基于VisualDB的南海海洋科学数据产品服务系统

基于VisualDB可视化数据管理技术和3层架构思想,设计并实现了南海海洋科学数据产品服务系统,用户可通过浏览器对南海海洋科学数据产品进行可视化查询、检索与获取;介绍了VisualDB的应用,就系统的体系结构设计、可视化数据管理、发布与共享服务功能进行了详细的描述;最后就ViusalDB的一些技术特性对南海海洋科学数据产品服务系统的扩展性作了探讨。文章对于完善南海海洋科学数据库的数据服务形式、建立南海海洋共享服务体系起到一定的作用。     

海洋生物技术育种的安全性控制与海洋农牧化

海洋基因工程技术产业化前景广阔,市场潜力巨大,是当前世界海洋农牧化技术发展的主流。然而,从环境、生态、生物多样性、人体遗传与健康角度考虑,基因工程技术的发展过程中必须加强安全性控制。从国际经验来看,基因、转基因产品的产业化有较大的推广阻力。离不开市场化运营、政策引导和国家投资。与传统产品相比,在发展基因工程技术的同时,制定与国际接轨的基因技术产品发展政策、生产与控制规程以及相关标准势在必趋。     

海洋地理信息产品远程保障模式研究

探讨如何改变传统的保障方式,建立新的海洋地理信息产品的远程保障模式。从有线网络技术、无线3G技术和卫星通信技术三个方面论述了新的远程保障模式运行框架,提出了建立新的保障模式技术路线。远程传输测试表明,三种形式的远程保障可行、高效、实用,可以进一步研制开发相应的软硬件实体平台。     

基于中医药文化与湘绣相融合的文创产品设计与思考

随着中医药产业的延伸发展,在文创产品开发方面形成地域特色的设计和展示,对于宣传推广中医药文化和助推中医药文创产业发展具有重要的意义。“中医药+湘绣”文创产品是利用中药材的独特外形,选取相对应的中国传统二十四节气和“湘九味”中药材,提取传统中医药文化中外在视觉形象与内在文化寓意元素的概括、提炼与解析,同时迎合人们日趋追求美与健康的生活态度,结合当代湘绣文化创意产品的设计理念,从“中医药+湘绣”文化融合元素中,发掘中医药文化中的美学特征。     

关于马王堆养生文创产品开发现状的思考

马王堆养生文创产品是马王堆养生文化与文创产品契合的产物,具有绿色环保实用等特点,并受政策环境、市场需求等影响,成为目前研究与开发的热点。目前马王堆养生文创产品呈现系列化开发、在产品包装上越发讲究、与企业通力合作的现状。但市面上的马王堆养生文创产品仍存在产品形式单一、对消费者缺乏正确的购买引导、销售渠道单一等问题。为破解瓶颈、加快发展,本文从立足文化特色,创新产品形式;根据调研分析,多层次开发;加大宣传力度,拓宽销售渠道等方面提出策略建议,以期为养生文创产品开发提供助益。     

滩涂地形测绘产品质量检验方法研究

滩涂地形测绘产品精度直接影响资料分析和应用的准确性,确保滩涂地形测量成果的质量和精度,滩涂地形测绘产品检验工作就尤为重要。简单介绍了滩涂地形测量范围、测量方法、技术标准等,并以上海市滩涂地形测量产品为例,详细探讨滩涂地形测量产品质量检验方法,以指导今后的滩涂地形测量工作。     

关于提升青岛旅游业发展水平的几点思考

提升旅游业发展水平涉及旅游业“吃、住、行、游、购、娱”六大要求的协调发展,本文侧重于对青岛旅游资源优势进行分析,对青岛市旅游市场定位、旅游产品定位进行探讨,提出实现青岛旅游业更高水平发展要解决的问题和思考 。     

台风“菲特”期间T639预报风场在东中国海的有效性检验

海表风场是航海、海洋工程及防灾减灾等都十分关注的海洋要素之一,本文利用来自台湾地区和韩国的风速观测资料,检验了台风"菲特"及一次冷空气过程期间T639风场预报产品在东中国海的有效性。结果表明:(1)台风"菲特"和冷空气期间,预报风速与观测风速在曲线走势上保持了较好的一致性。(2)从相关系数来看,各个观测站的预报风速与观测风速都表现出较为密切的相关性;从偏差来看,预报风速略高于观测风速;从均方根误差和平均绝对误差来看,误差也都在可控范围之内。(3)台风"菲特"期间,T639预报风场对台风眼、台风尾迹等气旋性特征刻画得较为形象,外埔气象站、东吉岛气象站和兰屿气象站受台风影响较为显著,淡水气象站、金门气象站和绿岛气象站受台风的影响则偏弱。T639预报风场对南下的冷空气过程同样有着较好的体现,对风向和风速都有很好的模拟。     

海洋生态产品政策的经济效应: 提升供给效率与实现共同富裕——基于中国沿海省份的数据分析

为探讨海洋生态产品政策工具的经济效应,尤其是对提升其供给效率与实现共同富裕的叠加影响,本文在设计理论分析框架的基础上,基于中国沿海省、自治区、直辖市2009—2019年的数据分析,利用计量方法研究了共同富裕、海洋生态产品供给效率、海洋生态产品政策之间的作用机制和影响机理。结果显示:海洋生态产品政策可显著提升中国海洋生态产品供给效率,促进共同富裕;海洋生态产品政策在各区域的经济效应显著度呈东海-环渤海-南海依次递减的情况;产业结构、人均受教育年限、人口总数、人均存款、人均贷款、人均财政支出、人均财政收入、少数民族地区情况等因素均会对海洋生态产品政策的经济效应产生影响。提出建议:明确优化提升海洋生态产品供给效率和促进实现共同富裕的政策目标;研究有利于优化提升海洋生态产品供给效率和促进实现共同富裕的政策工具;做好区域海洋生态产品政策的构建与完善工作。     

海水化学资源镁系产品技术研究与开发中的几个问题

在海水化学资源开发中,发展最早的是制盐(氯化钠)工业,也是直接从海水中生产的第一个化学产品,一直至今。我国制盐后的苦卤量已居世界之首,如何把苦卤中浓集了许多倍的化学成分有效地提取出来,特别是苦卤中的镁,几十年来未受到应有的重视,至今仍停留在以低档产品氯化镁为主的阶段,而苦卤中镁含量又是最高,镁系产品得不到很好的开发,势必影响到我国苦卤化学资源综合利用的解决。为进一步引起有关部门的重视,本文重点论述了苦卤化学资源镁系产品技术研究与开发中的有关问题,以利于促进我国苦卤化学资源综合利用顺利发展。1　苦卤镁系产品研究…     

Microbial Biomass and Organic Nutrients in the Deep-Sea Sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin

In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance.     

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中桩周土强度弱化研究

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。     

Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification

An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm.     

Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans

A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level.     

Deep-Sea Sediment Compression Curves: Some Controlling Factors, Spurious Overconsolidation, Predictions, and Geophysical Reproduction

Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations.     

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS

<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,     

Evaluation of the Risk of Marine Slope Instability: A Pseudo-3D Approach for Application to Large Areas

This article presents a methodology developed to evaluate the instability of submarine slopes that extend over a large area. Special attention was paid to (1) the complex geometry (bathymetry) and the expanse of the slope, (2) the heterogeneity of the sediment, and (3) the distribution of the pore pressure. The safety factor was considered as a spatially varying quantity. The General Formulation (GLE, Fredlund and Krahn 1977), which fully satisfies equilibrium conditions, was used for evaluating the stability of the marine slope. The submarine slope failure, which occurred on 16 October 1979 during the construction of the new Nice airport, was studied in order to test the developed model. Geotechnical parameters were taken from experimental tests carried out by IFREMER on 19 cores extracted at different depths (from 27 m to 1300 m) (Cochonat, Bourillet, and Savoye, 1993; Mulder et al., 1994). Many scenarios were proposed in order to explain the cause of the Nice slope failure (Habib, 1994). In this article, two of those scenarios were tested. Simulation results are presented and discussed.