西南岩溶区发展忍冬的潜力

忍冬俗称金银花,是一种药用植物。发展忍冬既可恢复生态,又能增加收益。通过总结已有文献并分析,认为金银花的主要标识特征包括木犀草苷、绿原酸、元素和土壤中量微量元素与水热条件。通过对比,川西北、横断山和昆明以北岩溶区年日照时数超过2 000h,年降雨量不足1 000mm ,贵州、云南和川南北纬25°以北岩溶区年均气温10～ 16℃ ,与道地金银花产地的气候条件一致;黑色石灰土与贵州的红色石灰土钙、镁、铜、锌含量、盐基饱和度高,基本符合道地金银花的土壤条件,但质地偏粘,需进行改良。比较而言,在西南岩溶区的云南、四川部分黑色石灰土分布区最适宜发展忍冬。在此基础上,提出了加强金银花中木犀草苷、重金属元素测量和影响金银花品质的环境因子的实验研究等建议。      

宁夏红柳煤矿直罗组下段含水层富水性评价

宁夏红柳煤矿自2009年9月份开始回采以来,矿井首采工作面2#煤顶板多次发生较大规模涌水,造成了较大的经济损失。在综合分析井田水文地质条件基础上,研究影响含水层富水性的多个地学信息,确定了含水层厚度、单位涌水量、渗透系数、脆塑性岩厚度比、岩心采取率、冲洗液消耗量等6个主控因素;应用基于GIS的层次分析法(AHP),确定了各主控因素对富水性影响的权重,计算出了富水性指数,最后建立了富水性分区图,对矿井安全生产具有指导作用。     

宁夏煤炭资源可持续发展与采矿区生态环境保护

本文以宁夏煤矿资源的开发为例，阐述了可持续发展的重要意义，以及宁夏煤矿资源开发引发的地质灾害及其危害性，随后阐述了实现宁夏煤矿资源可持续发展应采取的措施，最后提出了矿区地质灾害防治和生态保护的措施。     

福建沿海地区芦柑的地质环境适宜性评价

通过福建省沿海地区不同地质环境区芦柑果实、叶片、果园土壤营养元素含量的对比，在芦柑品质评判、土壤和叶片营养诊断的基础上，分析了影响芦柑品质和产量的地貌、地质、地球化学因素。认为农作物营养平衡是制约农产品品质、产量的主要因素，而地质地球化学环境是影响农作物营养平衡的主要因素，其中土壤pH值偏低和ca等元素缺乏对芦柑品质影响最大。提出了优质高产芦柑果园土壤营养元素全量的诊断标准。土壤pH值偏低和ca等元素缺乏问题对柑橘生产的影响可以通过土壤改良、合理施肥加以解决。     

宁夏回游自治区水文特性

宁夏位于西北地区东部，是西部大开发的前沿阵地，宁夏土地面积虽小，但南北跨越5个纬度，各水文要素变化复杂。应用最新的资料，分析了宁夏回族自治区降水、蒸发、径流、暴雨洪水、泥沙、水化学、冰情水文要素的特性。     

基于GIS评价活动断裂对公路的影响——以宁夏地区为例

为了查清活动断裂对公路的影响,总结了宁夏地区9条全新世活动断裂的基本特征和活动性,确定了评价和预测活动断裂对公路工程影响的指标体系,并建立了分级标准。采用优先排序法对指标进行筛选和优化,运用主成分分析法确定权重,选用多级模糊综合评判法建立了评价模型。以ARCGIS9为平台,建立了宁夏地区活动断裂空间数据库,运用矢量叠加运算实现了宁夏地区活动断裂对公路影响的现状评价,运用栅格叠加运算实现了宁夏地区海原活动断裂带对公路影响的预测评价。预测结果表明,宁夏地区对公路影响大的海原活动断裂面积为12．34km2,占全区总面积的1．0％;影响较大的为271．28km2,占总面积的21．4％;影响中等的为400．05km2,占总面积的31．6％;影响小的为585．04km2,占总面积的46．0％。     

宁夏引黄灌区耕地土壤盐渍化现状及影响因素调查研究

从宁夏引黄灌区土壤盐渍化现状入手,分析了形成盐渍化的影响因素,为灌区农田基本建设规划、水系改造规划,宁夏节水型社会规划和"十一五"水利规划提供技术支撑.     

宁夏：开展深部煤炭资源地下气化试验

近日,宁夏地矿局、宁夏发电集团与新奥气化采煤有限公司、中国矿业大学签署了宁夏深部煤炭资源地下气化试验合作意向书,推进宁夏深部煤炭资源的开发与利用,提高宁夏煤炭地下气化技术研究和应用水平。     

宁夏向沙漠要地经验考

作为全国生态最脆弱的省区之一，宁夏人治沙可谓历史久远。从草方格控沙到沙地里长出香甜的硒砂瓜，再到今天的沙漠月光温室，宁夏治沙已经进入了革命性的第三阶段。     

宁夏汛期地质灾害预报模型研究

文章通过二十多年来宁夏发生地质灾害的概况，阐述了宁夏主要地质灾害类型、分布和形成机理。针对地质灾害易发区的分布状况及降雨对地质灾害的触发作用，初步探讨了降雨与地质灾害发生之间的关系，建立了汛期地质灾害预报模型。分析了该模型在2004年地质灾害预报中的应用情况及实用性，为进一步做好地质灾害气象预报工作打下一定的基础。     

GPS技术在鸳鸯湖矿区的应用

鸳鸯湖矿区位于宁夏回族自治区宁东煤田,该次GPS作业利用3个三等三角点作为起算数据,2个四等三角点作为检核数据,进行网平差及高程拟合。外业数据质量检验结果表明其重复基线及同、异步环闭合差均小于限差,符合规范要求。内业数据处理采用广播星历网基线处理,无约束平差、约束平差基线分量改正绝对值均小于限差值。6个水准点的网平差高程拟合结果证实GPS高程精度优于三角高程。测量成果经宁夏测绘产品质量监督检查站检查,成果精度达到《全球定位系统（GPS）测量规范》（GB/T18314-2001）的有关精度要求。说明鸳鸯湖矿区清水营井田GPS控制网的成果可靠。     

盐池县地下水水质分布特征及成因分析

通过对333组地下水质资料分析,查清了盐池县境内地下水化学类型以SO42-型为主,水质以高氟化物、高TDS为主要特征,第三系岩层中石膏的广泛分布是影响水质的主要因素。低氟淡水主要赋存于骆驼井第四系风积砂分布区。结合其他资料,圈定骆驼井、高沙窝、大水坑三处水质较好的富水地段具有一定的开采潜力。     

Comprehensive evaluation of ice disaster risk of the Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach in the upper Yellow River

The Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach, in the upper Yellow River, is one of the most serious reaches suffering from ice flood disaster in China. Firstly, according to its characteristics of ice condition evolution and ice disaster, the concept of ice disaster risk of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was defined, the risk factors of ice disaster were discussed, and the theory and method of “risk identification–risk estimation–risk assessment–risk management” for the ice disaster risk analysis of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was proposed. Then, the comprehensive evaluation model of ice disaster risk was established using the projection pursuit, fuzzy clustering and accelerating genetic algorithm method. Finally, the ice disaster risk grade was formulated, and the ice disaster risk of 1991–2010 for the Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was evaluated in this paper. The results show that the application results were consistent with the practical characteristics of water regime, meteorological and ice condition, revealing the rationality of the risk evaluation model. This study aims at enriching and developing the theory and method for the ice disaster risk analysis and providing scientific decision basis for the ice-prevention preparedness of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach, in the upper Yellow River.     

Comprehensive evaluation of ice disaster risk of the Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach in the upper Yellow River

The Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach, in the upper Yellow River, is one of the most serious reaches suffering from ice flood disaster in China. Firstly, according to its characteristics of ice condition evolution and ice disaster, the concept of ice disaster risk of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was defined, the risk factors of ice disaster were discussed, and the theory and method of “risk identification–risk estimation–risk assessment–risk management” for the ice disaster risk analysis of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was proposed. Then, the comprehensive evaluation model of ice disaster risk was established using the projection pursuit, fuzzy clustering and accelerating genetic algorithm method. Finally, the ice disaster risk grade was formulated, and the ice disaster risk of 1991–2010 for the Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach was evaluated in this paper. The results show that the application results were consistent with the practical characteristics of water regime, meteorological and ice condition, revealing the rationality of the risk evaluation model. This study aims at enriching and developing the theory and method for the ice disaster risk analysis and providing scientific decision basis for the ice-prevention preparedness of Ningxia–Inner Mongolia Reach, in the upper Yellow River.

     

宁夏水资源现状、问题及对策

宁夏地处西北内陆干旱地区,水资源极为匮乏,属于重度缺水区,从城市发展和水资源危机的角度出发对宁夏省水资源现状进行研究,以期为宁夏城市可持续发展提供依据.宁夏在开发利用中,主要存在水资源供需矛盾突出、防洪抗灾体系不完善、农村水利基础设施薄弱、水土流失、水污染等水环境问题严重、制约水利发展的体制性和机制性障碍问题还比较突出...     

Simulation Study of the Climate Change Impact on the Rice and its Adaptability in Ningxia Province

Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia, as the top rice production area of high quality and quantity, has a long history in rice planting. The studies of the effective measures for the rice production replying the climate change were very important for reducing the harm of the future climate change and crop supply safety in Ningxia Province. Based on the coupling of the PRECIS model and the crop model CERES Rice, the effects of climate change on the rice production and growth stage in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province were simulated and evaluated, and the adaptability measures of rice production were studied. The results showed that the CERES Rice model had the preferable simulation capability, and the modified PRECIS model also could preferably simulate the required climate parameter. The crop model simulation results showed that the climate change had some influence on the rice production and growth stage in Yinhuang Irrigation District. The rice production goes down under future climate change scenarios in Ningxia Province. The trend of reduction of 2050s is more apparent than that of 2020s under the same scenarios,but the spatial change trend is similar. The extent and range of reduction of A2 scenario are wider than that of B2 scenario in the same period, but spatial change trend is different. For the change of growth stage, there has no obvious change in the north and the central part of the Yinhuang Irrigation District. The duration in 2050s shortens more obviously than that of 2020s under the same scenario, and the duration under B2 scenario shortens more obviously than that under A2 scenario in the same period. The results of adjusting the sowing date and the rice variety parameter G4 showed that the negative impact of climate change on the rice production can be reduced by sowing date advance in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province. There has obvious difference for the optimal G4 values of different region in Yinhuang Irrigation District, and the rice production can also be effectively upraised by adjusting the rice variety characteristic and cultivating the heat resistant rice varieties. The optimal G4 values can mitigate the damage of climate change on the rice production in Yinhuang Irrigation District in Ningxia Province.     

1961-2009年宁夏大到暴雪气候特征和变化规律

选取宁夏20个气象观测站的天气现象和降水量观测资料,运用合成、Le Page检测、Mexihat小波变换和最大熵谱法,分析了宁夏大到暴雪发生次数的气候特征和年际、年代际的变化规律及其突变和周期.结果表明：宁夏大到暴雪多发生在春季和秋季,南多北少地域特征明显,15mm以下大到暴雪出现频次高,年际、年代际的变化特征明显,连...     

宁南山区黄土滑坡形成机理探讨

宁南山区地貌以黄土丘陵区为主,特殊的地质构造部位,造就了广泛发育的黄土滑坡。本文依据县市地质灾害调查与区划所获取的大量数据,通过统计分析,对黄土滑坡产生的地质环境条件、黄土滑坡特性等进行了研究,将宁南黄土滑坡归纳为重力卸荷和地震破坏二种不同类型,同时对其形成机理进行了探讨分析与研究,最终给出宁南山区黄土滑坡防范要点。     

全国地下水质分布及变化特征

以2013—2017年地下水监测站点水质监测数据为基础,统计地下水质监测指标的变化特征,筛查影响地下水质的主要指标,研究地下水质变化规律。选取2013—2017年具备连续监测数据的地下水监测井,对常规20项监测指标进行分析。研究发现:就监测站点水质指标而言,总硬度、铁、锰、“三氮”等超标率均达到了10%及以上,是导致地下水水质恶化的主要指标。总硬度超标集中在华北、东北、西南和西北地区的监测井,超标率在各省市间差别较大。氨氮超标率在各省市地区的监测井中差别较大,超标较为严重的省份是黑龙江、江苏、广东和宁夏。硝酸盐氮超标率年际变化稳定,华北、东北和西北地区的监测井中硝酸盐氮超标较为严重。亚硝酸盐氮超标在华北、东北和西北,以及上海、江苏、湖北、广西和贵州的监测井中较为严重。铁、锰超标主要集中在华北、华东、中南地区的监测井中,东三省、安徽、湖北、四川、宁夏等省份尤其严重。基于地下水监测井统计数据,在全国尺度上对地下水质量进行了综合分析评价,总结出了地下水监测中需要着重关注的指标,如“三氮”总硬度,铁、锰等。     

宁夏水资源问题研究

宁夏地处西北内陆干旱地区,水资源极为匮乏,属于重度缺水区。随着宁夏经济持续快速发展,水资源供需矛盾日渐突出。本文通过调查宁夏水资源的基本情况,对宁夏水资源开发、利用中存在的问题进行分析,探讨其问题的根源,按照充分合理利用宁夏现有水资源的宗旨,提出了宁夏今后在进行水资源利用、调度、分配和管理方面新的对策,以实现宁夏水资源的可持续利用。