内蒙黄玉川煤矿4#煤层顶板稳定性评价

煤层顶板稳定性是影响煤矿安全生产的主要因素之一。通过分析影响顶板稳定的地质因素,运用岩石力学、分形理论以及沉积岩石学等方法,结合钻孔、地震资料选取定量评价指标,在AHP—模糊综合评价模型的基础上,应用Mathematica对4煤顶板进行了综合分区。结果表明:煤层顶板稳定性主要由顶板岩石力学性质和构造发育程度控制;研究区4煤顶板以泥岩、粉砂质泥岩为主,岩石力学强度低,小构造较发育,顶板完整性差,将顶板分为极不稳定、不稳定、较稳定和稳定四类。首采区中部顶板构造较复杂,岩石力学性质差,多为不稳定、极不稳定型顶板;东南部稳定性较好,利于大采高综采生产。     

邢台显德汪井田煤层顶板稳定性评价与预测

在分析影响显德江井田1号煤层顶板稳定性主要地质因素的基础上，采用综合指数法对煤层顶板稳定性进行了评价与预测，其结果将为采煤工作面顶板管理提供科学依据。     

内蒙古鲁蒙能源鹰骏三号矿井工程地质特征

内蒙古鲁蒙能源鹰骏三号矿井赋煤地层为侏罗系,煤层围岩为陆相沉积,胶结较差,其稳定性影响着煤矿的安全绿色开采。采用岩体质量系数法、岩体质量指标法等方法,对2煤、2_下煤、5煤、8煤及15煤的围岩岩体质量和稳定性进行了评价。结果表明,2煤、5煤、8煤和15煤顶板均为不稳定顶板,煤层掘进回采时要采取软弱岩层支护措施,防止顶板冒落事故的发生。煤层底板岩石抗压强度大多小于10MPa,水稳性差,为软弱破碎底板,在掘进回采时要密切注意煤层底板稳定性变化情况,防止底鼓现象的发生。     

基于灰熵法的深部煤层瓦斯含量影响因素分析及预测

为了提高深部煤层瓦斯含量的预测精度,提出了采用灰熵分析法对瓦斯含量影响因素进行研究,以潘三矿深部11-2煤层为例,根据灰熵关联度的大小选取不同的影响因素分别建立了GM（1,3）、GM（1,4）和GM（1,5）预测模型,依据精度检验结果选择精度更高的瓦斯预测模型。研究结果表明,影响潘三矿深部11-2煤层瓦斯含量的因素重要程度从大到小依次为:主断层距离、煤层埋深、煤厚、顶板砂泥比、煤层倾角。由此建立的3个模型的预测精度都在合格以上,其中GM（1,4）模型预测精度达到了1级,平均相对误差为5.063 6%,可采用该模型对11-2煤层瓦斯含量进行预测,为深部煤与瓦斯安全高效开采提供可靠依据。      

永陇矿区LYL井田2号煤层顶板沉积环境及其稳定性评价

为了对煤层顶板稳定性做出合理的评价,从沉积环境入手,通过顶板岩层精细划分对比、岩心精细描述、各类岩石样品的系统采集及测试分析,结合地球物理测井（包括水文测井）、抽水试验、矿井生产资料等,研究顶板沉积环境及其与工程地质、水文地质的关系。结果表明:研究区煤层顶板的沉积环境为曲流河沉积,主要发育泛滥平原沉积微相,零星的发育决口扇、点砂坝沉积微相。泛滥平原顶板岩石稳定性差,点砂坝、决口扇顶板稳定性中等。顶板直接含水层主要形成于延安组曲流河中的决口扇、点砂坝沉积微相形成的中-厚层状透镜状砂岩中;直罗组底部的砂岩含水层形成于多期河道砂岩纵向叠置形成的巨厚层状砂岩中。沉积环境不仅影响煤层顶板工程地质特征而且影响煤层顶板含水层的分布、富水性、导水裂隙带的高度等水文地质特征。      

兖州煤田顶板构造特点及其稳定性

煤层顶板断裂构造是煤层顶板稳定性影响因素中最重要的因素,以兖州煤田鲍店煤矿为例,分析了兖州煤田顶板断裂构造特点,探讨其对煤层顶板稳定性影响,分析了小断裂对煤层顶板的稳定性影响,断裂密集区的煤层顶板最易垮落,特别是交错断裂区更易产生顶板垮落式冒顶.     

三维地震技术在煤层顶板稳定性研究中的应用

龙固井田为全隐蔽的华北型煤田,位于巨野煤田中部,其首采扩大区主采煤层为3号煤层。考虑3煤层顶板稳定性主要受其顶板的构造信息和岩性信息影响,因此首先依据三维地震勘探综合解释成果及波阻抗反演解释成果对二者进行定量化,然后对波阻抗数据进行归一化处理,使得波阻抗数据和量化后的构造数据具有相同的变化范围及等量贡献。在此距离范围内构造和岩性的权值各为0．5,依此生成综合因素煤层顶板稳定性隶属度。分析3煤层顶板以上10m、20m处的综合因素煤层顶板稳定性隶属度图可以发现,该区3煤层顶板稳定性比较好。且其稳定性主要是受构造因素控制,岩性因素相对影响较小。     

淮南煤田口孜集勘查区深部煤层顶、底板工程地质特征研究

口孜集勘查区矿井目前正处于开发阶段,深部煤层顶、底板的稳定性对煤层开采方法具有很大的影响。在分析煤层顶、底板岩性在平面上变化规律的基础上,结合岩石物理力学性质,对影响煤层顶底板稳定性的因素进行了研究。依据本区顶板岩石的单轴抗压强度,结合钻孔工程地质编录RQD值和煤层开采的采高比,对主采煤层进行了工程地质分类,其中13-1煤层顶板在东北部及中部以周期来压顶板为主,而8煤在东南及西北部也以周期来压为主。另外,对该区深部开采的工程地质问题进行了预测,根据预测结果提出了相应的预防措施。     

临涣矿区界沟煤矿工程地质条件研究

根据主采煤层顶底板岩体岩性类型及结构面发育程度对其稳定性进行了评价：72煤层顶板以中等稳定一不稳定类型为主,82煤层顶板以中等稳定类型为主,10煤层顶板以中等稳定一稳定类型为主。在大量统计见煤点硬质岩百分含量（k值）的基础上,结合顶板岩石的单轴抗压强度,对各主采煤层顶底板工程地质类型进行了划分：72煤层以一、二类顶板为主,82、10煤层均以五类顶板为主。综合评价该矿工程地质条件为中等即Ⅲ类二型。根据研究成果,指出该矿在采掘过程中可能出现的工程地质问题,并依此提出了治理建议。     

声波测井在煤层顶板稳定性评价中的应用效果

通过测井技术,用获得的强度指数(R)来评价岩石强度,其结果与地质研究结论是一致的,也就是说,用声波测井可直接判断煤层顶板的稳定性。实践表明,越靠近煤田边界煤层顶板岩石强度指数越小,顶板也越不稳定,越靠近煤田中心部位煤层顶板岩石强度指数越大,煤层顶板也越稳定。     

晋城市王坡煤矿铁路专运线柏树底隧道下伏采空区治理

采空区是煤层开采所致。在煤矿开采的同时，也要做好对采空区的处置，消除其对上部建筑物稳定和安全的不良影响。晋城市王坡煤矿柏树底隧道下伏采空区，涉及6个煤矿，开采规模大小不等，开采时间长短有别。其顶板基本为自然跨落方式，上覆岩层软硬相间，致使采空区至今尚未完全塌陷冒落，处于不稳定状态。其上部裂隙带比较发育，向上逐渐减弱直至地表，直接关系到覆岩工程地质的稳定性。本文介绍了王坡煤矿柏树底隧道下伏采空区的基本情况，环境地质条件，工程地质评价，分析了采空区对铁路隧道工程的危害，论述了采用全充填压力注浆治理采空区的工艺步骤和质量检验方法。     

潘三矿C13-1煤层煤与瓦斯突出机理探讨

淮南矿务局潘三矿自建井以来共发生十多次煤及瓦斯突出,给煤矿生产造成严重危害,通过对典型实例的描述、结合矿井地质资料的分析,认为媒矿及瓦斯突出与矿区的地质构造带有直接的关系,且分布范围局限,建议对地质构造应力较为集中的地带进行监控、分析、预测。     

Evaluation of the Effect of Fault on the Stability of Underground Workings of Coal Mine through DEM and Statistical Analysis

The rock mass around an excavation is generally traversed by different geological discontinuities such as faults, folds, slips, joints, etc. Fault is one of the major geological discontinuities which creates lot of difficulties during underground winning of coal. Entire stress regime and ground conditions in the formation are altered in and around the faults. Faults also impose detrimental effects by introducing impurities, including clay and various forms of mineral matter into the coal seams; opening of pathways for the influx of water and gas into the underground workings; displacing the coal seams upward/downwards making the coal seams difficult or sometimes impractical to mine. Appropriate evaluation of the effect of the fault on the stability of the underground workings is a requisite for safe design of the underground mining structures. In this paper, a study has been carried out to assess the effect of the fault on the stability of underground coal mines by numerical simulation with distinct element method (DEM). On the calibrated DEM model, parametric study has been performed by varying the selected parameters, the dip and the friction angles of the fault. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that both the factors have statistically significant effect on the strength of the coal pillar. Similarly, the displacement of the immediate roof and the height of the disturbed strata are evaluated by the DEM modelling and statistical analysis when the fault passes through the middle of the gallery. The results of ANOVA for both cases indicate that the both factors have significant effect on the displacement of the immediate roof and the height of the disturbed strata. It is obtained from the study that the low angle fault causes high instability in the immediate roof. The paper has been supplemented with the field observations where instability in underground roadways of a coal mine in India is caused by the fault. It was observed in VK-7 incline mine of Singareni Collieries Company Limited, India that there was sudden failure of immediate roof of a roadway where a low angle fault crosses the middle of the roadway. The findings of the paper help to understand the behaviour of the coal pillar and the surrounding rock mass in the presence of the fault. The study would also help to take appropriate decisions about the unstable regions of the working safeguarding safety in underground coal mines.     

煤矿开采岩体稳定性研究

煤矿开采岩体稳定性研究一直是人们普遍关注的课题。本文对影响岩体稳定性的因素进行了分析,提出了岩体稳定性的研究方法,并以协庄矿为例,对顶板稳定性进行了预测,为煤矿开采岩体稳定性预测提供了一条途径。     

Evaluation on Water Burst (inrush) Risks on 15# Coal Seam Roof of Shigejie Coal Mine of Shaanxi Lu’an Group

Based on the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions and water burst (inrush) conditions on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine of Shanxi Lu’an Group, this article evaluated the water burst (inrush) risks on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine with the multi-source information composite technology and marked out the zones with medium and small water burst (inrush) risks on 15# coal seam roof of Shigejie coal mine. The targeted water prevention and control measures were proposed in accordance with the results of research evaluation     

A Grey Fuzzy Comprehensive Model for Evaluation of Geological Structure Complexity

Several structure sets (faults and folds) are characterized by their self-similarity properties. Herein, we discuss the degrees of complexity of fractures by introducing the box-counting fractal dimension of faults as a key criterion to be used in comprehensive fuzzy analysis model for evaluation of the complexity of structures. Totally, eight criteria including density, intensity, length of faults, types and box-counting fractal dimension of faults, the intersection angle between faults and coal beds, gradient coefficients, dip angles of the coal beds, and variation coefficients of dip angles of the coal seams, were used for the evaluation purpose. The grey fuzzy comprehensive assessment model was used to rank the relative importance of these criteria. Scores indicating the complexity of structure were calculated on the base of criteria values and their weights for each sub-area of the study area in the Pansan (潘三) coal mine district in the southern Anhui (安徽) Province, China. The result on the calculated complexity of structure is useful for mining planning in the study area.     

顶板突(涌)水危险性“双图”评价技术与应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘新上海一号煤矿为例

为解决煤层顶板突水预测预报评价难题,在提出了富水性指数和突水危险性指数的基础上,以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘新上海一号煤矿为研究对象,应用富水性指数和突水危险性指数的双图,对三个采煤工作面顶板突水危险性进行评价,结果表明,采煤活动位于富水区又位于突水危险区是顶板突（涌）水的充要条件。      

陕北侏罗纪煤田三角洲平原沉积环境及其岩石力学特征

三角洲平原沉积环境是陕北侏罗纪煤田煤炭资源的主要形成环境之一,为获得不同环境煤层顶板岩石力学参数特征,进一步探究沉积环境与岩石力学特征之间的关系,首先从区域沉积环境分析入手,然后运用岩心精细描述、沉积构造分析、地球物理测井分析等技术,识别微相、划分顶板沉积微相类型及其组合特征;之后对不同沉积环境中不同位置、不同岩性的岩石进行系统地分层采样和测试分析;最后综合分析煤层顶板各沉积微相的岩石力学特征。结果表明,煤层直接顶板以泥岩、粉砂质泥岩为主,形成于三角洲平原亚相中的沼泽、湖泊沉积微相,局部见粉砂岩、细粒砂岩形成于分流河道和天然堤微相;基本顶主要以中-细粒砂岩为主,形成于分流河道沉积微相;沉积环境不仅控制煤层顶板岩性分布而且控制岩石力学参数及其含水层富水性的分布,其中,湖泊、沼泽相泥岩顶板区是顶板支护的重点部位,多期分流河道砂岩叠置顶板区是未来矿井防治水以及探放水的重点区域。