裂变径迹分析法研究河北南梁金矿床成矿时代及其热历史

河北南梁（下营坊）金矿不同蚀变带中锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹实测年龄为153.9-103.3Ma，其成矿时代应属于燕山早期，成矿时间持续50Ma以上，成矿热历史总体上是早期温度高、冷却快，晚期温度低、冷却慢，转变时间在120Ma左右，转变温度在100℃左右，呈现两期热液成矿过程，第一期热液金矿矿活动发生在150Ma前后，与花岗斑岩体的侵位有关；第二期金成矿作用发生在135Ma前后，与流纹斑岩和岩浆隐爆角砾岩的形成有关。锆石裂变径迹年龄相当于早期成矿时代，磷灰石裂变径迹年龄相当于晚期成矿时代。矿区石英-绢云母化蚀变作用发生时间不仅比钾比蚀变早，而且持续时间亦比钾化长。     

西秦岭阳山金矿带成矿热年代学:锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹研究

阳山金矿带因其独特的构造位置、超大型金资源量以及成矿后区域发生大规模隆升剥蚀事件,成为矿床学领域研究热年代学的理想选区。本文针对金矿带成矿后热历史演化开展锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹研究,获得如下成果：（1）锆石裂变径迹年龄值分布范围为(287.0±21)～(101±3) Ma(1σ),且不同岩性的年龄值各有特征,砂板岩锆石裂变径迹年龄值跨度最大(287～107 Ma),千枚岩锆石裂变径迹值分布范围为177～101 Ma,斜长花岗斑岩中锆石裂变径迹年龄值为193～185 Ma;（2）磷灰石裂变径迹年龄值分布范围为(69±7)～(46±14) Ma(1σ),径迹长度及其分布特征显示金矿带在晚白垩世—古新世的地层冷却表现为单调且缓慢地通过磷灰石裂变径迹的封闭温度。根据金矿带热历史演化分析,结合研究区古地温梯度、成矿深度数据,得出泥山矿段先于葛条湾矿段剥蚀,阳山金矿带自白垩纪以来地层总剥蚀厚度约为12.24 km,矿体剥蚀厚度上限约为880 m,推测阳山金矿带北部地层剥蚀少的矿段有较大的找矿潜力。     

西南三江甭哥与富碱侵入岩有关金矿床成矿热史的磷灰石裂变径迹年代学证据

甭哥金矿位于哀牢山-金沙江富碱斑岩成矿带的北段,属于西南三江地区与富碱侵入岩有关的典型金矿床,发生于喜马拉雅期的印-亚板块碰撞造山事件使其具有多期复合成矿的特点,矿床的成矿年代学研究较为薄弱,制约着成矿机制的研究。磷灰石裂变径迹热年代学技术是近年来研究矿床热史演化的有效手段之一,本文通过甭哥含矿岩体的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测试,获得三组裂变径迹年龄峰值:30Ma、25Ma及15Ma。利用裂变径迹热史模拟分析,揭示了甭哥金矿自喜马拉雅期以来主要经历的成矿活动热史:42～32Ma温度降幅20～30℃,冷却速率为3～3. 8℃/Ma;32～16Ma温度降幅20～10℃,冷却速率为1. 5～0. 71℃/Ma;16～6Ma发生了快速降温活动,温度降幅50～45℃,冷却速率为11～6. 25℃/Ma;前两个时期为缓慢降温阶段说明处于挤压缩短的环境,最后一个时期是快速冷却阶段,暗示这个阶段是以拉张的构造活动为主。裂变径迹热史模拟反映出甭哥金矿区经历了两个阶段的成矿过程,第一个阶段处于挤压缩短的环境与当时西南三江地区处于压扭性的构造背景相吻合,裂变径迹年龄30Ma代表了主要金矿体的形成时间;第二个阶段反映了拉张的构造环境与西南三江地区处于伸展张裂的演化机制相同,代表了锑-金矿体的形成过程,15Ma是成矿作用的具体时限;表明成矿构造活动经历了由挤压到拉伸的演化机制。通过磷灰石裂变径迹数据的模拟分析,构建了甭哥金矿在喜马拉雅期的成矿热事件过程,结果表明甭哥金矿的演化机制与西南三江地区富碱岩浆带内的成矿事件大致相同,显示甭哥金矿属于该成矿系统的一部分,两者之间具有相似的地球动力学机制。     

相山铀矿田铀多金属成矿时代与成矿热历史

相山铀矿田的铀多金属矿化主要可划分为碱性铀矿化、酸性铀矿化、铅锌银铜矿化和金矿化四种类型。通过沥青铀矿和矿化岩石U-Pb等时线、黄铁矿Rb-Sr等时线、绢云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar同位素年龄测定,结合铀多金属成矿特征研究,厘定了相山铀矿田铀多金属成矿时代,确定铀多金属矿化的成矿时序为:碱性铀矿化、铅锌银铜矿化、金矿化、酸性铀矿化。锆石裂变径迹研究表明,相山矿田铀多金属矿化样品的锆石裂变径迹峰值年龄与U-Pb、Rb-Sr和~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar同位素年龄一致性良好,裂变径迹年龄(峰值年龄)可以限定热液铀多金属成矿热事件时代。碱性铀成矿热事件的锆石裂变径迹峰值年龄为119. 8～125. 6Ma;金成矿热事件和铅锌银铜多金属成矿热事件的锆石裂变径迹峰值年龄为106. 1～113. 8Ma;酸性铀成矿热事件的锆石裂变径迹峰值年龄为86. 7～100. 0Ma;新发现一期锆石裂变径迹峰值年龄为66. 4～78. 6Ma的热事件,该期热事件可能为相山矿田最晚一期酸性铀成矿热事件。相山矿田66. 4～78. 6Ma的铀成矿热事件,与华南花岗岩型热液铀矿床的区域成矿热事件时代耦合,该发现对华南火山岩型铀矿成矿时代的重新认识,对火山岩型、花岗岩型铀矿床成矿统一性认识具有重要意义。     

云南中甸地区晚白垩世斑岩型Mo-Cu矿床磷灰石、锆石裂变径迹年代学研究

云南中甸地区位于西南三江铜钼铅锌金多金属矿集区的南端,是一个独具特色的Cu-Mo多金属复合叠加成矿带.本文采用裂变径迹低温热年代学技术对区内晚白垩世铜厂沟、休瓦促、热林成矿斑岩体,进行了锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹分析测试,开展了晚白垩世以来的构造热史演化模拟,揭示了区内构造-岩浆成矿事件及热史演化过程.研究表明,锆石裂变径迹年龄值变化于52±2～96±5 Ma;磷灰石裂变径迹的年龄值变化于15±1～48±3 Ma,总体变化幅度不大,中心年龄与池年龄在误差范围也基本一致.通过锆石、磷灰石的裂变径迹分析,揭示出云南中甸地区自晚白垩世以来主要经历了三个阶段的构造热事件.第一阶段(96～60 Ma),主要为岩浆侵位后快速降温的热史演化阶段;第二阶段(52～39 Ma),为缓慢的降温作用过程;第三阶段(16～15 Ma),揭示了受中新世以来青藏高原隆升造山作用的影响,该区经历了快速降温的地质演化过程.综合锆石裂变径迹、磷灰石裂变径迹的热史反演结果,表明区内晚白垩世典型成矿斑岩体具有相似的隆升过程和剥蚀历史,并获得了剥蚀量与剥蚀速率的定量计算结果,为区内矿床的资源潜力评价及勘查工作提供了科学参考.     

东昆仑五龙沟金矿床成矿热历史的裂变径迹热年代学证据

本文将取自五龙沟地区3个金矿体(区)的锆石和磷灰石进行裂变径迹热年代学分析,实测锆石裂变径迹年龄为197.4～235.0Ma,实测磷灰石年龄为200.5Ma,磷灰石校正年龄为244Ma,这与已有的RbSr和KAr同位素年龄范围207.1～252.9Ma基本一致,代表了相应温度时的成矿时代。热历史模拟结果显示,矿区主要经历了2次升温和降温过程,不仅体现了成矿作用的长期性,而且体现了成矿作用多期次的特征,各矿体矿石中锆石的裂变径迹年龄相差较大亦是佐证,并且符合多期次成矿的地质特征。     

四川甘孜-理塘金成矿带成矿时代与构造活动的裂变径迹研究

通过对甘孜-理塘金矿带内6个金矿区的11个磷灰石和锆石的裂变径迹数据分析,并对磷灰石数据进行热历史模拟,分析讨论了甘孜-理塘金矿带的成矿时代、构造热历史和构造事件.锆石裂变径迹结果显示金成矿时代主要为82～140Ma,属早白垩世成矿,并由南往北成矿时代具有变小的趋势,其中南段为124 ～ 140Ma,中段107Ma,北段约82Ma.磷灰石年龄亦具有同样趋势,矿石年龄为14 ～ 27Ma,围岩为88～ 95 Ma.金矿带自燕山期以来,主要经历3个演化阶段,200～ 140Ma处于退火带中,为缓慢降温期,140 ～ 30Ma为相对平缓降温阶段,30Ma以来为快速降温期.从南到北降温速率依次加快,从锆石封闭温度250℃降至磷灰石封闭温度100℃的平均速率分别为1.46℃/Ma、1.67℃/Ma和2.21℃/Ma,对应的隆升速率为48.7m/Ma、55.7m/Ma和73.7m/Ma;从100℃降至地表温度的速率为3.15℃/Ma、5℃/Ma和6.07℃/Ma,对应的隆升速率为104.9m/Ma、166.7m/Ma和202.4m/Ma.甘孜-理塘带的大规模陆内隆升主要在3Ma内,平均20℃/Ma,667m/Ma,属于快速隆升,隆升量约2km.     

胶东三山岛金矿床构造-热历史:~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar和裂变径迹年代学制约

胶东金成矿省目前已探明黄金资源储量超过4000t,是世界上最大的花岗岩容矿的单金成矿省之一。三山岛金矿床位于该金成矿省西北部,是产于早白垩世郭家岭型花岗中的世界级金矿床。锆石U-Pb数据表明该矿床内赋矿围岩郭家岭花岗岩侵位于~128Ma,其后郭家岭花岗岩快速冷却并普遍经历了亚固态韧性变形。已有绢云母Rb-Sr数据表明,该矿床大规模金成矿作用和脆性变形发生于约117Ma。本次获取的1件~99Ma白云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄揭示了主期成矿后一期微弱的构造-流体活动。4件锆石裂变径迹年龄中相对较老的单颗粒锆石年龄组分90±10Ma说明,该矿床大致于该时间段冷却至锆石裂变径迹封闭温度240±50℃。13件磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分布于69.8±7.2Ma~46.1±4.8Ma之间;8件磷灰石裂变径迹长度集中于13.1±0.2~12.3±0.2μm,并且呈单峰型略带负偏态的分布,说明该矿床大致于70~50Ma单调缓慢冷却通过磷灰石裂变径迹部分退火带125~60℃。最终,该矿床缓慢冷却剥露至现今近地表温度。相对缓慢的成矿后冷却和剥蚀以及新近深部钻探成果说明,三山岛及其周缘金矿床主断裂下盘脆性变形和热液蚀变作用叠加部位成矿潜力巨大,为有利的找矿靶区。     

广西大厂笼箱盖岩体黑云母花岗岩锆石裂变径迹年龄及其地质意义

广西大厂多金属矿田是世界级的特大型锡多金属矿床,是中国第二大产锡基地;笼箱盖岩体作为区内规模最大的岩体,与成矿有着密切关系。本文运用锆石裂变径迹测年方法制约多幕岩浆侵入活动时限,探讨其与成矿时空关系。研究表明,笼箱盖岩体的锆石裂变径迹年龄分布在160～70 Ma之间,并可划分为多个年龄组,分别为160～150 Ma、120～100 Ma和90～70Ma,具有3期明显的次热历史,揭示笼箱盖岩体的形成经历了3期岩浆侵入活动。大厂多金属矿田的成矿与早白垩世(120～100 Ma)环太平洋板块俯冲影响下的岩石圈伸展期的花岗岩侵位事件相关。岩浆侵入活动不仅为成矿提供部分含锡多金属及对活化迁移成矿元素有利的挥发性气体的初始热流体,还为早期矿化的下部地层中成矿物质迁移、富集提供强大的热能和必要的物理化学条件。     

西秦岭南缘阳山金矿带磷灰石LA-ICP-MS裂变径迹热年代学研究

位于西秦岭文县弧形构造带的阳山金矿,是勉略缝合带内已探明金资源最大的独立金矿,且金矿形成后经历多期次构造活动,因此阳山金矿是研究矿床热演化、变化与保存的理想选区,其研究成果可用来约束金成矿时限,同时定量的隆升剥蚀数据可为深部找矿及矿床储藏提供远景潜力评价依据。本文采集钻孔矿化接触带中英云闪长斑岩脉,利用LA-ICP-MS技术进行裂变径迹测年。3件样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄中心值为124.3±6.4 Ma、146.4±6.3 Ma和117±13 Ma,其中一件样品磷灰石裂变径迹平均长度为12.11μm。热历史反演的时间-温度曲线表明,在146 Ma阳山金矿带内英云闪长斑岩脉体温度下降到磷灰石裂变径迹封闭温度区间(60～120℃),即在侏罗纪晚期或白垩纪早期之后,研究区几乎没有大规模岩浆活动或热液活动,缺乏与燕山期同时期区域性岩浆活动相对应的热事件。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据分析认为,即使金矿带在喜马拉雅期可能存在微弱的热事件扰动,但岩浆热液活动规模较小且对金成矿作用贡献微乎其微。结合磷灰石热历史时间-温度曲线,阳山金矿带大规模成矿事件的时间集中在210～195 Ma区间,且热历史反演曲线未显示有...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of