THE HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WATER BUDGET OF QINGHAI LAKE DRAINAGE BASIN

The rapid shrinkage of the surface area reflects the long-term deficit water budget of Qinghai Lake. Study of the yearly hydrology and meteorology in the lake catchment basin and the hydrologic factors as well as water budget led to the conclusion that evaporation exceeding the water input resulted in the drop of lake level, thai the obvious decrease of runoff to the lake and precipitation on the catchment accelerated the falling of lake level before 1987. and that increase of about 6.7% in rainfall on the whole basin will balance the lake's water budget.     

THE MIRE IN NORTHEAST OF CHINA

The northeast region is one of the principal mire distribution regions in China. According to the process of peat formation and accumulation , middle geomorphology type controlling water source supplement and the plant cover, 2 types, 10 subtypes and 27 mire bodies are divided. The mire area decreases gradually from north to south. There is more peat mire in the mountain and there is mainly gley mire without peat in the plain. The paper also explains the mire types in the principal mire distribution region and the utilization of mire in the fields of agriculture, forest, animal husbandry. The mire is a wetland ecosystem. It can reserve a lot of water, adjust rivers, humidify air. Thereby , attention must be paid to protecting ecological balance in the process of reclaiming mire and the mire protection.     

Simulation of energy and water budget of Qinghai Lake, China

INTRODUCTIONThedistingnishingc~teristicsofQinghaboe,thebiewstsalinelakeinCfuna,are:vastwaterm,higheleVation,closeddrinagbasinandattrativenaedland-scape.The~clakeleveldIDPsincethebegiwhngofthiscentwhascausedaseriesofenvironrnntalProblems(degenndionofghanggIaSSlandaIDunthelake,desertffica-tioninthebeacharea,aeOianerosionoftheeXposedlakebed,deCrainwaersuPPliesandincreaseinthewaterndnends).IncentalAsia,mostofthewell-knOWnlargelakes,includingla.kessuchasIssyk-kul(SeVaStyanvandSndmov,l…     

THE ECOLOGICAL FEATURES AND ECOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTIONS OF A MIRE IN CHINA

A mire as an ecosystem, usually is considered as an aquatic ecosystem,or a terrestrial ecosystem. The author thinks that mire is a special ecosystem between these two ecosystems, and proposes the new concept that a mire is a natural ecosystem with transitional nature of semi-water and semi-land formed by water and land interaction. The paper discusses the nature of the mire ecosystem, the exploitation and utilization and ecological construction of a mire.     

遥感与GIS的青海湖岸线分维研究

讨论了TM图像以及分形几何学对青海湖岸线问题的求解算法,同时估算了不同像元尺度下,青海湖的岸线长度得出青海湖岸线的分形维数为1.0237,并探讨了其地学意义,研究表明,分形维数不仅是一种可行的表达岸线特征的方法,而且岸线分维数的计算可大大减少工作量和提高工作效率,可见遥感与GIS技术在岸线分维数的计算中,具有十分良好的应用前景。     

塔中—巴楚地区东河砂岩储层发育特征及其主控因素

东河砂岩是一套优质储集层和富油层,也是塔里木盆地重要勘探目的层系.以砂岩储层特征为基础,观察研究区岩心、镜下薄片,研究沉积相在空间分布规律.结果表明:研究区东河砂岩经历压实、石英次生加大、碳酸盐胶结和溶解等多种成岩作用,压实和胶结作用为导致孔隙度下降的主要因素;溶解作用对储层空间形成起建设性作用.塔中—巴楚地区东河砂岩储层特征差异明显,塔中地区储层物性较好,为中高孔中高渗储层,目前处于中成岩阶段AⅠ亚期;巴楚地区储层物性较差,为低孔低渗储层,目前处于中成岩阶段AⅡ亚期.研究区东河砂岩储层发育的主控因素为沉积环境和成岩作用,优质储层主要分布于颗粒成分较纯、泥质含量较低的前滨相及上临滨亚相地区.     

ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL FORMATIONOF AGRICULTURAL AREAS IN SICHUAN BASIN AND GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS

TheagriculturalregionofSichuanBasinislocatedintheeastofSichuanProvince.TheChangjiang(YangtZe)caver,traversingeastandwest,itsbantributariesincludingtheMinjiang,Tuojiang,Jialing,FujiangandQujiangrivers,likefivefingerstoextendtowardsthenorth,disunitedthebasinintoplainsandhills,surroundedbylowandmiddlemountains,theterraindropsrapidlyfromtheexteriortointerior.Thus,asinglephysicalgeographicalunitismadeup.Withthelong-termdeve1Opment,acharacteristicagriculturalregionappealSundertheconditionofric…     

The study on climatic changes and lake level fluctuations of Qinghai lake in holocene

According to loess and palaeosol climatic record, field observation, analysis data and¹⁴C dating, we discuss the climatic changes and the water level fluctuations of Qinghai Lake. It is pointed out that there were four relatively warm and moist stages in Qinghai Lake basin during the Holocene. They formed in the periods from 10,300 yr.B.P. to 8,500 yr.B.P., 7,000 yr.B.P. to 3,500 yr.B.P., 2,800 yr.B.P. to 2,000 yr.B.P. and from 1,300 yr.B.P. up to now. the climate in the Holocene optimum period, from 7,000 yr.B.P. to 3,500 yr.B.P., was much warmer and moister than that today. Polypodium plant grew luxuriantly around Qinghai Lake. The annual temperature was 2.5°C higher than that today, but there was no forest at Qinghai Lake shore. It is found that there was a good relationship between precipitation and water level fluctuation. In warm and moist period water level was high and in the cold and dry period it was low in the Holocene. There were four high water level periods for Qinghai Lake in the Holocene, but the highest level was less than 30m above present water level. This research is supported by Youth Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49101015).     

准噶尔盆地小拐地区佳木河组储层特征及主控因素

小拐地区佳木河组属低孔、低渗储层,为明确该区储层的主控因素,根据岩心观测、薄片鉴定、分析化验等结果,研究其沉积特征、储集空间、物性特征、成岩作用等.结果表明:小拐地区佳木河组为一套巨厚陆上冲积扇—扇三角洲复合沉积,岩石颗粒组分复杂、成熟度低,储层主要储集空间包括界面孔、微裂缝、溶蚀孔、构造裂缝等;储层受裂缝—孔隙双重介质影响,非均质性强.该区构造裂缝较为发育,以构造成因的直立剪切裂缝为主,对储层改造具有重要作用,裂缝发育情况与油气显示及产能密切相关;该区储层发育的主控因素包括岩性岩相、构造运动、成岩作用等.该区岩性岩相是控制储层发育的根本条件,构造运动产生的主控断裂有利于油气运移与聚集、强化储层裂缝发育,成岩作用中的溶蚀作用有效改善区内储层储渗性能.     

青海省祁连县大拉洞柏杨沟矿区煤岩层对比研究

通过研究太原组的沉积特征及聚煤变化规律,采用了标志层、煤岩层组合特征、层间距、测井曲线形态等方法,对矿区内煤层、岩层进行了综合对比。确定了该区主要煤层的赋存层位、形态、分布及变化特征,对周边地区找煤工作具有一定的指导作用。     

青海省阿日特克山钼矿床地质特征及矿床成因分析

阿日特克山钼矿床是近年柴北缘成矿带东段新发现的一处斑岩型钼矿床。本文通过分析研究其成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征,通过锆石U-Pb同位素定年着重研究了成矿岩体特征及形成时代,确定其成岩地质年代为早三叠世晚期至中三叠世早期,侵入时代属印支期,成矿岩体成岩年龄与钼矿成矿年龄基本一致。并总结分析了矿床形成过程和矿床成因,明确了构造作用对成矿的影响,为该区今后的地质找矿和理论研究提供了基础。     

巴麦地区石炭系小海子组储层特征及控制因素分析

在岩心观察、铸体薄片、扫描电镜资料分析的基础上,结合孔隙度、渗透率等物性资料,分析巴麦地区石炭系小海子组储层特征及控制因素.结果表明:该组的储集层岩石类型中,白云岩储层物性较灰岩好,而颗粒灰(云)岩物性也较非颗粒灰(云)岩好;储集空间类型以粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和晶间溶孔为主;沉积相带、成岩作用及构造作用等是影响研究区储层物性的重要条件,其中高能的台地滩相储集岩是有利储层的发育地带,大气淡水暴露溶蚀作用和白云岩化作用改善了储集空间,构造破裂作用所产生的裂缝使储层物性得到进一步改善.该研究对认识巴麦地区小海子组储层特征及主控因素有参考意义.     

Spatial distribution rules and affecting factors of BIF in Anshan-Benxi area

A detailed investigation on 3D spatial distribution rules of Banded Iron-bearing Formation(BIF) with methods of gravity-magnetic inversion and 3D modeling of iron mine is presented based on the former analysis in the Anshan-Benxi area.Three dimension spatial distribution types of BIF are concluded as hook-like,tabularlike and "W"-like.BIF was mainly developed in three types of space including(1) the syncline cores,(2)cover coverage area,and(3) the deeper buried area where the range of tectonic uplift is small.The influences of tectonism,magmatic intrusion and uplift-erosion on the spatial distribution shapes of BIF are clarified.     

Abiotic factors in colony formation: effects of nutrition and light on extracellular polysaccharide production and cell aggregates of Microcystis aeruginosa

Colony morphology is important for Microcystis to sustain a competitive advantage in eutrophic lakes. The mechanism of colony formation in Microcystis is currently unclear. Extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) has been reported to play an important role in cell aggregate formation of some phytoplankton. Microcystis aeruginosa was cultivated under varied abiotic conditions, including different nutrient, light, and temperature conditions, to investigate their effects on EPS production and morphological change. The results show that nutrient concentration and light intensity have great effects on EPS production in M. aeruginosa. There was a considerable increase in EPS production after M. aeruginosa was cultivated in adjusted culture conditions similar to those present in the field (28.9mg C/L, 1.98mg N/L, 0.65mg P/L, light intensity:100 μmol/(m2s)). These results indicate that abiotic factors might be one of the triggers for colony formation in Microcystis.     

Major problems of sustainable development along the bank area of the Changjiang River

TheChangiiangRiverisrichinfreshwaterandwaterpowerresources,themeanrunoffandwaterpoweroftheriverareabout37%and52%respectivelyoftotalonesofChina.Inaddition,theChanaiiangRiverhastheimmensenavigationpotentialandvaluableshorelineresources,thenavigablelengthreaches364okmandtheallshorelinelengthisabout6OOokmfromYihinCitytotheestuary.Moreover,theChangiiangRiver,withtheadvantagesofsuitablelocationandbroadhinterland,crossesEast,MiddleandWestEco-nomicZonewithdifferenteconomiclevelsofChina,soitsuniq…     

DYNAMIC VARIATIONS OF WATER QUALITY IN TAIHU LAKE AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣ　ＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＳ　ＯＦ　ＷＡＴＥＲ　ＱＵＡＬＩＴＹ　ＩＮ　ＴＡＩＨＵ　ＬＡＫＥ　ＡＮＤ　ＭＵＬＴＩＶＡＲＩＡＴＥ　ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳ　ＯＦ　ＩＴＳ　ＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＴＩＡＬ　ＦＡＣＴＯＲＳＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＷＡＴＥ...     

BIOGEOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF POSTDEPOSITIONAL MIGRATION OF Fe AND Mn IN LAKE AHA, CHINA

I.INTRODUCTIONLakeAhaisamedium--sizedartificialreservoirwithseasonallyanoxichypolirnnion,andawaterresourceofGuizhouProvince,China,builtin1958,workedin1960andexpandedin1982.Ithasadrainagebasinof190kmZwithaverageannualtemperatureof15.3tandprecipitationof1109rum.Openplantcover,containiflgshrubandgrass,surroundsthelake,andsialliticandstfeteyellowsoilisdevelopedonPe~ianlimestoneandcoallayer,meanwhile,OThisprojectwassupportedbytheNationalNaturalaudienceFOundationofChinaandtheaudienceFOund…     

THE FEATURES OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE RENOVATION STRATEGY OF POYANG LAKE

（张本）（康星华）ＴＨＥＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＳＯＦＴＨＥＮＡＴＵＲＡＬＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＲＥＮＯＶＡＴＩＯＮＳＴＲＡＴＥＧＹＯＦＰＯＹＡＮＧＬＡＫＥ￥ＺｈａｎｇＢｅｎＫａｎｇＸｉｎｇｈｕａ（ＨａｉｎａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｈａｉｋｏｕ５７００...     

THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF WETLANDS IN THE FOUR LAKE AREA OF JIANGHAN PLAIN

ＴＨＥＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＰＲＯＴＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＥＴＬＡＮＤＳＩＮＴＨＥＦＯＵＲＬＡＫＥＡＲＥＡＯＦＪＩＡＮＧＨＡＮＰＬＡＩＮＣａｉＳｈｕｍｉｎｇ（蔡述明）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｄｅｓｙａｎｄＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅ...     

FUZZY COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION MODES ALONG THE CHANGJIANG RIVER MAIN LINE AND ITS DELTA AREA

The Changjiang River (Yangtze) is one of the fastest growth areas of container transportation in Chi-na. Rail, road and water transportation have competed against each other for container transportation in the Chang-jiang River main line and its delta area. It is of significance to assess these different transportation modes scientifi-cally in order to organize container transportation efficiently in this area and make decision for integral plan and construction of transportation system in this area. This paper outlines application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to appraise different modes of typical direction of containers. Twelve assessment indexes were decided. Membership functions were formulated. Evaluation results indicated that road transportation was optimal mode in the Changjiang River delta area, however water transportation was the primary way in the Changjiang River main line.