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海底管道铺设是海洋油气资源开发的重要环节,传统的拖管法不能很好地适应海洋深度和复杂环境的变化。针对 Acergy公司在Girassol项目中提出的一种波浪式拖管方法,对其应用于2.0 km 长海底管道铺设进行分析。首先,结合深水海洋环境特征,采用集中质量法建立管道拖航数值模型,并介绍管道、拖缆和浮筒力学计算及水动力荷载计算方法;其次,基于非线性有限元OrcaFlex软件对拖管过程建模,以模拟实际项目拖管过程;然后,通过对比相同条件下的单波式和双波式两种拖管方式,探讨管道和拖缆的动态力学性能变化;最后,针对不同浮重比、拖航速度、拖缆长度和悬垂角、海流流速和流向角等因素展开敏感性分析。结果表明:波浪式拖管法可以有效地降低施工时对拖缆的张力需求,但也会因此增加管道局部弯矩和应力响应;相对于单波式拖管,双波式拖管在缓解由于拖航速度等变化而产生的管道局部损伤效应上更有优势,并能较好地适应不同水深环境;复杂的海流工况对拖航时管道的力学性能影响十分显著,施工前应选择合适的铺设窗口期以防止管道产生损伤。 相似文献
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大型海洋工程结构一般采用吊装法进行海上安装。随着海洋结构物重量的不断增大以及受到起重船吊装能力的限制,大型海上结构物浮托安装技术正成为海上施工安装的1种新方法,并成功应用于浅海固定式平台大型组块和深海浮式海洋平台的海上安装。本文介绍了海洋平台海上浮托安装的步骤、关键缓冲设备,列举了一些国内外的安装工程实例,指出了浮托法的关键技术,最后针对某工程实例,利用SESAM软件进行浮托法水动力分析。 相似文献
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大型海洋工程结构一般采用吊装法进行海上安装.随着海洋结构物重量的不断增大以及受到起重船吊装能力的限制,大型海上结构物浮托安装技术正成为海上施工安装的1种新方法,并成功应用于浅海固定式平台大型组块和深海浮式海洋平台的海上安装.本文介绍了海洋平台海上浮托安装的步骤、关键缓冲设备,列举了一些国内外的安装工程实例,指出了浮托法的关键技术,最后针对某工程实例,利用SESAM软件进行浮托法水动力分析. 相似文献
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随着海洋科学技术的发展和人类对于海洋油气资源认识的不断增加,海洋油气资源的开发从近海走向远海。作为海洋油气运输主要方式的海洋管道,其铺设问题成为焦点。常见海洋管道工程铺设方法为:拖曳铺设、卷筒铺设、J型铺设、S型铺设。通过引入先进的国际海洋工程软件OrcaFlex并结合国内外关于海洋管道铺设的工程手册及相关规范、标准,如DNV、API、AWS等,实时模拟研究S型海洋管道铺设过程。结合作者工作经历及实际海洋铺管工程背景算例分析,研究铺管上弓段接触点、悬垂段及触底段在铺设过程中的各自静力、动力特性。对海洋管道S型铺设过程中应该注意的一些有关设计、工艺和HSE低成本安全高效铺设等方面提出几点有用的意见。 相似文献
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相较于传统的吊装法,浮托安装法是目前一种比较安全、经济、可靠的大型组块海上安装方法。本文对某平台上部组块的海上浮托安装进行了数值模拟,应用ANSYS-AQWA软件建立上部组块-驳船-系泊系统模型,在时域内对模型就位状态下的运动响应进行了耦合动力分析。重点研究了不同波浪工况下上部组块-驳船-系泊系统模型关键点的运动以及系泊张力的变化情况。研究结果对实际工程中应用浮托安装法施工具有重要的参考意义。 相似文献
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Air-floating towing beha viors of multi-bucket foundation plat form (MBFP) are investigated with the 1/20-scale model tests and hydrodynamic so ftware MOSES. MOSES numerical model was val idated by test results, and M OSES prototype model of MBFP can eliminate scale effect of model. The influences of towing factors of to wing speed, water depth, freeboard, and w ave direction on air-floating tow ing stability of MBFP were analyzed by model tests and validated MOSES prototype mod el. It is sho wn that the re duction of towing sp eed can effectively d ecrease the to wing force and surge acceleration to improve towing stability. Water depth is another f actor in towing s tability. Obvious shallow water effect will appear in shallow water with sma ll water depth-draft ratio and it w ill disappear gradually and air-floating towing becomes more stable with the increase of water depth. Accelerations of surge, s way and heave are small and they have modest changes when freeboard increases from 0.5 to 2 m. For MBFP, the freeboard is not suggested to be larger than 2 m in following wave. Wave direction has large influence on the towing stability, the surge acceleration and towing force are sensitive to the va riation of wave direction, the surge acceleration and towing force in following wave (0°) and counter wave (180°) are much larger than that in transverse sea (90°and 270°). 相似文献
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The Wake II model for the determination of the hydrodynamic forces on marine pipelines is extended to include currents and waves. There are two main differences between the Wake II and the traditional model. First, in the Wake II model the velocity is modified to include the pipe's encounter with the wake flow when the velocity reverses. Second, the model uses time dependent drag and lift coefficients. The flow field is assumed to be the linear superposition of regular waves and uniform current and is treated as wave only but in two different phases. The model requires eight empirical parameters that are obtained from comparisons with field data for various Keulegan–Carpenter numbers and current to wave ratios. The effective velocity and the force predictions are compared with field data from Exxon Production Research Company and with the conventional model. The model gives satisfactory results and predicts lift forces that in shape, magnitude and phase relative to the velocity are in very close agreement with measured forces. For the horizontal forces the results are very accurate. A substantial improvement is obtained over the predictions with the conventional model. This work is applicable to the design of submarine pipelines laying on the sea bottom in water depths where waves or waves and currents contribute to the hydrodynamic forces. 相似文献
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Lin Zhongqin Shen Huishen Chen Tieyun Dr. Associate Professor Dept. of Mechanical Eng. Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Professor Dept. of Naval Arch and Ocean Eng. Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 《中国海洋工程》1993,(1)
The buckling propagation in marine pipelines is studied by means of the cylindrical shell model in this paper. Several parameters including geometrical parameter D/ T, L/ D, physical parameter E and σy are discussed. The computed results are compared with the available experimental data and other computed results, it is found that the present results are closer to the experimental results than other computed results. 相似文献
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基于动态耦合的FPSO串靠外输所需拖力快速预报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以极浅水作业水深的FPSO串靠外输作业为背景,研究穿梭油轮尾部定位拖轮所需拖力大小,提出了基于动态耦合效应的拖轮拖力直接计算方法。基于三维势流理论,考虑浮式生产储油平台(FPSO)与穿梭油轮之间相互水动力干扰,进行动态耦合计算,根据力学平衡原理求得所需的拖轮拖力并分析其影响因素。结果表明:动态耦合模型算出的所需拖力值较之准动态模型更安全、经济;当FPSO与穿梭油轮距离为80 m时,既能保证外输安全性又能保证经济性;增大两船间距、增加穿梭油轮吃水、两船间采用双缆系泊,均能有效降低所需的拖轮拖力。研究结果可为FPSO串靠外输作业操作提供指导,具有一定的工程实用性。 相似文献
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参考数据集对Argo剖面浮标盐度观测资料校正的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
国际Argo计划采用新颖的Argo剖面浮标来监测全球大洋中上层的变化,对浮标盐度观测资料进行质量控制是非常重要的。本文采用历史水文观测资料集得到的温-盐度(-S)关系,并利用Wong等人开发的WJO延时模式盐度校正方法,对电导率传感器出现漂移、偏移等故障的Argo剖面浮标盐度资料进行校正。对影响校正结果的历史水文资料集(或参考数据集)的选取进行了初步研究,并在不同的海区进行试验。结果表明,选取合适的参考数据集可以提高盐度校正的精度。 相似文献
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