-tectonic and two post-tectonic granitoids from the Axum area of northern Ethiopia are determined. Two of the syn-tectonic granitoids (the Azeho and Deset) are intrusions into structurally southeast facing, predominantly tholeiitic arc metavolcanics and associated metasediments situated west of the central steep zone in the area. The other two syn-tectonic granitoids (the Chila and Rama) are intrusions into structurally northwest facing metasediments and calc-alkaline metavolcanics at the eastern part of the steep zone. One of the post-tectonic granites (the Sibta Granite) occurs west of the central steep zone and the second (the Shire Granite) cuts the central steep zone. Preliminary geochemical data of all the granitoids show that they are enriched in large ion lithophile elements, depleted in high field strength elements and have 1-type characteristics, similar to calc-alkaline granitoids in subduction-related volcanic arc setting. The geochronological data indicate three discrete intrusive events: ∼800 Ma to the east of the central steep zone, ∼750 Ma to the west and a post-tectonic intrusion at around 550 Ma. The ∼-750 and ∼800 Ma ages of the intrusives are interpreted as minimum ages of arc magmatism in the respective blocks across the central steep zone, and the ∼550 Ma age of the post-tectonic granites records the final magmatic event in the region. The contrast of age across the central steep zone emphasises that this zone is a major structural element that might have played a significant role during the accretion of structurally and lithologically contrasting tectonostratigraphical blocks.     

Origin of continental crust of 1.9-1.7 Ga age: Nd isotopes and U-Pb zircon ages in the Svecokarelian terrain of South Finland

Initial Nd isotopic ratios are reported for 23 samples representing magmatic crustal components in the Svecokarelian terrain of South Finland. U-Pb zircon ages are determined for all geologic units, involving 21 separate upper concordia intercept ages based on more than 100 UP-b analyses. The ages range for all the rocks from 1.90 Ga for primitve plutonic rocks to 1.79 Ga for post-tectonic intrusions. The well-known gabbro-diorite-tonalite-trondhjemite association of the Kalanti district appears to consist of components with different ages: trondhjemites are probably 1.90 Ga or older, diorites/tonalites belong to the main Svecokarelian plutonic eposide at 1.89-1.87 Ga, and at least some gabbro has a post-tectonic age of 1.80 Ga. _Nd (T) values range between +2 to +3 for meta-andesites, large gabbros and primitive granitoids to –0.5 for more evolved granitoids. A magma source with _Nd of at least +2 to +3 was available during 1.90 to 1.87 Ga, but evolved granitoids have _Nd close to zero. The preferred interpretation is that depleted mantle with _Nd=+4 to +5 was present beneath the Svecokarelian crust forming during 1.9-1.8 Ga, and that all rocks have been affected more or less by addition of an Archean crustal component with _Nd=–9 to –13. The primitive rocks with _Nd=+2 to + 3 were only slightly affected, while granitoids with _Nd close to zero include a 10% Archean component. The widespread nature of the Archean addition and the distance of up to 500 km to actual exposed Archean crust make it most realistic that the Archean component was added to the form of sediments delivered by subducting Proterozoic ocean crust. The plutonic rocks of the Finnish Svecokarelian crust in areas away from Archean cratons consist of 90% newly mantle-derived material.     

U---Pb and Rb---Sr systematics in a polyorogenic segment of the Precambrian shield, central southern Norway

U---Pb analyses of zircon, monazite and sphene as well as Rb---Sr analyses of whole rocks and minerals have been carried out in an attempt to elucidate the evolution of the Precambrian shield underlying the Caledonian Jotun-nappe in central southern Norway. The earliest event recognized in the area is a high grade metamorphism at 1518 ± 17 m.y. which followed intense magma formation, igneous activity, erosion and sedimentation over a period of maximum 300 m.y. The Sveconorwegian cycle is characterized by the intrusion of two anatectic magma generations at 1014 ± 35 m.y. and 930±10 m.y. that disturbed and partly reset the isotopic systems of the country rocks. A post-magmatic fracturing stage at 875 m.y. concludes this cycle. Rb---Sr mineral systems were not completely equilibrated in the undeformed shield during the Caledonian event in contrast to new grown minerals in strongly deformed overlying Lower Paleozoic sediments which record the main deformation at 384±18 m.y. Zircon lower intercept ages ranging between 330–370 m.y. show that lead loss of zircon in rocks subjected to low grade metamorphic conditions may be the result of such processes as annealing, alteration, dilation or a combination of them.     

内蒙古达茂旗花岗岩类LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

对内蒙古达茂旗北部构造单元的巴特敖包岛弧带2个花岗闪长岩岩体样品和南部构造单元一个花岗岩岩体的2件样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年。北部构造单元采自2个花岗闪长岩岩体的样品锆石206Pb/238U年龄分别为468Ma±2Ma和452Ma±3Ma,代表了这2个岩体的侵位时间,表明古亚洲洋向华北克拉通之下俯冲不晚于468Ma±2Ma;南部构造单元采自同一花岗岩岩体的2件样品获得的锆石206Pb/238U年龄分别为268Ma±2Ma和264Ma±2Ma,和该单元西部岩体已有的锆石年龄相符。这为华北克拉通北缘岩浆作用研究提供了新的年代学证据。     

内蒙古达茂旗花岗岩类LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb年龄及其地质意义

对内蒙古达茂旗北部构造单元的巴特敖包岛弧带2个花岗闪长岩岩体样品和南部构造单元一个花岗岩岩体的2件样品进行了LA—ICP-MS锆石u—Pb定年。北部构造单元采自2个花岗闪长岩岩体的样品锆石^206Pb／^238U年龄分别为468Ma±2Ma和452Ma±2Ma,代表了这2个岩体的侵位时间,表明古亚洲洋向华北克拉通之下俯冲不晚于468Ma±2Ma;南部构造单元采自同一花岗岩岩体的2件样品获得的锆石~pb／z38U年龄分别为268Ma±2Ma和264Ma±2Ma,和该单元西部岩体已有的锆石年龄相符。这为华北克拉通北缘岩浆作用研究提供了新的年代学证据。     

Geochemistry and early Palaeogene SHRIMP zircon ages for island arc granitoids of the Sierra Maestra, southeastern Cuba

The Palaeogene volcanic arc successions of the Sierra Maestra, southeastern Cuba, were intruded by calc-alkaline, low- to medium-K tonalites and trondhjemites during the final stages of subduction and subsequent collision of the Caribbean oceanic plate with the North American continental plate. U-Pb SHRIMP zircon dating of five granitoids yielded ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U emplacement ages between 60.5±2.2 and 48.3±0.5 Ma. The granitoids are the result of subduction-related magmatism and have geochemical characteristics similar to those of magmas from intra-oceanic island-arcs such as the Izu Bonin-Mariana arc and the New Britain island arc, Lesser Antilles. Major and trace element patterns suggest evolution of these rocks from a single magmatic source. Geochemical features characterize these rocks as typical subduction-related granitoids as found worldwide in intra-oceanic arcs, and they probably formed through fractional crystallization of mantle-derived low- to medium-K basalt.     

Magma-country rock interaction and the genesis of Ni-Cu deposits in the Vammala Nickel Belt,SW Finland

Summary Ultramafic cumulate bodies in the Vammala Nickel Belt, some of which host small magmatic Ni-Cu sulphide deposits, are remnants of synorogenic intrusions that were emplaced into the early Proterozoic Svecofennian arc terrane and became progressively boudinaged by continuing tectonic movements.Mineral and sulphide compositions of mineralised Svecofennian intrusions require that sedimentary sulphides (0.5 wt.% Zn; Se/S 100 x 10^–6) played an important role in ore genesis. It is proposed that when ascending magmas encountered sedimentary formations containing abundant sulphidic black schists, they assimilated external sulphur, which led to the formation of an immiscible sulphide phase in the magma. The high Zn contents of interstitial sulphides (280-450 ppm) and liquidus chrome spinels (0.7–1.0 wt.%) indicate that the parental magma contained much more Zn than conventional assimilation processes would allow. Probably, S and Zn were selectively transferred by C-O-H-S fluids from the black schists into the cooling magma. Desulphidisation (involving conversion of pyrite to pyrrhotite) in the country rocks was driven by thermal energy provided by both the intrusions themselves and the concomitant regional metamorphism. Magma-country rock interaction during ore genesis is also indicated by the presence of minor phases such as graphite, ZnS, PbS, MoS₂, an unknown Re-Mo-Cu-Os sulphide and numerous tellurides among the Fe-Ni-Cu sulphides.During the peak of regional metamorphism small felsic dykes intruded the cumulate bodies and remobilised the interstitial Fe-Ni-Cu sulphides into thin massive ore veins. Compared to interstitial ore, vein sulphides are depleted in Cu, Se, and Zn. Some Fe-Ni-Cu sulphides also migrated, probably due to regional strain effects, into the country rocks and mixed with sedimentary sulphides.Those magmas that formed unmineralised intrusions had already intruded sulphidic black schists and assimilated external S and Zn prior to final emplacement, and had thus become depleted in chalcophile elements and Zn by the segregation of sulphides and chrome spinel, respectively.

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Zusammenfassung Die Genese der Ni-Cu Lagerstätte Vammala, SW Finnland Die ultramafischen Kumulatkorper im Vammala Nickel Belt sind Reste einer synorogenen Intrusion, die innerhalb des friihproterozoischen svecofennischen Inselbogens Platz genommen hat and wahrend fortschreitender Tektonik boudiniert worden ist. Einige dieser Körper führen kleine magmatische Ni-Cu-Sulfid-Vererzungen.Die Mineralzusammensetzung dieser mineralisierten svecofennischen Intrusionen zeigen, daß sedimentare Sulfide (0.5 Gew.% Zn; Se/S 100 x 10 - 6) eine wichtige Rolle bei der Erzgenese gespielt haben. Es wird vermutet, daß die Magmen durch sedimentare Formationen, reich an sulfidischen Schwarzschiefern, aufgestiegen sind, und dabei externen Schwefel assimiliert haben. Dies fiihrte zur Entmischung einer SulfidPhase im Magma. Die hohen Zn-Gehalte der disseminierten Sulfide (280-450 ppm) und der Gehalt an liquidus Chromspinell (0.7–1.0 Gew.%) deuten an, daß der Zn-Gehalt im Stammagma weit höher gewesen sein muß, als es konventionelle Prozesse der Assimilation zulassen. Möglichweise wurden S and Zn selektiv durch C-O-H-S Fluide aus den Schwarzschiefern in das abkühlende Magma eingebracht. Die Desulfidisierung (mit Umwandlung von Pyrit zu Pyrrhotin) im Nebengestein wurde durch thermische Energie angetrieben, die sowohl von den Intrusionen selbst wie auch von der gleichzeitigen Regionalmetamorphose stammt. Die Magma-Nebengestein-Interaktion wahrend der Erzgenese ist auch durch untergeordnete Mineralphasen wie Graphit, ZnS, PbS, MoS₂, einem unbekannten Re-Mo-Cu-Os Sulfid and einigen Telluriden, zusammen mit den Fe-Ni-Cu Sulfiden, dokumentiertWährend des Höhepunktes der Regionalmetamorphose intrudierten dünne felsische Gänge die Kumulatkorper, wobei es zu einer Remobilisierung der disseminierten Fe-Ni Sulfide in dunne, massive Erzgänge gekommen ist. Verglichen mit den disseminier ten Erzen sind die Gang-Sulfide an Cu, Se and Zn verarmt. Einige Fe-Ni-Cu Sulfide migrierten, wahrscheinlich aufgrund von regionalen Strain-Effekten, in die Nebengesteine und vermischten rich mit den sedimentären Sulfiden.Jene Magmen, die nicht-mineralisierte Intrusionen gebildet haben, hatten schon vor der eigentlichen Platznahme die Schwarzschiefer intrudiert and externen S and Zn assimiliert; sic verloren durch die Segregation von Sulfiden and Chromspinell chalkophile Elemente and Zn.

     

内蒙古东部央格力雅山中酸性岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

内蒙古东部央格力雅山岩体岩性为正长花岗岩、二长花岗岩和英云闪长岩。正长花岗岩U-Pb年龄为130.4±1.1Ma,英云闪长岩U-Pb年龄为126.6±3.0Ma、二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为131.6±1.1Ma和130.7±1.5Ma,显示岩体侵位时间为早白垩世。地球化学研究表明,该花岗岩体具有富硅、富碱、贫钙的特征,属准铝质-过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石;稀土元素总量较低、轻重稀土元素分馏明显,(La/Nb)N值在9.14～24.86之间、正Eu异常显著(δEu值为1.03～1.53);微量元素K、La、Sr、Gd等明显富集,Nb、Pr、P、Ti等亏损;大离子亲石元素相对高场强元素富集。岩石分异指数平均为80.63,岩石成因类型属高分异I型花岗岩,岩浆来源于下地壳岩石的部分熔融,形成于伸展环境,与古太平洋板块俯冲作用密切相关。     

西藏吉塘花岗岩地球化学特征及成因

沿澜沧江结合带发育一条长达1000余千米的印支期澜沧花岗岩带,吉塘岩体位于该带北段,产出在吉塘以西约3km,轴向NNW,侵位于古元古代吉塘群变质岩系中,长70km,宽2~10km、出露面积341km²。主要由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成,Rb-Sr等时线年龄值为220Ma。本文对吉塘岩体开展了系统的岩石地球化学特征分析。研究结果表明吉塘岩体为过铝质钙碱性S型花岗岩,吉塘岩体在岩石化学组成上,SiO₂含量63%~71%,平均66.5%,Na₂O含量2.8%~4.2%,K₂O含量1.7%~3.4%,铝饱和指数A/CNK=1.09~1.48,CIPW标准矿物中刚玉1.5%~5.6％,微量元素组成类似于片麻岩质的中地壳。(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i值为0.7280~0.7395,ε_Nd(i)为-14.1~-16.2,指示岩浆源区为地壳物质,成因上与俯冲作用无关,Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄(t_DM)在2.0Ga左右,与昌都陆块变质基底古元古代吉塘群的原始形成年代相当,岩体Sr、Nd同位素组成也与变质基底吉塘群片麻岩一致,综合分析认为,岩浆源岩为变质杂砂岩成分的古元古代吉塘群片麻岩,其原岩建造主要是火山弧成因的英安岩或英安质火山碎屑岩,微量元素组成指示为黑云母脱水熔融。分析认为岩浆形成于地壳加厚增温环境下的地壳深熔作用,构造上与板块碰撞后的环境相联系。支持澜沧江构造带为冈瓦纳与扬子大陆边缘多岛弧系统的边界即古特提斯主洋盆的观点。澜沧江洋的闭合时间早于澜沧花岗岩带的形成年龄220Ma,根据构造带上相关研究成果,倾向于认同碰撞时间在280Ma左右。     

新疆谢米斯台地区乌兰萨拉岩体地球化学、年代学及全岩Sr-Nd和锆石Hf同位素研究

谢米斯台地区位于新疆西准噶尔北部,该地区中酸性岩浆活动强烈。本文对谢米斯台地区乌兰萨拉岩体进行了地质、地球化学、年代学及全岩Sr-Nd和锆石Hf同位素研究。结果表明,乌兰萨拉岩体是一个由碱长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩组成的复式岩体。碱长花岗岩形成时代为晚志留世(422.7±2.0Ma),岩石高硅、富碱,属于准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩;球粒陨石标准化配分模式图显示"V"字型配分样式,Eu负异常强烈,相对富集Ga、K、Rb、Th、U和Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Cr和Ni等;岩石具有低(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值(0.7017~0.7038),正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+4.49~+6.58)和锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值(+10.0~+14.2),Hf同位素模式年龄(t_(DM2))为500~771Ma。花岗闪长岩形成时代为早泥盆世(411.7±1.7Ma),属于准铝质,高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列花岗岩;球粒陨石标准化配分模式图显示右倾型配分样式,无明显Eu异常,相对富集LREE、LILE(Rb、Ba、K)、Th、U和Pb,亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti等;岩石具有低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值(0.7041~0.7046),正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+1.66~+3.87)和锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值(+4.4~+13.9),Hf同位素模式年龄(t_(DM2))为516~1120Ma,岩石Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素出现一定程度的解耦。综合研究认为,乌兰萨拉岩体碱长花岗岩属A_2型花岗岩,花岗闪长岩属I型花岗岩,两者都是由新生下地壳发生部分熔融而形成,前者经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用,后者受到亏损玄武质岩浆(俯冲板片脱水交代地幔楔产生的上涌岩浆)的底侵,它们均形成于陆缘弧环境。     

赣西蒙山岩体地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及地质意义北大核心CSCD

以赣西地区蒙山岩体为研究对象,通过对该岩体地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的研究,探讨其岩浆物质来源及构造背景。该岩体经历了印支期、燕山期岩浆侵入活动,形成六种岩石类型,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为224.0±2.10 Ma(n=19,MSWD=1.9)、223.0±2.20 Ma(n=21,MSWD=2.6)、222.0±2.80 Ma(n=21,MSWD=2.7)、220.0±1.90 Ma(n=16,MSWD=1.5)、217.0±3.70 Ma(n=8,MSWD=1.8)、142.0±0.98 Ma(n=21,MSWD=1.4),表明岩体经历了印支期、燕山期两期岩浆活动。印支期花岗质岩石地球化学具高硅富钾、准铝-过铝质特征;微量元素富集高场强元素Zr、Hf、Th、U和稀土元素La、Ce、Sm、Nd、Y,明显亏损Rb、Ba、Sr、Ti、P;稀土元素分馏程度不高,δEu介于0.03~0.15,具强Eu负异常,Ce异常不明显,稀土配分曲线呈“V”型;为同源岩浆演化的特点。CaO/Na_(2) O比值<0.3、Rb/Sr>5,岩石二阶段模式年龄T DM2主体介于868~1465 Ma,为中-新元古代,εHf(t)对应的T DM2值显示,岩体物源起源于成熟地壳,后期有大量新生地壳物质的加入,表明岩石来源于含水矿物(如白云母、绿帘石/黝帘石)的脱水反应导致成熟度高地壳物质的熔融而形成。在花岗岩构造环境判别图上,投于碰撞大地构造背景上的花岗岩和造山后花岗岩类(POG)区域,锆石U-Pb年龄表明成岩时段滞后于印支运动高峰期(258~243 Ma),为受印支运动造成华南地壳加厚滞后,地壳进入伸展阶段,减压熔融形成的花岗质岩浆。     

阿尔金江尕勒萨依榴辉岩和围岩锆石LA-ICP-MS微区原位定年及其地质意义

阿尔金江尕勒萨依榴辉岩及其直接围岩——石榴子石黑云母片麻岩锆石的阴极发光图像、微区原位LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析研究表明,榴辉岩锆石内部结构比较均匀,少数颗粒保留斑杂状残核;位于锆石斑杂状残核测点的重稀土相对富集,Th/U比值多大于0.4,为岩浆锆石的特征;位于锆石边部与内部结构均匀颗粒上的测点显示HREE近平坦型或弱亏损型的稀土配分模式,显示了与石榴石平衡共生的变质锆石特征;而石榴子石黑云母片麻岩的锆石具有核-幔-边结构,核部为碎屑锆石,幔部则为与石榴石平衡共生的变质锆石。LA-ICP-MS微区定年获得榴辉岩的变质年龄为(493±4.3)Ma,其原岩形成年龄为(754±9)Ma;石榴子石黑云母片麻岩的变质年龄为(499±27)Ma。榴辉岩的变质年龄滞后于其原岩的形成年龄约250Ma,并且榴辉岩与其直接围岩副片麻岩的变质年龄几乎完全一致,充分表明该超高压榴辉岩的形成是陆壳深俯冲作用的产物。     

西昆仑大红柳滩地区花岗岩类侵位时代与成因

西昆仑大红柳滩地区花岗岩类分布广泛,与伟晶岩型锂（铍）矿化时空关系密切。为了约束其地质特征、岩石成因以及对伟晶岩型锂（铍）成矿的作用,文章对白龙山闪长岩、俘虏沟闪长岩和大红柳滩二云母花岗岩进行了岩石学、矿物学、地球化学和年代学研究工作。地球化学数据揭示白龙山闪长岩和俘虏沟闪长岩明显富MgO、CaO和TiO₂,属于准铝质-弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性岩浆系列,结合已有全岩Sr-Nd、锆石Lu-Hf等同位素数据,白龙山闪长岩和俘虏沟闪长岩涉及新生地壳的贡献,其源区贫黏土,可能以砂屑岩为主。全岩锆饱和温度计约束岩浆温度分别为762~795℃（平均781℃）和769~773℃（平均771℃）。角闪石温压计约束白龙山闪长岩中角闪石结晶温度为718~760℃（平均734℃）,压力介于125~208 MPa之间（平均151 MPa）;俘虏沟闪长岩中的角闪石结晶温度为729~776℃（平均741℃）,压力介于133~231 MPa之间（平均176 MPa）。白龙山闪长岩和俘虏沟闪长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为（213.67±0.61） Ma （MSWD=1.4,n=39）和（211.73±1.02） Ma （MSWD=1.9,n=14）。大红柳滩二云母花岗岩中发育电气石、白云母和石榴子石等富铝矿物,明显富SiO₂和K₂O,贫MgO、CaO和TiO₂,属于过铝质、高钾钙碱性岩浆系列,由壳源物质重熔而成,源区可能是泥质岩。全岩锆饱和温度计约束其温度为755~773℃（平均764℃）。所含锆石往往发育继承核,其年龄介于207~2490 Ma之间。最年轻的岩浆锆石约束岩浆侵位可能发生在（211.20±1.1） Ma （MSWD=0.34,n=10）,这些岩浆锆石随后被热液增生边包裹,U-Pb年龄约束岩浆-热液事件发生在（185.10±0.89） Ma （MSWD=4,n=5）,可能记录了后期伟晶岩侵位所诱发的热液活动。大红柳滩地区同时发育I型和S型花岗岩,形成于中温（734~781℃）、中压（151~176 MPa）的条件,岩浆-热液活动持续时间长达~33 Ma,为形成超大型规模矿床提供有利条件。     

赣南印支期柯树岭花岗岩体SHRIMP锆石U-Pb 年龄、地球化学、锆石Hf同位素特征及成因探讨

利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年方法测得赣南柯树岭-仙鹅塘云英岩-石英脉型钨锡多金属矿床柯树岭区段钻孔中的新鲜花岗岩的成岩年龄为251.5±6.6Ma和202±15Ma。柯树岭花岗岩属过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩;ΣREE较低(<80.16×10-6),与华南典型含铌钽矿化花岗岩ΣREE含量低的特点一致,是岩浆高度分异演化的产物;锆石εHf(t)值为-14.5～-1.3,Hf两阶段模式年龄TDM2为3.21～2.55Ga,表明该岩体起源于太古宙地壳物质的部分熔融;Al/(Mg+Fe)-Ca/(Mg+Fe)图解表明该岩体主要来源于变质杂砂岩和变质泥岩的部分熔融,但也混有一些变质玄武岩和变质英云闪长岩,两个正的εHf(t)值(+2.4和+3.0)显示岩浆在上升侵位过程中捕获了幔源残留锆石。包括柯树岭在内的华南印支期花岗岩是于后碰撞或碰撞晚期,在以被动侵位机制为主和挤压应力松弛的间隙环境中侵位的,为加厚地壳局部熔融的产物。     

Magma mixing,the petrogenetic link between anorthositic suites and rapakivi granites, Åland,SW Finland

Summary The Åland, rapakivi batholith consists of several granites that differ texturally and mineralogically from quartz-porphyritic varieties to rapakivi varieties with K-feldspar ovoids (wiborgites and pyterlites) and aplitic granites. Closely associated with the batholith there is a mafc magmatic series of dolerite dykes, norites, anorthosites and monzodiorites.The earliest major intrusive phase of the Åland, rapakivi batholith consists of quartzporphyritic hornblende rapakivi. This rock contains small amoeboidal mafc enclaves, labradorite megacrysts, quartz ocelli, amphibole-mantled xenoliths and irregular clots of granophyric granite. These disequilibrium features are products of mixing between basaltic and granitic magmas. Geochemical modelling indicates that the quartzporphyritic hornblende rapakivi is a mixture of 15% hi-Fe monzodiorite (mafic endmember) and 85% quartz-feldspar porphyry (felsic end-member). The monzodiorite is derived from a norite-anorthosite-monzodiorite series. The quartz-feldspar porphyry is produced by partial melting of the country rock caused by intrusions of hot basic magma.Structural, textural and geochemical features suggest that magma mixing was an important petrogenetic process in the formation of the earliest rapakivi granite intrusions in the Åland, rapakivi batholith. Petrographic evidence of magma mixing can also be found in the major intrusion of the batholith, the wiborgite rapakivi granites. Chemically the mixing is difficult to specify in these rocks because of a high proportion of felsic component. Zircon and apatite fractionation trends, however, indicate that the wiborgite rapakivis also contain components from a mixed source.

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Magmamixing, die petrogenetische Verbindung zwischen Anorthositen und RapakiviGraniten, Åland, SW Finnland

Zusammenfassung Der Rapakivi Batholit von Åland besteht aus verschiedenen Graniten, die in ihrer Textur und Zusammensetzung das Feld von quarzporphyritischen über Rapakivigranite mit K-Feldspat-Ovoiden (Wiborgite und Pyterlite) und aplitischen Graniten abdecken. Eine mafische magmatische Serie von Dolerit-Gängen, Noriten, Anorthositen und Monzodioriten ist mit diesen Batholiten eng verbunden.Die erste größere Intrusivphase des Åland, Rapakivi Batholiten besteht aus quarzporphyritischem Hornblende Rapakivi. Dieses Gestein enhält kleine Amöboide, mafische Enklaven, Labradorit Megakristalle, Quarzocelli, Xenolithe mit Amphibolrändern und unregelmäßige Aggregate von granophyrischem Granit. Diese Produkte von Ungleichgewichts-Bedingungen gehen auf die Mischung zwischen basaltischen und granitischen Magmen zurück. Geochemische Modelle zeigen, daß der quarzporphyritische Hornblende-Rapakivi eine Mischung von 15%. eisenreichen Monzodiorit (mafisches Endglied) und 85% Quarz-Feldspatporphyr (felsisches Endglied) ist. Der Monzodiorit stammt von einer Norit-Anorthosit-Monzodiorit Serie. Der QuarzFeldspat-Porphyr entstand durch teilweise Aufschmelzung des Nebengesteines, die durch Intrusionen heißen basischen Magmas verursacht wurden.Strukturelle, texturelle und geochemische Daten zeigen, daß Magmamischung ein wichtiger petrogenetischer Prozeß der Bildung der frühesten Rapakivi-Granit-Intrusionen im Åland, Batholith waren. Petrographische Hinweise auf Magmamischung können auch in der größten Intrusion des Batholiths, dem Wiborg Rapakivi Granit, gefunden werden. Wegen des hohen Anteils felsischer Komponenten ist es schwierig, das Magmamixing in diesen Gesteinen chemisch zu quantifizieren. Zirkon- und Apatitfraktionierungs-Trends weisen jedoch darauf hin, daß auch die WiborgitRapakivis Komponenten aus einer gemischten Quelle enthalten.

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With 5 figures     

Observations and controls on the occurrence of inherited zircon in Concord-type granitoids,New Hampshire

U-Pb analyses of zircons separated from two Concord-type plutons near Sunapee and Dixville Notch, New Hampshire, reveal differences in the pattern and magnitude of zircon inheritance which are related to differences in melt chemistry. The Sunapee pluton contains only slightly more Zr than required to saturate the melt at the peak temperature of 700 ± 30°C. Traces of inherited zircon in this separate are inferred to be present as small, largely resorbed grains. In contrast, the Long Mountain pluton, near Dixville Notch, contains about 240% more Zr than required to saturate the melt. Thus, more than half of the Zr existed as stable, inherited zircon crystals during the partial fusion event, consistent with the observation of substantial inheritance in all grain size fractions. Ion probe intra-grain analyses of zircon from the Long Mountain pluton indicate a complex pattern of inheritance with contributions from at least two Proterozoic terrenes and caution against simple interpretations of upper and lower intercepts of chords containing an inherited component. Ion probe analyses of zircons from the Sunapee pluton reveal clear evidence of U loss which results in incorrect apparent conventional U-Pb ages. Ages of crystallization for the Long Mountain and Sunapee pluton are ~350 and 354 ± 5 Ma, respectively. A Sm/Nd measurement for the Long Mountain pluton yields a depleted mantle model age of 1.5 Ga, consistent with the observed inheritance pattern. In contrast, a Sm/Nd model age for the Sunapee pluton is improbably old due to minor monazite fractionation.     

来自东南极西福尔丘陵附近冰碛物中沉积岩砾石的碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其意义

东南极西福尔丘陵东南侧分布着长约20 km带状冰碛物,这些冰碛物成分复杂,其中含有少量与该地区高级片麻岩的基岩显著不同的沉积岩砾石.根据冰川流动方向可以推测它们来自西福尔丘陵的东南侧的冰盖之下.对其中8个具有代表性的沉积岩砾石样品进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,其U-Pb表面年龄主要集中在2410～2...     

豫西南地区北秦岭地体新元古代花岗岩类岩石成因及其地质意义

北秦岭地体中新元古代花岗岩类岩石是秦岭造山带的重要组成部分,记录了造山带基底前寒武纪地壳形成和演化历史。本文报道方庄和德河花岗岩岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和O同位素组成、全岩元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学组成,探讨其岩石成因和地壳演化意义。结果表明,方庄花岗质糜棱岩的锆石结晶年龄为933.4±9.2Ma,δ18O值8.3‰～11.9‰,初始87Sr/86Sr比值0.72455,初始εNd值-6.0,Nd模式年龄2.09Ga(tDM2);德河黑云斜长片麻岩的锆石结晶年龄为948.1±8.9Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr比值变化较大,初始εNd值-5.0,Nd模式年龄2.02Ga。结合已报道的新元古代花岗岩类岩体的年龄和地球化学数据,北秦岭地体新元古代岩浆作用可以划分为980～870Ma挤压碰撞作用和～844Ma伸展裂解作用两大阶段,包括～940Ma强烈变形S型同碰撞花岗岩、～880Ma弱-无变形后碰撞I型花岗岩和～844Ma板内A型碱性岩三类花岗岩体。地球化学组成显示,这些花岗岩类岩石可能源自不同时期形成的秦岭群基底杂岩的部分熔融,但在后碰撞阶段幔源物质或年轻地壳物质的加入明显增加。北秦岭地体中新元古代岩浆活动与Rodinia超大陆演化基本同时代,可能记录超大陆形成过程中的地壳响应。在新元古代之前,北秦岭地体或许具有不同于华北陆块和华南陆块的演化历史。     

大兴安岭南部幸福之路组的时代及二叠—三叠系界线研究——来自凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

多数研究者认为西拉木伦河—长春—延吉断裂带为华北与西伯利亚两大板块的最后缝合带,但最后拼合时间仍存在分歧,原因之一是对晚二叠世—早三叠世地层研究不足,尤其是对上二叠统与下三叠统接触关系研究更为欠缺。幸福之路组分布于大兴安岭南部,为一套以红层为主要特征的杂色碎屑岩组合,含有叶肢介、介形虫、双壳、植物及孢粉化石。笔者对采自巴林右旗幸福之路苏木幸福之路组上段的岩屑晶屑凝灰岩样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年分析,结果为(254.3±2.6)Ma。结合已有的火山岩测年及化石资料认为,幸福之路组上段下部时代为晚二叠世,上部为早三叠世早期,大兴安岭地区上二叠统与下三叠统为连续沉积,晚二叠世晚期两大板块发生碰撞拼合,古亚洲洋消失,发生南北生物群的混生,早三叠世西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞结束。     

内蒙古阿拉善右旗塔木素地区酸性侵入岩锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学特征

内蒙古阿拉善地块北缘塔木素地区酸性侵入岩发育,主要岩性为黑云母花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、英云闪长岩,其中花岗闪长岩、英云闪长岩、二长花岗岩构成塔木素地区侵入岩的主体,岩体侵入晚石炭世—早二叠世阿木山组,又被白垩系、侏罗系不整合覆盖,区域上呈近东西向展布。采用LA-ICP-MS技术,测得内蒙古阿拉善右旗塔木素地区的塔木素二长花岗岩和笋布尔英云闪长岩中锆石的206Pb/238U年龄分别为264.2±3.3Ma和273.0±3.3Ma,这2个年龄被解释为各自的侵位年龄,即二者均形成于中二叠世。花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和英云闪长岩在SiO2-K2O图解中落入钙碱系列和高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK值分别为0.874~1.01、1.06~1.54和0.91~1.03;Ba、Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素富集,Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素相对亏损;稀土元素总量分别介于156.99×10-6~212.87×10-6、126.92×10-6~212.98×10-6和128.13×10-6~214.5×10-6之间,均呈负Eu异常;在构造环境Rb-（Yb+Nb）和Rb-（Yb+Ta）判别图解中均落入火山弧花岗岩区。结合区域背景分析,阿拉善北缘在早二叠世时可能存在与弧物质有关的岩浆活动。