LBS中位置及其语义的研究

阐述了两种LBS位置表示方法，引入了语义位置的概念，对现有的语义位置概念作了修正。强调了位置属性也是语义位置的重要组成部分。通过对位置概念内涵和外延的分析，讨论了位置属性所包括的内容；运用层次建模，实现了位置之间关系的描述。为了能够规范化地描述语义位置，运用本体技术，对位置所包含的语义信息进行了描述，建立了能够被计算机识别和处理的OWI。位置本体模型。通过对语义位置的本体建模，实现了位置信息的知识化描述，为实现个性化服务奠定了基础。     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS), an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks, are becoming more and more popular. Most of these LBSs, however, only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role. Our specific aim is to solve these issues. This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

Crowdsensing smart ambient environments and services

Whether it be Smart Cities, Ambient Intelligence, or the Internet of Things, current visions for future urban spaces share a common core, namely the increasing role of distributed sensor networks and the on‐demand integration of their data to power real‐time services and analytics. Some of the greatest hurdles to implementing these visions include security risks, user privacy, scalability, the integration of heterogeneous data, and financial cost. In this work, we propose a crowdsensing mobile‐device platform that empowers citizens to collect and share information about their surrounding environment via embedded sensor technologies. This approach allows a variety of urban areas (e.g., university campuses, shopping malls, city centers, suburbs) to become equipped with a free ad‐hoc sensor network without depending on proprietary instrumentation. We present a framework, namely the GeoTracer application, as a proof‐of‐concept to conduct multiple experiments simulating use‐case scenarios on a university campus. First, we demonstrate that ambient sensors (e.g. temperature, pressure, humidity, magnetism, illuminance, and audio) can help determine a change in environment (e.g. moving from indoors to outdoors, or floor changes inside buildings) more accurately than typical positioning technologies (e.g. global navigation satellite system, Wi‐Fi, etc.). Furthermore, each of these sensors contributes a different amount of data to detecting events. for example, illuminance has the highest information gain when trying to detect changes between indoors and outdoors. Second, we show that through this platform it is possible to detect and differentiate place types on a university campus based on inferences made through ambient sensors. Lastly, we train classifiers to determine the activities that a place can afford at different times (e.g. good for studying or not, basketball courts in use or empty) based on sensor‐driven semantic signatures.     

利用手机定位数据的用户特征挖掘

目的 手机定位数据已经逐渐成为一类新兴的空间数据,可用于分析个体或大规模区域内群体的活动特征,服务于基于位置的服务和城市及交通规划等。提出了一种基于手机定位数据,结合区域内兴趣点(POI)、房产价格等,利用空间聚类及语义分析等手段,对用户特征进行分析和挖掘的方法。首先采用DBSCAN方法提取用户重点活动区域;其次,根据用户的活动规律假设对活动区域进行类别标注;最后引入自然语言处理方法对POI和楼盘描述信息进行词频分析。并结合区域内POI类别和房价信息推断用户可能的偏好特征及收入或消费能力等特征,对用户一个月的手机定位数据进行挖掘分析。结果表明,该方法对用户重点活动区域及个体喜好特征等能够进行较为有效的挖掘。     

Expanding the SDI environment: comparing current spatial data infrastructure with emerging indoor location-based services

The authors compare key elements of the emerging field of Indoor Location-Based Services (Indoor LBS) to those currently found in spatial data infrastructure (SDI) programs. After a brief review of SDIs and Location-Based Services, the corresponding drivers, characteristics and emerging issues within the field of Indoor LBS are introduced and discussed. A comparative framework relates the two in terms of the criteria ‘People’, ‘Data', ‘Technologies', ‘Standards' and ‘Policies/Institutional Arrangements'. After highlighting key similarities and differences, the authors suggested three areas – definition of common framework datasets in Indoor LBS, more effective use of volunteered geographic information by SDI programs and development of appropriate privacy policies by both communities – that may benefit from sharing ‘lessons learned'.     

为地理知识库构建位置本体

随着网络中各种地理相关的应用越来越多,要想解决地理空间信息语义层次上的应用问题,就需要用到地理知识库。其中本体是地理知识库的核心。地理本体是研究地理信息科学领域内不同层次和不同应用方向上的地理空间信息概念的详细内涵和层次关系。本文为地理知识库构建了极具实用性的的位置本体,并详细阐述了基于ETL的数据知识库从资源采集,到数据集成,最后到本体构建的过程。     

基于“天地图”的位置服务平台的设计与实现

在位置服务平台建设过程中,为了解决全国性地图数据源、标准统一、详实性、现势性等问题,设计在地图数据源上采用国家、省、市三级的"天地图"地图服务。并且介绍了平台的分布式架构、多服务器集群服务技术、多终端协议集成服务技术及"天地图"接入实现应用的方法。     

室内位置信息模型与智能位置服务

商业中心、交通枢纽、医院、停车场等复杂室内及地下空间的安全管理与应急响应对室内外无缝导航与位置服务的需求日益迫切,提出了一种室内位置信息模型,扩展了OGC标准CityGML和IndoorGML中的位置信息描述,提供了描述室内相对位置和室内绝对位置的本体,介绍了一种针对三维建筑物模型的室内空间自动提取方法,为智能位置服务奠定了重要基础。     

移动位置服务中增强现实技术的应用

随着信息化从"e战略"到"u战略"的发展,人们对移动位置服务的需求越来越多,但是传统的移动位置服务是一种平面化的服务模式,人们更希望通过直观的位置将虚拟世界具体化,将增强现实技术应用到移动位置服务领域,正是对这种应用模式的一种探索。文中概述了移动位置服务和增强现实技术的概念以及增强现实技术在空间信息可视化方面的研究,重点对增强现实技术与移动位置服务相结合的关键技术及逻辑框架做了论述和讨论,最后总结了增强现实技术应用于移动位置服务领域的意义及未来的发展趋势。     

一个从基于位置相关服务而收集的零星位置点中获取连续车辆轨迹的方法

The paper proposes an economical and fast algorithm for deriving trajectories from sporadic tracking points collected in location-based services (LBS). Although many traffic studies or applications can benefit from the derived trajectories, the sporadic tracking points are always implicitly overlooked by most of existing map-matching algorithms. The algorithm proposed in this paper finds network paths or trajectories traveled by vehicles through augmenting GPS data with odometer data. An odometer can provide data of traveled distance which are compared with the lengths of candidate network paths in order to find the most approximate network path approaching the trajectory of a vehicle. Tracking points are classified into anchor points and non-anchor points. The former are used to divide trajectories, and the latter screen candidate network paths. An elliptic selection zone and a reduction process are applied to the selection of possible road segments composing candidate network paths. A brute-force searching algorithm is developed to find candidate network paths and calculate their lengths. A two-step screening process is designed to select the final result from candidate network paths. Finally, a series of experiments are conducted to validate the proposed algorithm. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40701142), the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education, China.     

基于移动通信网络无线定位技术的原理及应用

无线电定位技术有着广泛的应用前景 ,也是未来第三代移动通信的一个支撑技术。本文介绍了基于移动通信网络无线定位的原理和技术 ,分析了在移动通信系统内实现移动台精确定位的主要技术难点和提高精度的对策     

基于Wi-Fi和Android平台的室内定位技术研究

由于GPS不能满足用户对室内定位的需求,研究并开发基于Wi-Fi和Android平台的室内定位系统,利用位置指纹匹配算法和Kalman滤波实现室内定位。实验结果表明,该系统具有良好的实时动态定位效果。     

基于手机定位方法的研究与精度分析

对手机定位方法进行研究,通过实验采集数据,对手机定位的精度和导航的准确度进行检验。仅从GPS这种方式进行实验检测可知,手机GPS方式定位的精度在50m以内,无论是在市区还是郊区变化不大。手机以目前的精度足以满足大家出行需要。     

导航电子地图自适应用户模型构建与匹配研究

多样化的数据内容和应用需求迫切需要建立导航电子地图内容自适应表达模型,进一步为用户提供个性化服务.本文以用户为中心,从用户需求的角度出发,通过分析用户的背景信息及其用图习惯等行为信息建立了导航电子地图内容自适应表达模型,并利用朴素贝叶斯算法进行模型匹配.研究并改进当前导航电子地图内容结构固化,模式单一的不足,为导航电子地图个性化发展提供一定的借鉴和指导.     

未来综合导航定位技术刍议

社会的发展和人们生活水平的不断提高,使得人们对位置及其相关信息的需求不断增加。未来人们对于导航定位技术的需求将是快速、高精度、高动态和无缝的。未来的综合导航定位技术主要包括单点快速高精度定位技术和特殊地区导航定位技术两大类。本文简要介绍了这两类导航定位技术的现状及今后的发展趋势。     

星载SAR图像的定位精度分析研究

从雷达成像机理出发，详细介绍了星载SAR（Synthetic Aperture Radar）图像的定位算法，并结合仿真的数据和Radarsat卫星的图像，对定位精度进行了分析和研究，研究结果表明，地形起伏、轨道测量误差、回波延时测量误差是影响定位精度的主要因素。在Radarsat卫星本身的系统测量精度范围内，该算法可以使Radarsat图像的定位精度达到600-800m，如果地面站能够提供精确轨道数据，定位精度可进一步提高。     

警用空间大数据区位标识方法及其应用

警用空间大数据为警务工作的开展提供了丰富的决策依据,但也带来了一些挑战,如大数据整合复杂、多尺度信息关联困难、区位标识不唯一等,不利于警务改革的深入发展。本文提出了基于区域的位置标识方法来解决存在的问题,方法基于剖分网格设计了警用空间大数据的区位编码方法,并以户籍的区位标识为例进行说明,最后对其应用进行了展望,从而为警用空间大数据的有效组织和高效应用等提供了一种新的解决思路。     

特型公路曲线测设方法的研究与应用

传统的公路曲线测设的方法有切线支距法、偏角法等,这些传统方法都是先测设出曲线各主点后再进行详细测设,通常会受到实地地形限制,因此需要寻求更方便快捷的方法。随着计算机和全站仪的普及和推广,尤其是GPS定位仪的开发,改变了以往工程技术人员大量、繁复的分析计算工作方式,极大地提高了工作效率和质量。曲线测设程序在测设工作中能够快速、高精度地计算线路上的一切数据,配合全站仪工作,充分发挥便携式计算工具的作用,满足高精度快速测设的需要。本文重点讨论了曲线测设程序的设计原理、过程及其在线路测量中的应用,并指出了该程序的不足和需要改进之处。