河北省现代化进程综合评估与对策研究

该文对河北省现代化目标，即“世界中等发达国家水平”进行理论界定，对河北省现代化实现程度进行综合评估。研究表明，河北省传统工业化时代的现代化实现程度已达到68．70％，略低于全国平均水平(72．30％)，表明河北省已经在传统工业化道路上走过了三分之二的路程；河北省相对于当代世界中等发达国家水平的实现程度为40．39％，接近于全国平均水平(42．15％)。提出构筑河北省创新体系，加速河北省现代化进程的若干政策建议。     

云南省2003年的生态足迹分析

实现区域的可持续发展，是目前研究的热点问题之一。以云南省2003年的统计数据为基础，运用生态足迹模型对云南省的生态-经济协调状况进行了计算分析，结果表明：云南省2003年的人均生态足迹为1．483hm^2，可直接利用的人均生态承载力为1．253hm^2，人均存在的生态赤字为0．23hm^2／人，这充分说明了当前的经济发展已超过了区域自身的承载能力。     

云南省滇中地区工业结构模糊聚类分析

运用模糊聚类分析法对云南省滇中7个市、地区的工业结构进行模糊聚类分析。结果滇中分为4类地区，第一类地区为昆明市；第二类地区为曲靖市、红河州；第三类地区为玉溪市、楚雄州和大理市；第四类地区为丽江市。分析结果与云南省滇中地区工业产业结构的实际情况比较吻合。     

山地灾害与山地生态环境演变相互耦合作用——以昆明市东川区为例

通过对泥石流灾害典型区云南省昆明市东川区山地自然环境和人类经济活动即土地利用状况的剖析，分析了东川区泥石流灾害暴发频率和强度，以及其灾害的兴衰与山地自然环境和人类经济活动互为耦合作用的关系。当人们加大环境修复力度和合理地利用山地土地资源时，可以在一定程度上控制泥石流灾害，并达到优化山地生态环境，实现可持续发展。     

生态位理论在昆明市土地利用结构优化中的应用

土地利用的效益及潜力可用土地利用的生态位来描述。借助生态位理论,通过分析昆明市（1996～2004年）土地利用类型面积及土地利用类型面积变化情况,并结合土地利用的经济生态位模型,计算了昆明市1999～2006年土地利用类型间相互作用的强度。结果表明昆明市农用地与建设用地经济生态位位差较大,经济发展和城市化进程更加剧了建设用地占用农用地的速度和强度;农用地内部各种土地利用类型的生态位宽度,耕地和牧草地最高且逐年增加,而林地处于较低水平,反映出昆明市需要依靠内部土地利用结构的调整来提高农用地生态位,从而实现土地资源的合理利用与优化配置。     

云南省雨量站网评价结果浅析

根据雨量站网评价结果，结合云南省的实际情况，从雨量站的高程控制情况、河流分布与雨量站网的匹配状况、区域代表站及小河站的配套雨量站需求、面雨量计算的需求、水情信息报汛配套站需求等方面，采用面平均相关法、经验公式法等分项评价方法，对现状雨量站网的密度和满足程度作客观评价，提出云南省雨量站网的设站目标为2690～3208站，为雨量站网规划和站点布设提供科学依据。     

基于县域数据的云南省农村贫困格局及其影响因素研究（英文）

对县域农村贫困的认识是扶贫开发精准施策的基本前提。云南省是我国贫困县数量最多的省份,贫困人口多、分布范围广、贫困程度深、扶贫难度大。本文基于农村贫困发生率数据刻画了2010年和2015年云南省县域农村贫困格局,并运用逐步回归分析探索影响云南省县域层面农村贫困发生率及其变化的主要因素。研究发现,云南省县域农村贫困受自然条件和地理环境的影响颇深,2010年和2015年,在空间上均呈现出中部地区贫困程度较轻,西北、东北和南部地区贫困程度较深的整体格局,县域贫困格局与云南省地形地貌、集中连片特困区有较强的吻合性;云南省县域农村贫困发生率与农村居民年人均纯收入和农业机械化程度有较强相关性,这两个指标关系到农村居民生活水平和维持生计的农业生产情况;2010–2015年,云南省县域农村贫困发生率的变化与第一产业增加值和农业机械化程度显著相关,说明第一产业的发展在云南省县域农村居民脱贫致富的过程中起到关键作用。因此,对云南省农村地区而言,农民年人均纯收入以及农业生产水平的提高仍是其脱贫解困的主攻方向,云南省在脱贫攻坚阶段应重点围绕农民增收和农业生产经营两方面制定有效的扶贫政策措施。     

云南省食用菌产业物流网络研究

构建合理高效的农产品物流网络,是实现农产品流通与增值并促进区域农业发展的重要基础。为构建云南省食用菌物流网络,分析了2004—2015年食用菌产业数据,揭示了食用菌产业的分散化、边缘化、不均衡的空间分布特征。从资源状况、社会经济、交通区位3个方面提出了物流节点等级的评价指标体系。依据货运联系强度模型确定轴心城市辐射范围,构建了以昆明市、曲靖市、楚雄州为中心城市圈,辐射带动滇东北、滇南的滇中食用菌物流圈和以大理州为物流核心、辐射带动滇西北地区的滇西食用菌物流圈。并以此形成云南省食用菌轴辐式物流网络。     

阔步迈进21世纪的云南地理所

在全国科学大会的春风吹拂下，云南省地理研究所于1978年10月21日成立。经过了20多年的发展，尤其是“九五”期间的发展，成就喜人。云南地理所作为省科技厅直属单位中唯一保留的研究类型单位，是以探索人口、资源、环境与经济协调发展，以地理科学应用为主的公益性科研机构。“九五”期间，一共主持了78项课题，获得了1370万元的科研经费。获得云南省自然科学二等奖2项，云南省科技进步二等奖2项及一批各级科技奖。出版学术著作17部。发表论文283篇，其中有5篇被SCI收录。在职人员中，有5人获博士学位，2人在读博士生，出国进修、培训29人次。3人破格晋升研究员，2人破格晋副研究员，在现有的20名高级科研人员中，90％是45岁以下的科研骨干。有1人入选全国“百千万人才工程”，2人作为云南省中青年学术技术带头人。主办、承办了3次国际性学术研讨会，2次海峡两岸学术研讨会，2次全国性、3次全省性学术会议。有56人次到国外参加学术交流和合作。实行了全员定岗定责合同制，行政管理岗位减少了一半。获得昆明市文明单位称号。涌现出全国先进工作者、全国三八红旗手等一批先进个人。以坚实的步伐迈进新的世纪。     

基于GIS和Repast集成的昆明市主城区人口空间分布仿真建模研究

对Repast以及由RepastS构建仿真模型的基本流程作了简单介绍,并以昆明市主城区为例,以RepastS松散集成GIS,构建了一个反映城市人口空间分布的仿真模型。模型首先将昆明市主城区的324万总人口分为3240个Agent,选取对人口空间分布影响较大的交通、经济、行政驻地、企事业单位、水体、坡度六类因素作为影响因子,运用主成份分析功能以及专家打分的方式对各影响因子分别赋予对人口空间分布的影响权重以及自身的影响度值,建立影响Agent随机移动以及停留的函数模型。模型根据Agent最终停留的坐标自动计算落在每一个行政区内的Agent个数。将模拟结果与昆明市主城区实际人口分布数据进行对比,结果表明模型的仿真度较高,证明模型的构建是成功的。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,