一次南支槽引发德宏州强对流天气成因分析

利用常规气象观测资料、静止气象卫星云图资料和多普勒雷达探测资料,对2013年5月3日一次南支槽引发云南德宏州发生雷暴大风和冰雹强对流天气过程的特征、中尺度环境场及成因进行了分析,结果表明:5月3日在南支槽天气背景下德宏区域内为对流不稳定,具上干下湿的不稳定层结,有强的垂直风切变;在干线和中尺度辐合线的触发下产生了这次强天气过程。高分辨率卫星云图能够清楚的监测MCS的发生发展,雷达监测提高了时空分辨率,监测到速度模糊、弓形回波、三体散射、后侧"V"型缺口、有界弱回波区等指示冰雹、大风等强对流天气的雷达回波特征。     

一次降雹过程的数字化雷达回波分析

利用东营市７１３数字化雷达和卫星云图资料，分析了１９９５年６月２４日发生在黄河三角洲地区的暴雹天气过程，对冰雹云的雷达回波特征及卫星云图特征进行了分析。     

一次降雹天气过程的数字化雷达回波分析

主要利用东营市７１３数字化雷达回波和红外卫星云图资料，分析了１９９６年７月２０日东营地区降雹天气过程的雷达回波和卫星云图演变特征。结果表明：雷达回波具有明显的雹云回波的特殊形状和跃增阶段，跃增是冰雹云与雷雨云回波的一个显著差别。     

绥化市2009年7月8日冰雹天气分析

本文利用Micaps2.0常规天气资料、FY-2红外卫星云图、数值预报产品以及雷达回波资料进行分析,从大尺度环流特征、雷达回波特征等方面入手,对2009年7月8日绥化地区发生的区域性冰雹天气进行天气学诊断分析,找出区域性冰雹的预报着眼点,以提高冰雹天气的预报水平。     

陕西初夏冰雹天气气候特征及预报

根据我省多年冰雹预报工作研究成果，归纳出我省初夏冰雹天气气候规律，有利冰雹形成的天气形势和物理量、卫星云图、雷达回波特征，为我省初夏冰雹天气预报提供依据。     

岑溪8．23大暴雨剖析

2004年8月23日17时48分～19时48分，岑溪市出现了一次特大暴雨降水过程，这次强降水的特点是降水的时间短、强度强。通过对影响这次强降水的天气系统、卫星云图和雷达回波进行分析，找出产生大暴雨过程的一些特征。     

一次冰雹天气过程的潜势条件和中尺度特征分析

基于常规观测资料、NCEP(1°×1°)再分析资料、FY-2G卫星云图和多普勒雷达资料等对2018年6月10日发生在甘肃省平凉市的冰雹天气过程进行分析,得出以下结论:(1)此次冰雹过程属于典型的西北气流型,高空强冷平流、冰雹发生区明显的切变线和地面辐合线以及高层气流引导地面辐合线附近生成的中尺度对流系统MCS,是造成此次强天气的主要影响系统。(2)中尺度辐合线和干线为此次冰雹天气提供了较好的触发机制;强冰雹发生区螺旋度的异常增大为雹暴系统的发展增强提供了强有力的环境场条件;强垂直风切变可促使不稳定能量释放,形成冰雹等天气,和湿斜压作用共同形成MCS发生发展的有利条件;冰雹发生区0℃层、-20℃层高度及二者之间的厚度均有利于大冰雹的形成。(3)多普勒雷达资料显示,引发强天气的回波单体附近,悬垂回波、弱回波区、钩状回波等特征明显,对应径向速度图有明显的中气旋、中层径向辐合及风暴顶辐散等特征配合,对此次冰雹等天气有很好的指示作用。     

2011-06-11豫北强对流天气过程分析

利用常规观测资料、加密地面资料、卫星云图和多普勒雷达回波等资料,从天气形势、物理量场和回波演变特征等方面对2011年6月11日午后发生在豫北地区的强对流天气进行分析发现:高空冷平流和24 h显著降温区叠加在低层暖区之上,形成上干冷下暖湿的位势不稳定层结,为强对流的产生提供了层结条件;地面暖低压发展和辐合中心、辐合线是这次强对流天气的触发机制;0-6 km较大的垂直风切变有利于强对流天气的发展和维持。卫星云图和雷达产品显示:对流云团的发展和移动与地面切变线、雷达回波一致,并可预测强天气落区。当回波中心强度≥50 d Bz、回波顶高≥12 km、垂直累积液态含水量≥45 kg/m2时,极易造成短时强降水和冰雹天气。三体散射特征和中气旋的出现对确定发布冰雹预警有指示意义,17:50第一次观测到三体散射特征发布冰雹预警,时效在20~90 min。垂直液态含水量在强降水发生前20 min开始剧增,为判别短时强降水等强对流天气提供有效依据。     

准葛尔盆地南缘春季一次强冰雹天气的综合分析

利用常规气象探测资料和多普勒天气雷达产品,结合石河子地区和兵团农六师的高密度自动站网资料,对2010年5月2日在准葛尔盆地南缘发生的-强冰雹天气过程,从天气形势、云图、物理量场和雷达回波演变特征等几个方面进行了综合分析.结果表明:这次冰雹天气出现在对流不稳定层结条件下,中高层干冷、低层暖湿,水汽条件充沛,0℃层和-20...     

一次冰雹过程的卫星云图和雷达回波特征分析

应用常规资料、FY-2C红外云图和河南省三门峡市的多普勒雷达产品。对陕西中北部的一次强对流性天气过程进行分析,结果表明：影响系统是高空下滑冷槽、中低层暖平流和地面弱冷锋。上干冷、下湿暖的对流性不稳定层结为冰雹天气的形成提供了有利条件。卫星云图上,锋面前部形成的两个中-β尺度系统受锋面附近前冲冷流的触发,造成这次强对流性天气。雷达反射率图上,回波强度越大、强中心高度越高,造成的天气越强;径向速度图上的“逆风区”,说明该地为风速的大值区、风向也发生了突变;当对流回波处于强盛阶段时,VIL值先猛增、后相对稳定,当达到峰值时即出现冰雹,当突然减小时,影响地面将出现大风．因此VIL对冰雹和大风的判别有很好的预报意义。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.