南天山坎岭铅锌矿矿床地质特征及S、Pb同位素特征研究

坎岭铅锌矿床是中国新疆南天山造山带内典型的铅锌矿床之一,矿床产于塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪隆起带内。通过野外地质调查和同位素研究发现:矿床具有后生成矿特征,赋矿围岩主要为上寒武统—奥陶系碳酸盐岩,矿体主要受构造和围岩控制,矿体形态以脉状、似层状和透镜状为主,矿石矿物组合简单,主要金属矿物为方铅矿和闪锌矿,围岩蚀变较弱。矿石S同位素组成分布较宽(δ34S=-1‰~12.2‰),硫主要来源于深部地幔及沉积地层;矿石Pb同位素组成较为均一,206Pb/204Pb值为17.262~17.269,207Pb/204Pb值为15.571~15.675,208Pb/204Pb值为38.062~38.396,通过对比矿石与主要赋矿围岩的Pb同位素特征,发现二者存在亲缘性,说明成矿金属主要由沉积地层供给。综合矿床地质、地球化学特征,初步认为坎岭铅锌矿床为赋存于台地碳酸盐岩中的MVT矿床。     

湘东北正冲金矿床成矿物质来源的S-Pb同位素示踪

长沙-平江(长-平)成矿带位于江南造山带中段,金资源储量达250余吨。该区金矿床是典型的沉积变质岩容矿的热液脉状金矿床,构造控矿特征清晰,然而巨量金来源与矿床成因尚不明确。正冲金矿床主体赋存于新元古代变质沉积岩中,矿区内同时发育少量花岗岩体,是识别不同地质体对成矿贡献的理想选择。因此,本文选取正冲金矿床,在野外宏观地质工作基础上,系统开展了成矿阶段划分与载金硫化物同位素地球化学测试等工作。正冲金矿床严格受控于NNE-NE向的长-平断裂及其次级断裂系统,矿体呈脉状,走向NW或NNE,蚀变分带不明显。正冲金矿床矿物组合简单:早阶段发育有乳白色贫矿石英与白云母;成矿主阶段为石英细脉与自然金黄铁矿毒砂-多金属硫化物-少量绿泥石;成矿晚阶段发育有石英-方解石脉。其中,黄铁矿与毒砂是矿床内自然金与不可见金重要的载体。为弱化毒砂和黄铁矿裂隙中细粒多金属硫化物对同位素地球化学结果的干扰,本次研究挑选自形、未变形的毒砂、黄铁矿颗粒测试研究。实验结果表明载金毒砂铅同位素组成~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb与~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb分别为37.867～38.285、15.555～15.663与17.743-18.073,略高于黄铁矿铅同位素组成37.774～38.268、15.547～15.660与17.670～18.021;毒砂δ~(34)S变化幅度较小(-4.7‰～-0.9‰,均值为-3.0%),略高于黄铁矿δ~(34)S值(-9.1‰～-1.1‰,均值为-4.4‰),成矿流体氧逸度约为10~(-30.7)。正冲金矿床硫、铅同位素组成与赋矿围岩、区域内岩体和斑岩型矿床同位素特征具有较大差异,说明区内岩体与赋矿地层并不是正冲金矿床成矿物质的主要来源。金矿床成矿物质具有深源特征,可能来源于比冷家溪群地层变质程度更高、沉积位置更深的变质沉积岩。结合区域地质背景、金矿床地质-地球化学特征与成矿年代学资料,推断正冲金矿床为造山型金矿床。     

阿拉善碱泉子金矿矿床地质和流体包裹体特征及其与小秦岭文峪金矿床的对比

论文通过对碱泉子金矿床和文峪金矿床成矿地质背景的认识,得出了两矿床的矿床地质特征都显示了明显的造山型热液金矿床的矿床地质特点。在此基础上对比研究了两矿床的流体包裹体特征及氢氧同位素组成特征。研究结果表明,两矿床的成矿流体均以中温、低盐度、高CO2含量为特征,这些特征也吻合了典型的造山型热液金矿床成矿流体的基本特征;两矿床氢氧同位素组成的数据投影点主要落在变质水与岩浆水的混合区附近、并有向大气降水漂移的趋势。基于以上分析结果,推断出两矿床在成矿机制方面也有很大的相似性,并由此探讨了碱泉子金矿床的成矿机制特点。     

四川木里梭罗沟金矿床成因讨论:来自年代学和硫、铅同位素的约束

四川木里县梭罗沟金矿床是甘孜-理塘金矿带上目前已查明资源储量最大的金矿床,但是其矿床成因研究薄弱,制约了深部找矿勘探工作.本次研究对其赋矿岩石和含金矿脉的锆石U-Pb年代学、载金矿物黄铁矿和毒砂的硫、铅同位素开展了研究.结果表明,梭罗沟金矿床赋矿岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄为(252.8±2.3)Ma(MSWD=0.4,n=18),指示赋矿岩石为晚三叠世曲嘎寺组碎屑岩基质中的晚二叠世玄武岩岩块.含金矿脉碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄具有4个较明显的峰值,分别为119 Ma、255 Ma、526 Ma和962 Ma.最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为(119±1.7)Ma(MSWD=0.2,n=13),指示梭罗沟矿床深部可能有隐伏的早白垩世花岗岩,并且金成矿时代晚于119 Ma.金成矿热液期的黄铁矿和毒砂的?34S值范围为4.8‰～7.79‰(平均值为6.2‰),与造山型金矿床的硫同位素相似.黄铁矿的206Pb/204Pb平均值为18.47、207Pb/204Pb平均值为15.63和208Pb/204Pb平均值为37.74,与造山带铅同位素演化一致.结合矿床地质特征,梭罗沟金矿床受晚白垩世-古近纪的韧性剪切带和走滑断裂控制,其成矿时代为119～27 Ma之间,其矿床类型为造山型金矿床.     

甘肃岗岔金矿床同位素地球化学特征及成矿物质来源探讨

岗岔金矿床为近年来新发现的中型受断裂构造控制的浅成低温热液矿床,为了探讨其成矿物质来源,对主矿脉Au3号脉矿体中的黄铁矿、赋矿围岩全岩的S、Pb同位素和矿脉中石英的H、O同位素进行了分析测试。结果显示,矿体中黄铁矿δ34S变化范围为0.6‰~1.3‰,均值为0.975‰,同位素组成比较均一,具有明显的幔源硫特征;矿体黄铁矿与赋矿围岩具有相近的Pb同位素组成,其206Pb/204Pb值为17.935~18.208(均值为18.090),207Pb/204Pb值为15.539~15.74(均值为15.568),208Pb/204Pb值为38.093~38.478(均值为38.280);μ值(238U/204Pb)介于为9.39~9.53,ω值为36.81~38.14,暗示其铅源为壳幔混合来源,且受造山作用与岩浆作用影响较为明显。矿脉中石英H、O同位素测试获得:δDH2O值为-88.6‰~-76.7‰(均值为-80.92‰),δ18OH2O值为6.53‰~8.63‰(均值为7.46‰),显示出岗岔金矿床成矿热液流体主要来自岩浆,混有少量大气降水。上述S、Pb、H、O同位素特征表明岗岔金矿床成矿物质和流体来自壳幔混源且以幔源为主。     

西秦岭李坝金矿床地质、同位素地球化学及其成因探讨

李坝金矿床位于西秦岭造山带中的礼-岷矿集区内,赋矿围岩为泥盆系浅变质细碎屑岩,矿床产于中川岩体的外侧热接触变质带内,矿体主要受断裂破碎带控制.本文在李坝金矿床地质特征研究的基础上,对赋矿围岩、花岗斑岩岩脉、矿石硫化物进行了LA-MC-ICPMS原位微区硫同位素测试及化学溶样法分析,对不同地质体的铅同位素进行了系统测定与...     

哀牢山南段长安金矿床成矿物质来源:来自S、Pb同位素的证据

哀牢山南段长安金矿床是三江造山带哀牢山成矿带南段大型矿床之一,就位于甘河断裂的脆性破碎带内,赋矿岩石以下奥陶统砂岩和碎屑岩为主。目前已知各地质体内黄铁矿的硫同位素δ34S值变化范围为-3.49‰～+3.57‰,峰值集中在+1‰～+3‰;矿石与其他围岩及岩浆岩脉的硫同位素组成的对比表明,成矿热液中硫最可能源自于地层,或者部分混染了喜山期岩浆热液中的硫。矿石铅同位素组成为:208Pb/204Pb=38.722～40.649,207Pb/204Pb=15.604～15.813,206Pb/204Pb=18.788～19.761。结果显示其变化范围相对较小,说明矿石相对富集放射成因铅;矿石铅来源于成熟度较高的上地壳,显示矿床铅更可能源自区内的白云岩、碎屑岩、粉砂岩等沉积岩类。蚀变岩和岩浆岩类的铅主要显示出造山带铅源特点,暗示矿石铅源与矿区内岩浆岩相关性较小,应主要来自赋矿围岩。区内新生代岩浆活动为矿床的进一步叠加富集提供了热源和部分成矿物质。     

青海东昆仑复合造山过程及典型造山型金矿地质

青海东昆仑是中国又一个重要的、极富潜力的金属成矿带。文章对区域地质构造环境与演化及典型金矿床地质特征进行了研究,并对区域金成矿作用进行了初步分析。结果表明,东昆仑是一个具有复杂演化历史的多旋回复合造山带,其中产出的金矿床不仅具有相似的基本地质特征,而且与早古生代和晚古生代一早中生代复合造山过程有密切的成因联系,并在产出构造环境、矿体特征、控矿构造、围岩蚀变、矿物组成和元素组合等方面与一般造山型金矿床极为相似,因此,应属典型的造山型金矿床。硫、铅同位素显示成矿物质为少量地幔与围岩地层混合的产物,金矿床主成矿时代对应于区域晚华力西一印支造山作用的晚期,流体不混溶是该区流体演化和成矿流体形成的重要机制。     

湘西合仁坪金矿床硫、铅同位素地球化学

湘西柳林汊一带广泛分布钠长石_石英脉型金矿,合仁坪金矿床是其典型代表。文章对合仁坪金矿床的硫、铅同位素进行了研究,并与区域石英脉型金矿床进行对比,探讨了该矿的成矿物质来源,并初步确定了其矿床成因。研究表明,合仁坪金矿床硫化物的δ34S值范围较窄(-4.8‰~4.4‰),平均为-0.6‰,该矿床的硫为深源硫,由深部变质流体带入;铅的同位素组成较均一,并表现出明显的造山带铅的特点。结合区域成矿作用,进一步研究揭示,合仁坪金矿床为一典型的造山型金矿,其成矿可能与湘西雪峰山地区加里东期的造山作用有关。     

滇东北火德红铅锌矿床地球化学特征与成矿机制分析

文章通过研究滇东北火德红铅锌矿床岩石地球化学和S、Pb同位素地球化学特征,分析其成矿金属和成矿流体来源,进而对其成矿机制进行探讨。围岩主量与微量元素分析结果表明,火德红铅锌矿床为后生热液矿床,铅锌等成矿金属物质随热液进入赋矿围岩,结合围岩蚀变特征判断,其应属中_低温热液成因;闪锌矿与黄铁矿的δ34S主要分布在-17‰~-11.4‰,其S源极可能来自生物成因硫酸盐还原,与川滇黔地区铅锌矿的S同位素来源(总体来自海水硫酸盐热化学还原)有着明显的不同;矿石硫化物的Pb同位素比值变化范围较窄,均为正常Pb;Pb同位素主要来自于上地壳,有少量岩浆物质混入。上述特征表明火德红铅锌矿床为构造和岩性共同控制的后生热液型矿床,其成矿机制与典型MVT型铅锌矿相似。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861