地震应急通讯保障系统的设计与思考

以华东地震应急联动协作区地震应急演练为例,探讨了演练现场与指挥中心之间异地会商、现场音视频实况转播和测震波形实时显示的主要通讯实现方法;通过比较试验,确定采用WiMAX无线通讯方式传输现场本地数据、采用编解码器传输音视频信号时,双向视频传输需使用2对编解码器,但1对编解码器上就能完全实现异地音频的互通,AV-1600e型编解码器在地震系统目前的卫星应急通讯信道下采用600 kpbs的视频编码率,能提供相对稳定的画面。实践表明,WiMAX无线通讯能较好地扩大野外本地网络通讯半径,编解码器能实现异地音视频互通,但对信道要求较高,效果较难保证。     

VPN技术在防震减灾中的应用

简要介绍VPN技术的应用、原理与搭建,并介绍了两个应用实例。显示了VPN技术在防震减灾工作中有广阔的应用前景。     

核磁共振技术在环境质量检测中的应用研究

核磁共振(NuclearMagneticResonance,缩写为NMR)技术是当今世界上的尖端技术。本文概述了NMR技术的应用现状,重点论述了NMR技术在环境质量检测中应用的理论依据和NMR方法的应用原理,并以实例说明了应用NMR技术在检测地下水烃类污染和空气污染的应用效果,最后展望了扩大NMR技术领域应用的前景,并建议加强应用技术的理论研究和新仪器的研制工作,为改善环境质量降低检测成本提供新的技术手段。     

云视频技术在省级地震应急指挥系统中的应用探讨

视频会议系统是各级地震应急指挥技术系统的重要组成部分。结合云技术主要特征,研究了云视频技术在省级地震应急指挥系统的设计思路和应用方法,在云南省地震应急指挥技术平台中建立了云视频应用原型系统,并对该系统进行技术测试,探讨了未来地震应急指挥云视频平台的建设思路。     

横向预应力约束加固混凝土结构抗震性能研究进展

本文阐述了横向预应力约束加固技术在混凝土结构加固领域应用中的重要意义,并介绍了预应力钢板箍加固技术、预应力纤维片材加固技术、预应力钢绞线（钢丝绳）加固技术、形状记忆合金加固技术等横向约束加固方法在提高混凝土构件抗震性能方面的研究进展,为混凝土结构加固设计、施工和实际加固改造提供应用参考。     

Latin超立方采样技术及其在结构可靠性分析中的应用

介绍了一个小样本采样技术－－Ｌａｔｉｎ超立方采样技术及其在可靠性分析中的应用，简要叙述了该技术的基本理论背景和减小相关性的方法，并给出了应用这一技术评定结构可靠性的例子。     

无人机摄影测量技术在土地整治项目中的应用

随着土地整治项目的数量不断增加,测量技术的选择受到了行业内人士的广泛关注。本文阐述了现阶段无人机勘测技术的变化形势,明确了无人机勘测技术在测量中的应用优势,并分析了土地整治项目中无人机摄影测量技术的而应用,为土地整治的管理人员提供理论参考。     

卫星通信技术在地震现场中的应用

介绍了卫星通信技术在地震现场中的应用实例，叙述了最新研制并集成“地震现场指挥部图像信息传输系统”的有关技术特点、技术优势、系统功能、系统结构、工作流程、技术指标及用户接口等内容，并对系统的应用前景和应用领域作了分析。     

台阵地震学方法及在中国IMS台阵的应用研究

中国的地震台阵建设与发展比国外晚了几十年.目前国内地震台阵正在不断地建设,而缺少的就是台阵技术,如能够把已有的台阵技术应用到我国的台阵中,就可以让台阵发挥它们应有的价值.作者根据国外的参考文献主要讨论了台阵地震学的主要技术方法并把这些方法应用到中国的IMS台阵,并给出了应用实例.结果表明,地震台阵使我们对地下结构的研究更加精细,使我们对微弱信号的识别更加轻松.如果我国现有台阵都能应用台阵地震学技术将对我国地震学和地球物理学的发展起到很大的推动作用.     

浅谈GPS技术在大地测量中的应用

GPS技术在大地测量中的应用十分广泛,这主要得益于其定位精度高、布点灵活、环境适应性强等特点。将GPS应用于大地测量工作之中,能够有效提升测量人员的工作效率,提高测量准确度,从而有效推进了我国大地测量技术的发展与进步。本文即着重分析了GPS技术在大地测量应用中的优势,并列举了其常用领域。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Solute concentrations in the lower niger river and the source rock contribution

Water quality analyses for the Niger River for the 1980/81 hydrological year are presented. The samples were collected from the main river at Lokoja, and from two main tributaries, the Kaduna and the Benue Rivers. Different water types were distinguished by the concentrations of major ions. The type Ca > Na > Mg > K - HCO₃ > SO₄ > Cl was represented at all stations during at least part of the year. Chloride was found to dominate the sulphate ion in the Kaduna and Niger, while the Benue maintained a higher concentration of sulphate relative to chloride all year round. Distinct patterns of seasonal variation in the ion concentrations were observed, particularly for the samples collected at Lokoja. Low ion concentrations were prominent during periods of high discharge, while low flow periods coincided with high dissolved ion concentrations. The contribution of rainwater to the total dissolved solids in the river waters was assessed indirectly using rainwater chemistry data from the Gulf of Guinea. The estimated rainwater contribution to the Lower Niger amounts to 5.15 mg 1^?1. Geochemical weathering calculations involving reactions of the four major minerals of granitic rocks - anorthite, biotite, albite, and K-feldspar - with carbon dioxide and water, can account for the average water composition of the Lower Niger. The proportion of the ionic components was also related to the occurrence of the respective element in the minerals.