全球变化与海洋地质

全球变化研究需要多学科的综合集成，涉及自然科学和社会科学诸多领域，国际海洋科学全球变化研究方面已经开展许多研究项目，诸如“海洋全球变化合作研究计划（IMAGES）”，“过去全球变化研究（PAGES）”，“海岸带陆海相互作用（LOICZ）”等，旨在通过对海洋表面和深部变化及与陆地的相互关系作用来研究全球气候及气候变化的历史，海洋地质在研究古气候，古水温，海洋与陆地气候联系，环境重建，陆海相互作用等方面举足轻重，同时地质学在参与全球变化研究中发挥着不可或缺的作用。     

The XIV International Geological Congress of 1926 in Spain

The XIV IGC was held in Spain in 1926, marking a recovery trend in the Congress after the First Worm War in terms of the number of participants and the number of represented countries. It was Spain that benefited most from the XIV IGC and probably never again there has geology received so much public and official attention.This paper is one of a series of articles on the history of the International Congress.     

The International Union of Geological Sciences' Commitment to International Geology Review

A prominent Western specialist on the geology of the oil and gas deposits of Russia provides an interpretation of the genesis of the West Siberian basin, relying, in part, on most recent Russian studies as well as information made available in 1994 evaluating the reserves of Russia's most important producing province. From Late Carboniferous through Middle Jurassic time, the region of West Siberia passed through orogenic, rift, and early platform stages. A domal high was present in the region during the orogenic stage, arising from cratonization of the Ural-Mongolian fold belt. Early Triassic rifting was part of a global rifting event and was a precursor to the subsequent crustal sagging that produced the West Siberian basin. The Early-Middle Jurassic was a time of cyclical marine and continental deposition, the sea moving back and forth from the north. The Talinskoye oil field occurs in Lower-Middle Jurassic sandstones that have the form of a river channel that extends more than 200 km. The Priobskoye field is associated with a Lower Cretaceous clinoform that has been traced N–S for more than 300 km. It is suggested that: (a) the oil in the Lower Cretaceous Neocomian sandstones was sourced by bituminous clays that interfinger with these sandstones on the west; and (b) that Upper Cretaceous Cenomanian gas was sourced in part by deeply buried Paleozoics and by overlying Upper Cretaceous Turonian clays. Predicted discoveries in West Siberia include several thousand small fields with reserves of less than 10 million tons, 250 to 300 medium-sized fields, and several large fields with 30 to 100 million tons.     

Development Strategy for Marine Geology in China

１HistoricResponsibilityofMarineGeologicWorkMarinegeologicstructure,mineralresources,environmentalhazards,andglobalchanges,especiallydistributionsofhydrocarbonandvarioussolidmineralresourcesandassessmentsoftheirreserves,areveryimportantfactorsthatshouldbeconsideredinnationaleconomicconstructions,seaareademarcationsanddefenseofstatemaritimesovereignrightsandinterests．１．１DefendingStateSovereignRightsandInterestsInordertosafeguardstatesovereignrightsandinterests,itisamusttocarryoutr…     

我国海洋地质工作发展战略

海洋占地球表面积的2/3以上,蕴藏着丰富的空间资源、生物资源、矿产资源和水动力资源,是人类社会实现可持续发展的宝贵财富,是广大地质工作者勘查、研究、开发的重要对象之一.     

海积软土的工程地质研究现状

我国沿海地区,广泛分布着性质极为软弱的近代沉积的欠固结软土。近年来,由于经济发展及对外开放的需要,巨型的工程建筑多修筑于软土地基之上,这样就带地多复杂的工程地质及岩土工程问题,同时也促进了软土和吹填土的开发和利用以及填海造陆工程的不断发展,就目前其研究现状进行了总结和介绍。     

探索奥秘与服务社会的地质学——第31届国际地质大会综述

1　会议概况第 31届国际地质大会于 2 0 0 0年 8月 6～ 1 7日在巴西里约热内卢举行 ,大会的主题是“地质学与可持续发展 :第三个千年的挑战”,表明国际地质学界对未来的责任感。下面我将对巴西会议学术交流的几个重点问题作简要的综述。这是首次在南美召开的国际地质大会 ,由此终于在 2 0世纪完成了六个大洲轮流开会的完整局面 ,进一步扩大了地质科学的全球视野。也许还可以说 ,第三世界国家的地质科学在进一步的崛起 ,因为在过去的近 50年内先后由阿尔及利亚、墨西哥、印度、中国和巴西等五国主办过这样的大会。大会学术活动包括大会主旨报告、大会特别报告、专题报告、专题讨论会和面上讨论会 ,以及讲习班、研讨会、会前—会间—会后野外考察和大量学术团体的业务会议。与大会召开的同时 ,还举办了2 0 0 0年地质博览会。学术活动的安排非常丰富 ,包括了当代地质科学的前沿、热点和交叉学科问题 ,同时体现了地质科学的多学科特色 ,几乎覆盖了地质科学的各个分支领域以及相关学科问题。本次大会的新特点可以归纳为 :对理论与技术成就的跨世纪的回顾与展望 ,对未来面临的矿产资源、能源、环境、灾害和社会经济可持续发展的更进一步的关注。...     

第9届国际遗迹组构专题研讨会综述*

第9届国际遗迹组构专题研讨会于2007年8月13—18日在加拿大卡尔加里大学召开。从会议报告、展板、论文摘要集和野外地质考察可以看出:自1983年遗迹组构概念提出以来,一些新思维、新方法的应用极大地拓宽了遗迹学的研究领域,其已经被广泛应用到地层学和沉积学的诸多领域,并随着油气的勘探与开发得到了迅速发展。海相、陆相遗迹组构分析及其在储集层沉积环境和高分辨率层序地层学精细研究中的应用仍然是当前遗迹学的主题,遗迹组构的CT成像技术和三维可视化模拟在地下水勘查和油气勘探中正在发挥越来越大的作用。     

International Workshop on ＂Central Asian Orogenesis and Metallogeny＂

An ＂International Workshop on Central Asian Orogenesis and Metallogeny＂, sup- ported by Department of Science and Tech- nology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the Geosciences Department of the Natural Science Foundation of China, the Bureau of Science and Technology for Resources and Environment, the Chinese Academy of Science, Xinjiang Petroleum Company, and China National Petroleum Corporation, was held in Urumqi, Xinjiang, from 18-24 September, 2007 （hosted by the National 305 Project Office）.     

山东灵山岛滑塌体内部沉积及构造特征研究

青岛市灵山岛修船厂剖面下白垩统地层中发育良好的滑塌变形体。野外观察可见滑塌体岩性单元主要由厚层砂岩及砂页岩互层组成,其中厚层砂岩根据其沉积构造及成因机制可分为砂质碎屑流沉积及浊流沉积两类;砂页岩互层段砂岩层可见底模构造及粒序层理,为静水环境下远端浊流沉积。滑塌体内部构造主要可分为软褶皱变形、同生断层、透镜状砂质团块三种类型。其中,软褶皱变形根据岩性可分为砂岩软褶皱、砂页岩互层软褶皱及页岩软褶皱,随着变形强度增加,软褶皱枢纽逐渐平行于滑移方向,形成曲脊软褶皱或软鞘褶皱(soft sheath folds);同生断层出现在砂岩层中,根据力学性质分为正断层及逆断层,正断层为剪切拉伸所致,逆断层为软褶皱逆冲所致;透镜状砂质团块包括同沉积布丁构造和同沉积断块。根据滑塌体内部滑移面识别出三期滑塌,完整的滑塌体由底部拆离滑移面、下部厚层砂体、中部砂页岩互层及上部砂页岩互层未变形体组成,其组成特征及各部分接触关系反映了滑塌体中下部沿底部拆离滑移面发生滑塌变形,且于活动末期在相对静水条件下被上部砂页岩互层覆盖这一形成过程。根据滑塌体内部组成特征的有序性、相似性及滑塌体内部沉积构造特征,推测其触发机制可能为沉积物快速沉积所引发的重力滑塌成因。