内蒙古黑鹰山富铁矿床磷灰石钐-钕同位素年龄及其地质意义

黑鹰山富铁矿床地处北山造山带西伯利亚板块与哈萨克斯坦_北山板块汇聚地带,是中国西北地区规模最大和品位最高的富铁矿床之一,其独特的产出环境和地质特征为国内外地质学界所关注。为了查明该矿床的形成过程,笔者首次对致密块状铁矿体中的6件磷灰石样品和脉状铁矿体中的2件磷灰石样品进行了钐_钕同位素测定。块状矿体的6件样品所获等时线年龄为(32 2 .0±4 .3)Ma,MSWD值为0 .0 9,14 3 Nd/14 4 Nd初始比值为(0 .5 12 30 8±0 .0 0 0 0 0 3) ,εNd(t)为(1.6 6±0 .0 1)。脉状矿体中2件样品的εNd(t)值分别为7.2 0和7.2 6 ,明显高于块状矿体磷灰石样品。依据上述同位素分析数据和特征比值,结合容矿围岩和矿体地质特征,推测黑鹰山富铁矿床的形成与海西早期富碱岩浆流体多期次活动有关,成矿物质主要来自地幔物质占优势比例的壳_幔混源岩浆房。     

内蒙古东七一山萤石矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征及成因

运用等离子质谱和等离子体光谱对内蒙古东七一山萤石矿的萤石矿石和围岩样品的稀土元素进行了系统分析.结果表明,矿石的∑REE<30×10-6,LREE为5×10-6～15×10-6,HREE<5×10-6,Y<20 ×10-6;而围岩的∑REE>290×10-6,LREE>240×10-6,HREE>40×10-6,Y>70×10-6.可将萤石矿石的稀土元素的分布型式分为轻、重稀土富集型两类一类矿石的∑REE多小于29×10-6,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别大于7和12,δEu、δCe的变化范围分别为0.85～1.10,Ce、Eu基本不显异常;另一类的∑REE 约18×10-6 ,LREE/HREE和La/Yb分别小于3和2,δEu为0.45～0.70,δCe为0.70～0.90,具明显的负Eu异常,Ce微具负异常.矿石与围岩的稀土地球化学研究显示,该萤石矿系岩浆热液成因.     

内蒙古林西萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及其指示意义

内蒙古林西县萤石矿产资源丰富,已知萤石矿床（点）68处。萤石矿床产出于中生界火山-沉积岩地层中,矿体主要受近 SN 向或 NNE 向断裂破碎带控制。为了研究水头地区萤石矿床的成矿流体来源和成矿机理,文章对矿床稀土元素进行了分析。结果表明萤石和方解石的稀土元素总量（∑REE）为4.37-159μg/g, LREE/HREE比值为0.24-1.80,δEu =0.57-1.60,具弱Ce负异常（0.81-0.98）特征, Y/Ho比值为21-78,平均41。从成矿早阶段到晚阶段,∑REE值及LREE/HREE比值均逐渐减小,晚阶段萤石具有重新活化、重结晶的特征。结合赋矿地层及矿区外围花岗岩体REE特征分析,认为其成矿流体迁移距离较远,稀土元素和成矿元素可能来自下伏高F地体和含Ca赋矿火山-沉积地层,为热液成因-破碎带充填交代型萤石矿床。     

内蒙古北山地区黑鹰山铁矿、航空物探遥感异常特征

通过研究黑鹰山铁矿区航磁、遥感资料,发现与黑鹰山铁矿相对应的航磁异常特征明显,具有强度高、梯度陡,尖峰状异常特征;遥感铁氧化物异常表现突出与矿床对应较好.该项研究对该区寻找黑鹰山式铁矿有指导意义,即在北山地区,航磁强磁异常和遥感铁氧化物蚀变异常可以同时作为寻找黑鹰山式铁矿的找矿标志.     

中国锡矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征

系统地研究中国锡矿床含锡花岗岩、蚀变岩石和各种产状锡矿体中锡石的稀土元素地球化学特征，总结了含锡花岗岩成矿性评价的稀土元素地球化学定量组合标志，探讨了主要类型锡矿床的成矿物质来源和成因。     

内蒙古海拉尔盆地东珺铅锌银矿床地球化学特征

东珺矿床位于海拉尔侏罗纪火山断陷盆地,具有热液蚀变明显、断裂构造控矿显著、矿体多且规模小等特征,为一产于火山岩中的典型热液型铅锌银矿床,火山岩含碱量较高(K2O+Na2O=5.93%～8.26%).Na2O/K2O平均为1.81,轻稀土相对富集(LaN/YbN=16.72～23.31),具轻微的负Eu异常,大离子亲石元...     

宁芜玢岩铁矿磷灰石的稀土元素特征

文章分析了宁芜玢岩铁矿 4种产状磷灰石的稀土元素组成 ,并与Kiruna型铁矿和斜长岩、苏长岩及钛铁霞辉岩中磷灰石的稀土元素组成进行了对比。结果表明产地和母岩不同的矿床中 ,它们的磷灰石稀土元素分布型式一致 ,以轻稀土富集和Eu负异常明显为特征 ,属陆相岩浆成因。前 3种产状磷灰石的ΣREE变化于 30 31.48×10 -6～ 12 0 80× 10 -6,第 4种产状磷灰石的ΣREE仅为 195 8× 10 -6,反映岩浆演化到热液的晚期阶段成矿溶液稀土元素含量较低。尽管辉长闪长玢岩与磷灰石的稀土元素分布型式一致 ,但辉长闪长玢岩无Eu异常或有弱Eu正异常 ,代表它们的地幔源区低氧逸度的还原环境 ,或反映氧逸度较高情况下的分离结晶作用。不混溶作用形成的矿浆在冷凝过程中 ,Eu2 + 优先被透辉石捕获 ,使得稍晚结晶的磷灰石产生负Eu异常     

内蒙古宝音图钼矿床花岗岩稀土元素地球化学特征及花岗岩成因

宝音图钼矿床是近几年在内蒙古西部地区发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。重点研究该钼矿床成矿花岗岩稀土元素地球化学特征,探讨花岗岩成因。通过对稀土元素配分模式和特征值（∑REE-LREE/HREE、δEu-LREE/HREE相关性）的分析,对比幔源岩浆及南岭花岗岩稀土元素组成特点,结合岩石化学组成,推断宝音图成矿花岗岩属于陆壳熔融成因花岗岩。由斜长花岗岩→二长花岗岩→钾长花岗岩→细晶花岗岩,岩体成分逐渐变化。岩浆演化中有成分分异,有利于成矿,特别是晚期钾长花岗岩富集成矿元素和矿化剂元素。     

利用因子分析和分形分析识别内蒙古黑鹰山地区矿致地球化学异常

结合因子分析和分形分析对内蒙古黑鹰山地区1∶5万地球化学数据进行研究,提取了矿致地球化学异常。针对10个元素的因子分析共提取出3个因子:F1-Zn、Cd、(Cu);F2-Ag、Mo、Cu、Bi;F3-Sn、As、Pb、Sb。进而利用C-A分形分析模型对矿化因子F2进行了分形建模。从"面积-F2因子得分"双对数图中提取出4段分形拟合线,分别代表了"无找矿潜力低背景区"、"背景区"、"高背景区"、"高找矿潜力区"。后续地表检查工作中在"高找矿潜力区"发现了不同程度的矿化蚀变现象。结果表明, F2因子反映了热液成矿过程,可作为研究区主要成矿元素空间聚集的综合指标; C-A分形模型可以准确圈定F2因子"高成矿潜力区"的边界;高成矿潜力区准确指示了进一步的找矿工作。     

内蒙集宁群麻粒岩相中石榴石的稀土元素特征

采用现代高精度中子活化分析方法分析研究了内蒙集宁群麻粒岩相中石榴石的痕量稀土,原岩为火山质岩石和原岩为正常沉积岩中的石榴石显示出完全不同的稀土配分型式,认为变质岩中的石榴石,其稀土元素特征可用来判别深变质岩的原岩性质,区分正副变质岩。     

内蒙古柳坝沟金矿床石英和黄铁矿的稀土元素地球化学特征及成矿意义

内蒙古柳坝沟金矿床位于华北地台北缘,是一个典型的以广泛发育钾长石化为重要特色的金矿床.柳坝沟矿床中矿体的石英和黄铁矿的稀土元素特征显示其早期(钾长石化阶段)成矿流体为高温、相对还原的,晚期成矿流体温度逐渐降低.石英和黄铁矿Eu正异常大小是本区寻找石英-钾长石脉型金矿的重要标型特征,Eu正异常越明显,含矿性越好.柳坝沟矿区313#脉矿体中部(163勘探线附近)以及163勘探线以东区域为下一步找矿重点区域,深部寻找石英-钾长石脉型金矿的可能性较大.     

内蒙古拜仁达坝铅-锌-银矿床:元素分带及其成因

内蒙中东部拜仁达坝矿床是一个以石炭纪石英闪长岩及锡林浩特杂岩为赋矿围岩的断裂充填型热液脉状铅-锌-银多金属矿床。矿床分东西两个矿段,拜东矿区1号矿体及拜西矿区3号矿体是矿床的主要矿体。矿体沿着走向方向具有明显的矿化分带特征,锌-铜矿石、锌矿石及铅-锌-银矿石依次从矿化中心向外侧产出。代表性矿体拜东矿区1号矿体的块段金属量、平均品位及元素比值由西向东沿着走向方向显示出明显而系统的变化规律。锌的块段金属量由西向东逐渐减少,铅和银的矿段金属量则先增加后下降;锌的块段平均品位由西向东逐渐降低,铅和银的块段平均品位则先上升随后下降;Ag/Pb值先上升随后下降,Ag/Zn和Pb/Zn值则逐渐上升。这种矿化的分带性可能是成矿热液在中偏高温向低温演化的过程中,沿着矿体的走向方向从矿化中心向外侧运移,在矿体不同位置有选择地将成矿物质卸载的结果。而成矿热液在断裂系统内与不同比例大气水的混合则可能是成矿系统内温度梯度形成的重要原因。矿床中不同位置的矿物组合记录了成矿热液中硫逸度由高向低,pH值由低向高的演化过程。拜仁达坝矿床与邻近的维拉斯托矿床组成了一个由温度场控制的具有明显矿化分带现象的低硫化热液脉状多金属成矿系统。     

Rare Earth Element Behaviour in theWunugetushan Copper - Molybdenum Deposit,Inner Mongolia, and Its Implications

Considering porphyry and wall rocks as a whole system, the behaviour of rare earth elements (REE) in hydrothermal alteration and mineralization of the exceedingly large Wunugetushan porphyry Cu-Mo deposit of Inner Mongolia has been studied. It has been found for the first time that there exists complementary REE variation in hydrothermal alteration between porphyry and wall rocks, and Eu depletion has certain significance in indicating mineralization. Based on an analysis of the variation in REE contents of relevant minerals during the hydrothermal alteration, the ore-forming fluids are inferred to be depleted in ∑REE, comparatively enriched in ∑Y and strongly depleted in Eu. In the intermediate-strong alteration zones, porphyry and wall rock took part in hydrothermal metasomatism and alteration almost in equal ratio mass. Furthermore, studies of REE and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and fluid inclusions confirm the existence of hydrothermal convection and the possibility of supplying part of ore mater     

Rare Earth Element and Trace Element Features of Gold-bearing Pyrite in the Jinshan Gold Deposit, Jiangxi Province

<正>Jinshan gold deposit is located in northeastern Jiangxi,South China,which is related to the ductile shear zone.It has a gold reserve of more than 200 tons,with 80%of gold occurring in pyrite. The LREE of gold-bearing pyrite is as higher as 171.664 ppm on average,with relatively higher light rare earth elements(LREE;159.556 ppm) and lower HREE(12.108 ppm).TheΣLREE/ΣHREE ratio is 12.612 and(La/Yb)_N is 11.765.These indicate that pyrite is rich in LREE.The(La/Sm)_N ratio is 3.758 and that of(Gd/Yb)_N is 1.695.These are obvious LREE fractionations.The rare earth element(REE) distribution patterns show obvious Eu anomaly with averageδEu values of 0.664,andδCe anomalies of 1.044.REE characteristics are similar to those of wall rocks(regional metamorphic rocks),but different from those of the Dexing granodiorite porphyry and Damaoshan biotite granite.These features indicate that the ore-forming materials in the Jinshan gold deposit derived from the wall rocks, and the ore-forming fluids derived from metamorphic water.The Co/Ni ratio(average value 0.38) of pyrite suggests that the Jinshan gold deposit formed under a medium-low temperature.It is inferred from the values of high-field strength elements,LREE,Hf/Sm,Nb/La,and Th/La of the pyrite that the ore-forming fluids of the Jinshan gold deposit derived from metamorphic water with ClF.     

Geochemistry of Apatite from the Apatite-rich Iron Deposits in the Ningwu Region, East Central China

Four types of apatite have been identified in the Ningwu region.The first type of apatite is widely distributed in the middle dark colored zones(i.e.iron ores) of individual deposits.The assemblage includes magnetite,apatite and actinolite(or diopside).The second type occurs within magnetite-apatite veins in the iron ores.The third type is seen in magnetite-apatite veins and (or) nodules in host rocks(i.e.gabbro-diorite porphyry or gabbro-diorite or pyroxene diorite).The fourth type occurs within apatite-pyrite-quartz veins filling fractures in the Xiangshan Group.Rare earth elements (REE) geochemistry of apatite of the four occurrences in porphyry iron deposits is presented.The REE distribution patterns of apatite are generally similar to those of apatites in the Kiruna-type iron ores,nelsonites.They are enriched in light REE,with pronounced negative Eu anomalies.The similarity of REE distribution patterns in apatites from various deposits in different locations in the world indicates a common process of formation for various ore types,e.g. immiscibility.Early magmatic apatites contain 3031.48-12080×10~(-6) REE.Later hydrothermal apatite contains 1958×10~(-6) REE,indicating that the later hydrothermal ore-forming solution contains lower REE.Although gabbro-diorite porphyry and apatite show similar REE patterns,gabbro-diorite porphyries have no europium anomalies or feeble positive or feeble negative europium anomalies, caused both by reduction environment of mantle source region and by fractionation and crystallization(immiscibility) under a high oxygen fugacity condition.Negative Eu anomalies of apatites were formed possibly due to acquisition of Eu~(2+) by earlier diopsite during ore magma cooling. The apatites in the Aoshan and Taishan iron deposits yield a narrow variation range of ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr values from 0.7071 to 0.7073,similar to those of the volcanic and subvolcanic rocks,indicating that apatites were formed by liquid immiscibility and differentiation of intermediate and basic magmas.     

Trace Elements and Rare Earth Elements of Sulfide Minerals in the Tianqiao Pb-Zn Ore Deposit, Guizhou Province, China

Trace elements and rare earth elements (REE) of the sulfide minerals were determined by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results indicate that V, Cu, Sn, Ga, Cd, In, and Se are concentrated in sphalerite, Sb, As, Ge, and Tl are concentrated in galena, and almost all trace elements in pyrite are low. The Ga and Cd contents in the light-yellow sphalerites are higher than that in the brown and the black sphalerites. The contents of Ge, Tl, In, and Se in brown sphalerites are higher than that in light-yellow sphalerites and black sphalerites. It shows that REE concentrations are higher in pyrite than in sphalerite, and galena. In sphalerites, the REE concentration decreases from light-yellow sphalerites, brown sphalerites, to black sphalerites. The ratios of Ga/In are more than 10, and Co/Ni are less than 1 in the studied sphalerites and pyrites, respectively, indicating that the genesis of the Tianqiao Pb–Zn ore deposit might belong to sedimentary-reformed genesis associated with hydrothermal genesis. The relationship between LnGa and LnIn in sphalerite, and between LnBi and LnSb in galena, indicates that the Tianqiao Pb–Zn ore deposit might belong to sedimentary-reformed genesis. Based on the chondrite-normalized REE patterns, δEu is a negative anomaly (0.13–0.88), and δCe does not show obvious anomaly (0.88–1.31); all the samples have low total REE concentrations (<3 ppm) and a wide range of light rare earth element/high rare earth element ratios (1.12–12.35). These results indicate that the ore-forming fluids occur under a reducing environment. Comparison REE compositions and parameters of sphalerites, galenas, pyrites, ores, altered dolostone rocks, strata carbonates, and the pyrite from Lower Carboniferous Datang Formation showed that the ore-forming fluids might come from polycomponent systems, that is, different chronostratigraphic units could make an important contribution to the ore-forming fluids. Combined with the tectonic setting and previous isotopic geochemistry evidence, we conclude that the ore-deposit genesis is hydrothermal, sedimentary reformed, with multisources characteristics of ore-forming fluids.     

内蒙古阿巴嘎旗必鲁甘干钼铜多金属矿床地质特征及找矿前景

内蒙古自治区阿巴嘎旗必鲁甘干钼铜矿床,是内蒙古二连-东乌旗成矿带上近几年新发现的一个中型斑岩型矿床,矿体主要赋存于二长花岗斑岩及二叠系沉积地层中.化探工作发现,成矿元素Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu、Mo、W异常形态复杂,存在多个浓集中心,总体呈NE向展布,各元素异常浓度中心吻合,元素间套合良好.矿体形成与硅化、钾化、绢英岩化等蚀变有关,成矿与构造、岩浆活动、成矿热液活动关系密切.本文在总结该矿床的地质与化探特征基础上提出其成矿规律,为本区下一步找矿提供借鉴.