再论偏岭石与变高岭石的区别——评《天然烧变高岭石中水铝英石的发现》一文

《矿物学报》１９９５年第４期发表了何宏平的“天然烧变高岭石中水铝英石发现”一文。该文用核磁共振谱中－７９．０×１０－６附近的谱峰，认为该信号来自水铝英石，而不是来自Ａｌ－Ｓｉ尖晶石。这种说法较合理，因刘长龄早就阐明偏岭石在成岩阶段由水铝英石变来。但是我们不同意“天然煤烧变高岭石经后期水化作用变成水铝英石”的观点，而主张“水铝英石是沼泽相原生沉积的；在成岩作用中转变为偏岭石不是煤烧的，有一些理化性质与变高岭石的不同”     

再论偏岭石与变高岭石的区别--评《天然烧变高岭石中水铝英石的发现》一文

《矿物学报》１９９５年第４期发表了何宏平的“天然烧变高岭石中水铝英石发现”一文。该文用核磁共振谱中－７９.０×１０－６附近的谱峰,认为该信号来自水铝英石,而不是来自Ａｌ－Ｓｉ尖晶石。这种说法较合理,因刘长龄早就阐明偏岭石在成岩阶段由水铝英石变来。但是我们不同意“天然煤烧变高岭石经后期水化作用变成水铝英石”的观点,而主张“水铝英石是沼泽相原生沉积的;在成岩作用中转变为偏岭石不是煤烧的,有一些理化性质与变高岭石的不同”     

叙永式埃洛石矿中矿物演化的研究

川、黔、滇交界处的埃洛石矿俗称“叙永石”,产于上二叠乐平统龙潭页岩和下二叠阳新统茅口灰岩的卡斯特侵蚀面间。成矿母岩为上二叠乐平统含黄铁矿的高岭石粘土岩。母岩在风化淋滤期间经历以下变化:(1)黄铁矿氧化成针铁矿;(2)高岭石从有序向无序转化,最终转变成埃洛石;(3)锐钛矿作为稳定相残留富集于剖面上部。形成的矿物组合以10埃洛石为主,包括伊利石、伊利石/蒙脱石混层矿物、三水铝石、三羟铝石、石膏、水铝英石和石英。     

贵州碳酸盐岩红土中的粘土矿物及其形成机理

本文运用Ｘ射线衍射、红外光谱、差热、透射电镜和扫描电镜等方法对贵州碳酸盐岩红土中的粘土矿物进行了系统研究。高岭石和０．７ｎｍ埃洛石是碳酸盐岩红土中的主要粘土矿物，其次为伊利石、蛭石、绿泥石、绿泥石／蛭石混层矿物，水铝英石和三水铝石等。     

湘西震旦—寒武系页岩中粘土矿物和层状变质矿物的研究

湘西震旦—寒武系页岩与沉积改造型铀矿床有关。页岩中的粘土矿物主要为水云母,次为高岭石、多水高岭石、蒙脱石,少量水铝英石。层状变质矿物为绢云母、绿泥石、斜绿泥石、滑石。采用多种方法对这些矿物作了分析,认为水云母是赋铀的重要载体矿物。     

低温烧结成瓷实验中黄磷渣的热转变

利用X射线衍射和红外光谱分析研究黄磷渣及其与多种粘土配比样在室温至1230℃温度范围内的热转变规律,表明在成瓷温度范围内黄磷渣参与成瓷作用的主要矿物成分为环硅灰石,其次为硅酸钙（Ca8Si5O(18)和Ca2SiO4）及变针硅钙石;黄磷渣能在较低温度下与高岭石、伊利石等粘土矿物发生固相反应,生成钙长石、白榴石、方英石和变针硅钙石,这是黄磷渣被应用于低温快烧生产陶瓷墙外砖的理论依据,研究有利于揭示黄磷渣在陶瓷工业中获得应用的机理。     

煅烧温度对高岭石相转变过程及Si、Al活性的影响

通过对吉林通化煤系高岭石和美国Georgia高岭石在200～1300℃热处理产物的MASNMR谱和XRD,IR,DTA等的研究,主要获得如下结论：①煅烧高岭石的相转变经历了四个阶段——脱羟阶段（约550℃）,偏高岭石阶段（550～850℃）,SiO2分凝（850～1100℃）及Al2O3分凝阶段（950～1100℃）,莫来石、方英石形成阶段（1100℃以上）;②偏高岭石-莫来石的相转变过程中存在SiO2和Al2O3的分凝,其中SiO2的分凝温度是850℃,而Al2O3的分凝温度是950℃;③1100℃开始,由偏高岭石分凝形成的非晶质SiO2一部分和Al2O3-γ发生反应生成了莫来石,一部分结晶为方英石;④煅烧高岭石Si、Al活性总体上随着煅烧温度的增高逐渐增强,其中Al的活性在900℃时达到最高,Si在1100℃时达到最高,当温度超过这两个临界点时,Si、Al活性将迅速下降。     

河南支建铝土矿的矿物学特征研究

河南支建铝土矿是一水硬铝石型土矿。该矿的矿物组成为一水硬铝石、高岭石、伊利石、绿泥石,赤铁矿、锐钛矿和金红石。此外,还有电气石、锆英石、磷铝锶矿等微量矿物。在扫描电镜中发现一种微量叶片状未知矿物,确定该矿物为叶蜡石。     

山西小峪煤矿2号,3号煤层粘土岩夹矸的研究

小峪煤矿2号、3号煤层位于太原组顶部，含高岭石粘土岩夹歼10余层，可划分为隐晶高岭石、椭球颗粒高岭石、塑变颗粒高岭石、晶粒高岭石、晶斑及似斑状高岭石和一水软铝石高岭石粘土岩等6种岩石类型。主要由高岭石组成，含不等量的一水软铝石、石英晶屑及少量的金红石、锆石等矿物。测试分析结果表明，俗称“大同砂石”的第19层高岭石粘土岩夹矸，是质纯、高铝、低硅、低铁、低钛的优质高岭石粘土矿层，可作为精铸莫来石砂粉和合成莫来石的原料，其超细煅烧高岭土广泛用作塑料、橡胶、造纸工业的优质填料和涂料。关键词##4煤层;;粘土岩夹矸;;矿物岩石学特征     

天然烧变高岭石的研究

笔者对三个天然烧变高岭石样品进行了系统的化学分析，Ｘ射线衍射，红外吸收光谱，差热和热重分析及＾２７Ａｌ，＾２９Ｓｉ魔角旋转核磁共振研究，阐明三个样品为高岭石在不同温度梯度下的产物，其中Ｐ４样品为低温产物，受热温度大约为５００℃，为典型的变高岭石结构；ＨＹ样品为高温产物，已有石英晶出，受热温度大约为１０００℃左右，而Ｐ５样品则为Ｐ４和ＨＹ的过渡态，在其结构中，Ｓｉ－Ｏ四面体片已发生了结构的崩塌和重组     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with