澜沧江-湄公河流域整体开发的前景与问题研究

回顾了流域开发模式的演进过程,归纳了整体开发模式特征。结合澜沧江-湄公河流域开发现状及存在的主要问题,对澜沧江-湄公河流域整体开发的必要性和前景,以及所面临的问题进行分析。     

国际河流流域整体开发和管理的实施

本文通过分析目前整体开发和管理实践中存在的主要问题,提出国际河流与国家河流相比较,其开发和管理的特点,最后就实现国际河流整体开发和管理中的动力、合作层次、协议、制度协调等方面问题提出相应的观点。     

汕尾海岸带自然资源系统结构分析与开发

分析汕尾海岸带自然资源系统结构、开发现状和存在问题,阐明汕尾海岸带自然资源开发和布局,探讨加快汕尾向多功能港口城市转化。     

山地资源的特点及开发策略

对山地资源基本内涵重新认识基础上 ,讨论了与非山地资源相比较的结构和功能特点 ,其开发与山地环境演变的关系和现实开发中存在的问题 ,提出了山地资源开发的基本策略。     

攀西地区生物资源开发与生态环境建设

对攀西地区的自然条件,资源优势,环境问题,经济状况进行分析,指出攀西地区自然条件组合优越,生物资源非常丰富,但环境问题严重,经济落后且结构不合理,生物资源开发是解决存在问题的有效办法。同时提出攀西地区生物资源开发的指导思想,以及适合攀西地区生态环境建设和有利于长江流域生态屏障形成的生物资源开发模式及相关的开发项目。     

信阳市南湾湖风景区生态旅游开发

生态旅游是２１世纪世界旅游发展的方向,生态旅游开发从理论到实践中许多问题有待探讨。文章对信阳市南湾湖风景区旅游开发现状及存在的问题进行了分析,提出了生态旅游开发的目标,原则及开发措施。     

对国家旅游度假区开发建设的若干思考

针对我国国家旅游度假区开发建设的现状和存在问题，作者通过对国家旅游度假区的布局和规划的思考，就我国开发和建设国家旅游度假区提出了６条建议。     

论肇庆市在西江旅游走廊的开发与定位

通过对肇庆市旅游历史文定位、旅游空间定位和旅游资源定位的分析,说明在新的发展条件下构筑肇庆市旅游开发的新基础,同时阐述肇庆市旅游开发存在的问题和提出有关对策。     

河源市文化旅游资源开发模式研究

河源市是广东省地域文化资源特色鲜明的地区,拥有远古时期的恐龙化石、南越国创始人赵佗文化、以万绿湖为代表的山水生态文化及东江客家文化等,文化资源类型多样,互补性强,空间组合较好,但现有文化旅游资源开发存在着水平较低、缺乏文化内涵,文化旅游产品单一、参与不足以及分散开发、重复建设等问题.针对河源市文化旅游资源的特点及开发中存在的问题,提出了联动互补开发模式和内涵增容开发模式,以期对河源市文化旅游资源整合,品牌提升,旅游产品创新和旅游综合效益的提高有所启示.     

珠海市生态旅游资源及其开发研究

分析了珠海市的生态旅游资源、旅游发展中存在的问题和开发生态旅游的优势条件,认为目前珠海市的生态旅游资源丰富,但旅游发展存在一定问题,生态旅游开发应注重科学定位,以生态旅游作为珠海市的旅游品牌,旅游产品设计要突出海洋海岛和生态城市特色;加强保护意识,优化旅游生态环境;合理利用土地资源,努力发展生态产业.     

Reconstructing the development of the geosystems of the Primorsky Range during the latter half of the Holocene

We examine the sequence of changes in the structure of the geosystems of the Primorsky Range (Baikal region) for the last 6000 years, based on a continuous recording of fluctuations of the vegetation reconstructed from spore-pollen complexes of a high peat bog. We determined the chronological timeframe of paleogeographical events. The study showed that there occurred a radical structure transformation of the geosystems in the mid-late Holocene, along with a recurrence of similar landscape transformations caused by the instability of natural conditions.     

On the origin of the seismic anisotropy of the lithosphere

Summary. It is known that flow in the mantle can produce preferred orientation in olivine crystals with seismic anisotropy as a consequence. Flow in the subcrustal lithosphere is unlikely because of the high viscosity. Lenses of high temperature and low-viscosity ( anomalous mantle ) are located under the crust in many tectonically active regions, and viscous flow can easily arise in such material resulting in seismic anisotropy. After cooling, such anomalous mantle acquires high viscosity and becomes incorporated into the lithospheric layer preserving the anisotropy produced by the flows which existed previously. The interaction of the stresses with cracks in the upper crust can be one of the causes of anisotropy in this layer.     

对沙漠化农田能转化效率及潜力的分析

我国北方东起黑龙江省嫩江地区, 吉林白城地区及辽宁西部, 包括内蒙兴安盟东南、哲里木、昭乌达、锡林郭勒、乌兰察布、伊克昭等盟的大部地区, 直至河北坝上、陕西榆林北部约26.7万平方公里的幅员范围内, 由于自然条件的特殊性(地表组成物质质地松散、沙粒成分比重很大及气候干旱、多大风, 且年内季风与周期性干旱相吻合), 加上人类不合理开发活动的影响, 成为我国目前沙漠化发展最活跃的地区, 其沙漠化土地近16.5万平方公里, 占全区总面积的61.5%。该地区有较长的经济开发史, 农、牧业相互影响, 交错分布的情况, 在历史上业已形成。据粗略统计, 该区范围内, 有旱作耕地近5, 000万亩, 多以传统的粗放的撂荒种植制进行经营, 长年遭受不同程度的风沙危害, 属于生产水平较为低下的农田类型。这些农田急待整治, 以便提高生产力。由于本区年均降水量在350-450毫米之间, 客观上具有发展旱作农业的可能性。如能合理经营、科学利用其自然资源, 将可能发展成为农、牧业结合的发达地区。从而对我国北方地区农业发展起促进作用。为了深化对沙漠化农田的认识, 揭示其生态失调的实质, 本文将就生态系统观点对其进行分析以寻求有效的整治沙漠化农田的途径。     

Direct determination of the characteristics of the currents responsible for the geomagnetic anomaly of the Rhinegraben

Summary. Previous geomagnetic measurements in the Rhinegraben have led us to assume that the responsible currents have the properties of direct currents and that they all flow in the sediments filling the graben. In order to verify these conclusions, we have performed measurements in a mine at a depth of 650 m. By comparing the field simultaneously recorded at the surface, in the mine and at the reference station, it is possible to deduce that the anomalous currents have the above mentioned properties.     

城市化的开发区模式研究

我国许多城市通过开发区建设,在短时间内完成了产业和人口的集聚,实现了城市地域空间和人口规模的跳跃性增长和产业结构的转型。由于在这种城市空间增长过程中,开发区建设起了决定作用,因此,这种以开发区带动整个地区城市化的方式可称为"开发区模式"。开发区驱动城市化的机制表现在开发区自身区域的城市化和开发区带动周围农村地区城市化两个层面,并具有快速跳跃性、外驱性和不稳定性、人为性、经济增长模式的单一性和基础设施建设的高标准性等特征。针对开发区建设中出现的问题,提出了促进其健康发展的建议。     

Chemical composition of waters and the phytoplankton of the lakes within the delta of the Selenga river

Field observations showed that the characteristics of chemical composition of waters and the development of plankton algae in the lakes within the delta of the Selenga river are determined by their flowage. The most open Lake Nekipelovskoe communicates with the Selenga outlets throughout a year, and Lake Zavernyaikha only at the period of an open channel. Lake Semenovskoe and Lake Khlystov Zaton are located in the islands and are isolated from the outlets. According to composition of main ions, the lakes under investigation refer to the hydrocarbonate class, the calcium group. The sum of ions in the water of Lake Nekipelovskoe approaches the one in the Selenga (86?221 mg/dm³), and the highest sums of ions were recorded in the wintertime in the lakes isolated from the outlets (446?743 mg/dm³). The lakes of the delta are characterized by a high trophicity. The maximum concentrations of total phosphorus in Lake Nekipelovskoe and Lake Zavernyaikha were 68 and 122 μg mg/dm³, and in Lake Semenovskoe and Lake Khlystov Zaton ?0.8 and ?0.63 μg mg/dm³, respectively. The most intense development of algae is observed in Lake Zavernyaikha, which is due to the high population of Baikal endemics. Lake Zavernyaikha showed a close negative correlation between the concentration of NO ₃ ^? , mineral phosphorus and phytoplankton biomass; the correlation coefficient was ?0.8 and ?0.63, respectively. The lakes exhibited increased contents readily hydrolysable organic matter, and a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration in winter; hydrogen sulfide was repeatedly recorded in Lake Khlystov Zaton. The water quality in the lakes during the springtime varies from “quite clean” to “weakly polluted”; at low-water periods, especially in winters, it can drop to the category of “exceedingly dirty”. The water quality of the Selenga can be influenced by the lakes during spring floods when material accumulated during the wintertime is transported to the river outlets and further to Lake Baikal.     

Transformation of the vegetation cover in the zone of air emissions from the enterprises of the city of Norilsk

The influence of air emissions from the enterprises of the city of Norilsk on the vegetation cover of adjacent territories was revealed. The categories of resistance of some plant species and communities to technogenic loads have been ascertained. The protective role of overmoistening of habitats was observed for plants.