化学发光分析法测定锰的进展

对近20年来化学发光分析法测定锰的进展作了评述，内容包括发光体系、操作条件、检出限及线性范围、离子干扰与消除以及实际应用。引用文献24篇。     

化学发光分析的研究进展

评述了化学发光分析的最新进展情况，对鲁米诺体系、光泽精体系、络酚体系等进行了重点评述，引入参考文献１３９篇。     

锰银氧化矿选冶工艺的研究现状及进展

锰银氧化矿在中国是一种重要的矿床类型，但在目前经济技术条件下仍属于难冶和无商业价值的矿石类型，文章对国内外锰银氧化矿选冶技术的研究现状和进展进行了比较全面的评述。     

氧化锰矿的还原浸出工艺及研究进展

评述了氧化锰矿主要还原浸出工艺的原理,特点以及研究进展,指出直接酸浸法是氧化锰矿浸出工艺的发展方向。合理选择浸锰还原剂是直接酸浸法的关键。引用文献２篇。     

物种的溶液状态及其对分析反应性能的影响

收集了1986～1991年间参考文献,评述了物种的溶液状态及其对分析反应性能的影响,并论述其进展及代表性工作。内容包括概述、研究溶液状态的方法(其中含测定缔合数、缔合度的新方法)及其在分析化学中的应用(包括新型掩蔽剂、液相化学发光、氧化态和还原态的转换、溶剂效应、吸附与解吸、物种缔合的应用)。引用文献79篇。     

我国大气臭氧探测技术的进展现状

较全面地评述了我国大气臭氧探测技术的进展现状,重点综述了近地面和对流层自由大气中臭氧浓度的化学发光、紫外吸收以及激光等探测技术,臭氧总量探测,臭氧探空仪,用于平流层、中层大气臭氧研究的球载臭氧分析仪,激光、微波等技术,指出80年代是我国臭氧探测技术走向全面发展的时期,建立我国大气臭氧的立体观测技术系统是今后一段时间的主要目标。     

内蒙古额仁陶勒盖银矿床锰矿物的矿物学初步研究

额仁陶勒盖银矿床出现的锰矿物主要为软锰矿、水锰矿、六方锰矿、锰铅矿、锰钾矿、菱锰矿、铁菱锰矿及锰方解石。解主要以独立矿物和离子吸附状态的形式赋存于地表锰铅矿和锰钾矿中；而软锰矿、六方锰矿、锰铅矿、锰钾矿等锰的氧化物和锰的氢氧化物是原生锰碳酸盐矿物的氧化分解而形成的，而水锰矿可能为热液形成；菱锰矿等原生锰的碳酸盐类矿物形成于后期热液阶段。     

锰的微生物地球化学

锰的微生物地球化学郝瑞霞彭省临（中南工业大学地质系,长沙４１００８３）关键词锰微生物地球化学循环锰的微生物地球化学是从７０年代逐渐发展起来的。目前的研究涉及到湖泊、淡水热泉、海洋表层水、深海、沉积物等不同环境中锰与微生物的相互作用,以及锰结核、锰矿物...     

隐钾锰矿的Ar-Ar定年研究进展

<正>锰矿是我国的重要矿种,主要有锰氧化物和锰碳酸盐两种类型的矿石,矿集区的形成通常经历了锰元素富集-锰氧化物富集和锰碳酸盐(菱锰矿)富集这三个阶段。(Du et al.,2013)。而表生红土型风化壳和次生锰矿中常含有丰富的表生钾锰矿物,包括隐钾锰矿、锰钡矿、硬锰矿、锰铅矿和钙锰矿等,     

锰的迁移形式成矿机理新探

通过对锰氢化物、锰羰基化合物、锰羰基氢化物的形成条件和理化性质,现代火山气体化学成分,现代海底喷口热液流体成分,有关矿床矿物流体包裹体气相成分,有代表性锰矿物化学成分及铁锰结核的物质组构,菱锰矿的碳同位素组成、锰矿物的共生、伴生矿物组合的探究,认为锰氢化物、锰羰基化合物、锰羰基氢化物是原生锰矿的主要迁移形式.它们从地球深部强还原富H2、富CO高压环境通过断裂、裂隙随岩浆、热液迁移至地壳浅部,由于压力、温度骤降,氧逸度大增,H2和CO逃逸、氧化,锰氢化物、锰羰基化合物、锰羰基氢化物分解、氧化、硫化成原生锰矿,经氧化淋(浸)滤,形成锰的高价氧化矿物.     

ZrO_2/Graphene Nanocomposites Synthesized in Supercritical Fluids: Highly Efficient Chemical Sensor Material for Ethanol

ZrO2/Graphene nanocomposites are fabricated from graphene oxide by one-step, green, facile and low-cost SCCO2 method. The as-prepared nanocomposites are characterized by means of X-ray photoelectron, transmission electron microscopy and catalytic chemiluminescence measurement. The ZrO2 nanoparticles with size of several nanometers are uniformly coated on the graphene surface. The chemiluminescence characteristic to ethanol of the as-prepared nanocomposite paper is also investigated. The nanocomposite paper obtained displays high catalytic chemiluminescence sensitivity and highly selectivity to the ethanol gas. This study provides a facile, green and low-cost route to prepare nanoscopic gas sensing devices with application in safe protection, food fermentation, medical process and traffic safe.     

MAu－1型微量金分析仪

介绍了利用化学发光原理和流动注射技术设计的ＭＡｕ－１型微量金分析仪的原理、整机构成及工作流程；同时，说明了仪器所达到的技术指标。     

氢化物分离一化学发光法测定痕量锑

采用Luminol－H。O。Air（巨）化学发光反应体系作为分析检测方法，建立了一个测定地质样品中痕量锑的化学发光分析法。方法的原理是用AgNO。吸收由样品发生的氢化锑气体，使吸收液中生成Sb（巨）与过量的K。Cr。O，反应生成Cr（1），方法的检出限为0．6us／mlSb，工作曲线的线性范围是2～1000ng／mlSb，测定的相对标准偏差小于5％。本方法已用于地质样品中痕量佛的测定。     

Direct detection of ultra-trace vanadium (V) in natural waters by flow-injection chemiluminescence with controlled-reagent-release technology

A new simple, rapid, selective and sensitive analytical procedure based on chemiluminescence (CL) detection is described for the determination of vanadium (V) at sub-nanogram levels in natural waters by use of controlled-reagent- release technology in a flow injection system. The analytical reagents involved in the CL reaction, including luminal and periodate, were both immobilized on anion-exchange resins in a flow injection system. Through water injection, luminol and periodate were eluted from the anion exchange column to generate the chemiluminescence, which was enhanced in the presence of V(V). The increased CL intensity was linear with V(V) concentration in the range from 0.2 to 100 ng mL^− 1. The limit of detection was 60 pg mL^− 1 (3σ) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.45% (n = 5) for a 0.5 ng mL^− 1 V(V). At a flow rate of 2.0 mL min− ¹, including sampling and washing, a typical analytical procedure could be performed in 0.5 min with a RSD of less than 3.0%. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine vanadium in natural waters, and the results were in good agreement with those obtained by ion chromatography.     

石笋碳酸盐假性热释光:古环境的新指标

海相碳酸盐热释光灵敏地响应冰期-间冰期地球气候变化,是一个新的古海洋代用指标,但是否适用于陆地沉积物,尚缺少研究.通过测定湖北清江穿心洞石笋(CX-1)碳酸盐热释光和氧同位素组成,探讨石笋热释光的发光机制,开发热释光作为陆地古环境的替代指标,发现空气环境中检测的石笋碳酸盐热释光主要是发光有机质氧化产生的化学发光,为假性热释光.石笋中发光有机质来源于土壤中有机物的降解,其含量与太阳辐射调控的土壤温度有关;热释光曲线与其对应的氧同位素曲线变化趋势相似.因而,石笋碳酸盐假性热释光是反映过去环境变化的一个新指标.      

Incorporation of trivalent chromium into riverine and estuarine colloidal material

The binding of dissolved trivalent chromium by dissolved and colloidal substrates at the riverestuary interface was studied using a combination of product and reactant mode experiments, at concentrations of materials typical of estuarine conditions. Using spikes of 1–20 μg/l Cr³⁺, about one third of the Cr³⁺ was scavenged by that fraction of riverine colloidal material which flocculated upon mixing of river water and seawater. Reactant mode experiments, using chemiluminescence as a speciation technique, showed that virtually all of the spiked Cr³⁺ was bound by dissolved or colloidal substrates, but that the higher molecular weight fractions were able to kinetically outcompete the lower molecular weight fractions. There was no effect of salinity or the flocculation process on the binding of Cr by riverine substrates at natural concentrations. However, salinity did produce a strong kinetic inhibition of binding if the river water was first diluted. This salinity response is likely a result of a wide variety of Cr binding site energies on the substrates.     

Natural occurrence of higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols in a deep petroleum reservoir in the Mobile Bay gas field

A series of higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols, including thiatetramantanes, tetramantanethiols, thiapentamantanes, pentamantanethiols, thiahexamantanes, hexamantanethiols and thiacylcohexamantane, was discovered in a gas condensate produced from a very deep (6274 m, 20,585 ft) petroleum reservoir in the Bon Secour Bay in the Mobile Bay gas field, located offshore Alabama in the northern Gulf of Mexico, USA. This appears to be the first reported natural occurrence of these compounds. Several isomers of higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols were identified using full scan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with GC-sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) and GC × GC-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). These higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols are associated with abundant lower homologs including thiaadamantanes, thiadiamantanes, thiatriamantanes and their thiol groups. The origin of these compounds in petroleum has not been reported. It is speculated that similar to lower thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols, higher ones are possibly formed from the sulfurization of their precursor diamondoids during TSR, a conclusion supported by the occurrence of open-cage higher diamondoidthiols and sulfur isotopic data of higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols isolated from the Mobile Bay condensate. The presence of higher thiadiamondoids and diamondoidthiols is indicative of the occurrence of TSR and can be used to predict sour gas production.     

Validation and field application of tailor-made nitrogen dioxide passive samplers

This study describes the validation and field application of new tailor-made passive samplers for nitrogen dioxide measurements. These samplers consist of polypropylene diffusion tubes containing glass fiber filters impregnated with 20?% triethanolamine. The tube was constructed from locally made material. The sampler is simple, lightweight, cheap, easy to use and suitable for simultaneous and multipoint measurements. Nitrogen dioxide concentrations obtained from the passive samplers were strongly correlated with chemiluminescence analyzer (r?=?0.924). The nitrogen dioxide measurements by the passive samplers have been recorded at 20 sampling sites in Chiang Mai City, Thailand, once a month (3?days of exposure) from November 2007 to April 2008. The sampling sites were located across the city in alignment with the major wind direction. The highest nitrogen dioxide concentrations (28.1?C45.1?ppbv) were found in the urban areas with high level of traffic density and human activity. Meteorological conditions, i.e., wind direction/speed and precipitation, were considered for their influence on nitrogen dioxide concentrations. Due to a calm wind occurring during the sampling, its direction had, therefore, no significant effect on nitrogen dioxide concentrations collected from the different locations. However, the mean nitrogen dioxide concentrations were higher at the downwind sites than at the upwind locations. Unlike wind, rain precipitation obviously affected pollutant concentration levels. In regard to the spatial and temporal variations of nitrogen dioxide concentrations in the study sites, it was deduced that their levels were much more affected by local activities, such as traffic density and biomass burning, rather than meteorological factors.