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镜质组反射率及其测定方法概述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在分析镜质组反射率指示面的基础上,综述了镜质组各种反射率的名称及其关系式。在实践中,根据煤样品的切面方向、入射光性质和测试方法的不同,可测得各种不同的镜质组反射率。作者根据现有材料概述了目前国内外所常用的和最近所提出的一些测定镜质组反射率的方法及其实用意义。 相似文献
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采用有机岩石学与有机地球化学相结合的分析方法,对新疆三塘湖盆地塘参3井自然演化剖面烃源岩样品进行了较详细的研究, 相似文献
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根据实测的压力和镜质组反射率数据讨论了沉积盆地中镜质组反射率异常的物理化学环境.认为异常压力并不是导致镜质组反射率受到抑制的唯一原因;沉积盆地中有机质镜质组反射率异常的原因除与有机质本身的性质有关外,还与其所处的温度、压力等物理环境及其周围的流体性质、无机元素(矿物)的组成等化学因素密切相关.通过对钻井异常高压带和正常压力带剖面密集取样进行的微量元素与镜质组反射率分析表明,偏酸性、低盐度的流体介质有利于有机质镜质组反射率的增加;通过分析泥岩中的某些元素丰度与镜质组反射率的对应关系,初步确定钙、锰、锶、硼、钡、磷等元素对镜质组反射率的演化有抑制作用,而铁、钴、锌、镍、铷等元素对有机质的热演化具有催化作用.本研究对于有机质成熟校正、油气资源评价和利用成熟度古温标恢复盆地热历史都具有意义. 相似文献
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镜质组反射率反演的EASY%Ro数值模拟新方法 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
在以往众多镜质组反射率数值模拟方法的基础上,美国学者在90年代初创立了EASY%Ro方法,并成功地运用于北美和西欧的研究实践。本文在对其原理和方法进行介绍的同时,报道了应用该法对我国山西南部上古生界煤层镜质组反射率演化历史或煤化作用过程的数值模拟结果。 相似文献
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镜质体是一种由高等植物木质素经过生物化学降解作用和凝胶化作用形成的胶状体,在煤和炭质泥页岩中含量高,仅出现在志留纪及其以后的地层中。此外,还有一种海相镜质体,主要由海洋低等生物(藻类、菌类及某些海洋低等动物)经腐殖化作用而形成,主要存在于早古生代及晚古生代页岩和碳酸盐岩地层中。研究表明,海相镜质体反射率(R~o_m)可作为成熟度指标加以应用。海相镜质体成熟作用轨迹不同于镜质体,二者存在一定的相关关系,使用时需把海相镜质体反射率换算为镜质体反射率(R_o)。镜质体反射率是一个寻找隐伏岩体的好方法,作者采用镜质体反射率方法对铜陵地区开展了研究,初步结果表明,铜陵地区全部数值均超过地热增温率理论曲线,说明铜陵地区深部可能有较大的隐伏岩体,深度大约在4~5 km左右。此外,在ZK113号钻孔深度200~260 m处R_o很高(2%~3%),可能预示钻孔旁侧有规模较小的隐伏侵入体,推测距钻孔距离不超过100 m,但具体方位不详。上述研究表明采用镜质体反射率方法寻找隐伏岩体是可行的,它的最大优点是解释的唯一性,R_o数值仅与温度有关,不受其他因素的干扰。 相似文献
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Three-Dimensional Gravity Model Applied to Underwater Navigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
YAN Lei FENG Hao DENG Zhongliang GAO Zhengbing Beijing Key Lab of Spatial Information Integration Its Applications Institute of RS GIS Peking University Beijing Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):838-842
At present, new integrated navigation, which usesthe location function of reference gravity anomaly map to control the errors of the inertial navigation system (INS), has been developed in marine navigation. It is named the gravity-aided INS. Both the INS and real-time computation of gravity anomalies need a 3-D marine normal gravity model. Conventionally, a reduction method applied in geophysical survey is directiy introduced to observed data processing. This reduction does not separate anomaly from normal gravity in the observed data, so errors cannot be avoided. The 3-D marine normal gravity model was derived from the J2 gravity model, and is suitable for the region whose depth is less than 1000 m. 相似文献
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A Combined Three-Dimensional Geological-Geostatistical-Numerical Model of Underground Excavations in Rock 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Summary. This paper exploits geological and borehole geotechnical data obtained in the exploratory phase of a tunneling project to
investigate in a first place if the kriging interpolation scheme may effectively reproduce the spatial variability of rock
mass quality (Rock Mass Rating, RMR) in the vicinity of tunnels. For this purpose a quick solver in Fortran has been developed
that performs variography analysis of 3D spatial data, fast kriging estimations of RMR between borehole sampling locations
at the centroids of the elements of the numerical model, and model validation. For the purpose of an integrated underground
excavation design, a step further is made by incorporating into the 3D mechanical numerical model of the rock mass, the three-dimensional
(3D) solid geological model, thus coupling the geology with the ground (geotechnical) model (i.e. each element of the numerical
model is assigned a geological material). The mechanical properties of each finite difference cell (or Representative Elementary
Volume) of the ground model were then prescribed according to its geological type, the spatial heterogeneity of the rock mass
expressed quantitatively with the kriging model, and the upscaling calculations of the mechanical properties of the intact
rocks determined in the laboratory, based on the size-effect (strength dependence on size) and Damage Theory. Furthermore,
a preliminary numerical simulation of the advance of unsupported tunnels in the model of the heterogeneous rock mass was performed
for illustration purposes. 相似文献
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理论分析与实际资料证实,煤层顶、底板反射波的干涉,在煤层厚度所产生的时差小于半个周期时,导致反射波的振幅随着煤层厚度的减小而减弱,且在煤层厚度较小(趋于0m)的情况下,仍然是可以连续对比追踪的;大于半个周期时,反射波的振幅与干涉效应无关。通过实际资料的分析计算发现,在煤层厚度趋于0m时,其顶、底板反射波的干涉所形成的振幅极限值仍然是砂、泥岩界面反射波振幅的3倍,依据这个特征可有效识别煤系地层中的薄、无煤带。 相似文献
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对河南省不同区域的煤系地层反射波发育特点进行分析研究、归类总结和正反演对比,建立了地震波-地质层位的对应关系,有利于解释人员从时间剖面上准确分辨出新生界、煤系地层和煤系基底反射波组,确定煤层反射波及煤层赋存状况,为类似地区的地震资料解释工作提供科学的指导。 相似文献
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The heat flow content in vitrinite reflectance (VR) observations is studied based on a simple model of burial at a constant
rate. The model is made dimensionless, and it has just one parameter except for the paleo heat flow. The question of existence
and uniqueness of a solution is studied, and there exist in general no paleo heat flow that will reproduce a given VR-depth
curve. But a solution is unique if it exists. A computed VR-depth function is shown to be smooth, even for piecewise constant
heat flow histories. The paleo heat flow can be obtained from a VR-depth function after two times with derivations. It is
also shown how the present day thermal gradient can be obtained by derivation of a VR-depth representation. The one-parameter
model allows for approximate expressions for the optimal paleo heat flow as a step function. The results obtained from the
one-parameter model is also compared with similar results from a real case study from the North Sea using a state-of-the-art
basin simulator. 相似文献
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岩体三维不连续裂隙网络及其逆建模方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过拟合实测的二维裂隙编录图和钻孔裂隙编录图,优化裂隙三维大小和密度参数,使模型能够准确再现野外所观测到的实际现象,包括开挖面和钻孔上不同裂隙的数量、密度和长度,通过计算实例验证了方法的可行性。 相似文献