应用回归分析进行原煤灰分预测

煤层的原煤灰分分析研究是煤质分析的重要内容。作者应用系列Ⅲ数字测井仪在山西河东煤田、河南永城煤田及安徽淮南煤田等地开展近百口井的测井工作,取得了大量的原始数据,为利用测井资料研究煤层的原煤灰分提供了极有利的条件。本文就概率模型分析法之一的回归分析法的方法内容和分析结果进行了介绍。     

内蒙古胜利煤田共生锗矿的成因地球化学初探

用统计和作图的分析方法,对内蒙古胜利煤田中共生锗矿床的锗品位与挥发分、灰分、硫分的关系进行了研究。结果表明煤中锗品位与挥发分呈正相关、与原煤灰分负相关、与洗煤灰分正相关关系;全区煤属中硫煤,锗品位与原煤和洗煤硫分均呈正相关关系,煤的灰分指数较低(3 579);锗分布不均匀,富锗煤矿明显属于断裂坳陷边缘沉积,锗品位可以在煤层的顶部、中部、底部同时或单个部位呈现高值,大多数煤层中部出现锗高品位值,这有别于以往所报道的锗品位只在煤层顶、底部相对富集的研究结论。认为胜利煤田锗主要与有机质结合;锗的有利聚集条件是水动力较弱、地下水位较低、强还原的停滞沼泽环境;泥炭聚集阶段有机质的吸附作用是锗的主要富集机制。     

黔西织纳煤田上二叠统煤层发育特征与煤质分析

据织纳煤田煤炭地质资料、钻孔资料及前人研究资料的综合分析,论述了织纳煤田上二叠统煤层发育沉积环境及煤质特征,并在此基础上总结了煤层展布规律、硫分、灰分分布规律。结果显示:织纳煤田上二叠统煤层有机组分中镜质组含量,无机组分中硫化物含量均相对较高,反映了泥炭沼泽的覆水程度较深、水动力较弱的缺氧还原环境;煤层厚度分区大致呈北东-南西向带状分布,由北西向南东煤层厚度逐渐变薄;硫分呈不规则带状分布,由北西向南东硫分逐渐升高,以中高硫煤为主;灰分变化总趋势为西部地区的灰分高于东部,以低灰煤为主。     

府谷煤田测井曲线估算煤质灰分的探讨

对煤层灰分分析的经典方法包括从钻孔中取心,然后在实验室化验分析得出。为了克服单纯使用实验室分析因煤心采取率低、钻探岩粉对煤样的污染等产生的误差,采用定量的测井数据来计算煤层灰分,可以在井场快速评价煤质。笔者采用函数判别式 P=0.015ρ(?)-0.77γ中的 P 值与煤层灰分 A~g(化验分析结果)建立相关关系,进行井场煤层灰分估算,这种方法计算煤层灰分与煤心化验分析值相差在2%—3%以内,为陕北府谷石炭二叠纪煤田煤层灰分的分析提供了新的手段。     

涟邵煤田测水煤系煤层灰分的构造分异

运用统计方法和耗散结构原理,对原煤灰分产率和构造分异作用的关系进行研究。煤层的剪切破裂可分为碎裂、碎粒和碎粉3个阶段,与原始结构煤灰分比较,原煤灰分在这3个阶段分别处于相等、增大和减小3种状态。原煤灰分的这种规律性变化与构造的分异作用有关。构造对煤层的分异作用实质上是构造煤从碎粒阶段的无序混杂状态到碎粉阶段煤和非煤组分重组后的新的有序状态的一种不可逆过程。      

东胜煤田新胜勘查区可采煤层煤质特征研究

利用克里格插值法、地质统计法等方法,通过CGIS、SPSS等软件对可采煤层煤质数据进行了分析研究,结果表明：各煤层以低全水分、低灰分、中高挥发分、低固定碳、低硫、中氟煤、高热值为主;全水分东北高西南低;灰分上部煤层高于下部煤层,在平面上中部低,东西两侧高;挥发分上部煤层高于下部煤层;固定碳上部煤层低于下部煤层,在平面上西南高东北低;硫分上部煤层高于下部煤层,平面上东北高西南低;氟含量上部煤层低于下部煤层,在平面上西南区域高于其他区域;低位发热量上部煤层低于下部煤层,西南部区域低于其他区域;原煤灰分与固定碳和低位发热量为极强负相关,固定碳与低位发热量为极强正相关,挥发分与固定碳为强负相关。     

湖南省煤层甲烷资源简介

湖南省煤炭资源是华南九省较好的省之一,有涟邵,郴耒、桑石、黔淑、韶山、茶醴、资汝、祁零八大煤田,其中以涟邵、郴耒煤田甲烷资源丰富。煤层甲烷丰富的控制因素是煤层变质程度高、煤层厚、煤质灰分<20％挥发分<10％、煤层埋藏深、煤层顶底板透气性低、背斜构造、地下水活动弱等。涟邵、郴耒煤田煤层甲烷的生、储,盖组合条件尚属有利,是湖南省煤层甲烷资源的两大远景区,预测其甲烷总量达550亿米~3。     

用模拟测井资料解释煤层灰分可行性验证的方法及效果

本文着重阐述山西河东煤田三交详查勘探区用模拟测井资料解释煤层灰分,进行可行性验证的依据、方法、步骤、可行性评价和取得的地质效果等.用测井资料解释煤层灰分,国内虽已开展多年,但其成果目前尚未被广大地质人员所采用.问题是一方面怀疑现用的模拟测井资料解释的煤层灰分数值是否可靠;另一方面在勘探中有时因煤芯化验灰分数值明显偏高,影响煤层储量,而原因又未证实.除改进钻探采煤工具,提高煤芯采取率,真实地反映煤层结构,改进操作技术防止磨烧污染及严格按采样规程送样外,对现有模拟测井资料解释煤层灰分,进行可行性检验,验证其可靠性则是解决上述矛盾的一个重要方法。     

煤质指标在霍西煤田煤层对比中的应用

利用煤质指标进行煤层对比, 在煤田地质勘探生产中是一种行之有效的方法。介绍了霍西煤田山西组煤层灰分、硫分等煤质指标在对比中的应用。     

成煤环境对煤层、煤质及开采技术条件的控制作用(一)

煤层的很多参数,如煤层厚度变化、连续性、煤中硫分、灰分和痕量元素的含量以及煤层顶底板岩石开采技术条件和瓦斯含量等,是煤田勘探中评价煤矿床的重要因素,也是矿山设计和矿井开发中最关心的问题。若在煤田地质勘探期间,就能在一定程度上预测这些参数和煤层特征及其变化趋势、最有远景的可供开采地区及开采中可能遇到的种种问题,这样,不但解决了地质勘探和矿井开发中的实际问题;而且也可指导勘探和开采,大大地提高经济效益。      

碱沟山矿区煤质特征及煤炭合理利用途径

碱沟山矿区煤层赋存条件、成煤环境、聚煤规律及煤质特征研究程度较低。经对煤层露头及小窑资料的研究,认为该矿区含煤地层为上石炭系羊虎沟组下段,主要开采10、12、14、15、16号煤层,12和15号煤层原煤灰分、硫分稍高,10、14和16号煤层为特低灰、特低硫至富硫煤层;该区煤为高发热量,特低磷-低磷煤。煤的加工利用途径主要为作碳素类制品、石墨类制品、高炉喷吹的原料（冶金喷）以及作烧结铁矿的原料等;也可进行深加工及转化加工。     

Geophysical Log-based Coal Characterization of Middle Permian Barakar Formation from North Karanpura Coal Field,India

North Karanpura coal field is the western most marginal coal bearing segment of east-west trending Damodar valley basin. It consists of middle Permian Barakar Formation with sandstone, siltstone, coal and shale being the dominant lithofacies, deposited in a fluvial meandering environment, giving rise to repetitive fining upwards cycles. Study of geophysical logs, the drilled core holes were used to identify lithofacies, correlate coal seams with splitmerge behavior; which has been used to understand lateral and vertical facies disposition. Geophysical logs have been employed to compute various coal assay parameters–ash, fixed carbon, moisture, volatile content, cleat porosity, vitrinite reflectance seam wise. Study of log based coal assay parameters, calibrated with lab based values depicts lateral coal quality variation, i.e. decreasing ash content, higher fixed carbon from east to west, which can be a great proxy for future development of field or mine planning.     

济宁煤田煤中氯的分布、赋存及富集因素研究

氯是煤中普遍存在的一种元素, 氯的含量与分布影响着煤的加工与利用.通过对济宁煤田各主要可采煤层中氯含量的分析可知, 研究区属低氯煤层, 氯含量的高低及分布与煤层空间位置、成煤植物、沉积环境和地下水活动等因素有着重要的关系.同时, 对氯在煤中的赋存状态进行了研究, 通过氯与有机显微组分、灰产率等指标的相关性计算, 得出研究区煤中的氯与有机显微组分成正比, 与灰产率成反比, 说明氯主要存在于煤的有机质中, 并且主要是存在于镜质组分的微孔隙中.      

福建二叠系童子岩组煤炭洁净等级及其分布特征

以煤的宏量组分作为评价指标,根据福建省已勘查的118个井田(或矿区)煤的灰分和硫分分析数据,运用计算机软件对童子岩组煤的洁净等级及分布范围进行划分,结果表明童子岩组煤洁净等级主要为Ⅱ～Ⅴ级,以Ⅲ级为主,占80%以上,在各煤田均有分布;少量Ⅳ级,微量Ⅱ级和Ⅴ级。     

From in-situ coal to fly ash: a study of coal mines and power plants from Indiana

This paper presents data on the properties of coal and fly ash from two coal mines and two power plants that burn single-source coal from two mines in Indiana. One mine is in the low-sulfur (<1%) Danville Coal Member of the Dugger Formation (Pennsylvanian) and the other mines the high-sulfur (>5%) Springfield Coal Member of the Petersburg Formation (Pennsylvanian). Both seams have comparable ash contents (11%). Coals sampled at the mines (both raw and washed fractions) were analyzed for proximate/ultimate/sulfur forms/heating value, major oxides, trace elements and petrographic composition. The properties of fly ash from these coals reflect the properties of the feed coal, as well as local combustion and post-combustion conditions. Sulfur and spinel content, and As, Pb and Zn concentrations of the fly ash are the parameters that most closely reflect the properties of the source coal.     

东三江地区新近系褐煤煤质特征

东三江地区新近系中一上新统富锦组含有巨厚层褐煤,其含煤性以朝阳、七星河区为最好,主要可采煤层为6、10号煤层,根据大量煤质数据分析,煤的显微组分均以镜质组占绝对优势,其含量在75％左右,惰质组含量约占3％,灰分产率为20％,挥发分产率为55％,朝阳区10号煤层全硫含量平均为0．24％,七星河区为0．13％,根据煤质特征综合分析．富锦组煤层属特高挥发分、低磷-特低磷、低硫-特低硫、中灰、富油、中-富腐殖酸高热值褐煤。     

Deformation metamorphism of bituminous and anthracite coals from China

Tectonic displacement of coal seams in China has resulted in faulting parallel to coal bedding. Displacement along these faults caused significant comminution of the coal on the footwall contributing to various mining problems, the worst of which is catastrophic failure, or “outbursting” of the working face during mining. The granular texture and mostly unconsolidated nature of the coal suggests that faulting occurred relatively late in the coalification sequence, at a time of maximum tectonic stress. Coal samples taken on either side of the fault plane (normal and deformed coal layers) were obtained in an effort to establish what influence these tectonic stresses might have had on coal properties as well as what they might reveal about the influence of tectonic pressure on organic maturity. Sample sets were collected within coal beds from undisturbed and adjacent deformed layers, including 21 bituminous samples from the Pingdingshan coal field and nine anthracite samples from the Jiaozuo coal field, the Tieshenggou coal mine of the Yuxi coal field in Henan province, the Beijing Xishan coal field, the Baijiao mine of the Furong coal field in Sichuang province and the Baisha coal field in Hunan province, China. Results from vitrinite reflectance, proximate and ultimate analyses show some differences in reflectance, hydrogen content and nitrogen content of anthracite coal. No significant difference was found between volatile matter yields of normal and deformed coal specimens. GC measurements of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction of chloroform extracts from bituminous coals showed that lower molecular weight carbon fragments were concentrated in the deformed samples. Therefore, although changes in the gross chemical properties of the deformed coal were insignificant, some modification of the chemical structure is seen to have occurred as a result of exposure to tectonic pressure.     

测井方法在湖南测水煤系中的应用

测水煤系是湖南分布较广、储量丰富的含煤地层之一。对于结构简单,灰份较低的煤层,可以通过异常明显的自然伽马低异常与伽马伽马高异常加以判别。但在结构复杂、挤压破坏强烈、薄煤分层、夹矸与顶底围岩炭化程度高、煤与围岩及夹矸物性差异小等情况下,仅靠自然伽马与伽马伽马等常规测井方法难以满足测井质量验收标准。以浆江勘探区3909孔、3503孔及金竹山矿区7403孔为例,利用伽马伽马短源距、三侧向、声速及密度等测井方法,结合常规自然伽马与伽马伽马测井,较好地解决了复杂结构煤层的定性、定厚问题,取得了较好的地质效果。     

山西白额勘探区煤质特征分析

基于原始测试数据分析了山西白额勘探区石炭二叠纪各主要煤层煤质特征与成煤环境的关系。研究表明,区内主要可采煤层煤的显微组分均以镜质组为主,约占76％,惰质组约占19％。各煤层灰分产率总体为低-中灰煤,2、3号煤硫分属特低硫-中高硫,10号煤硫分为中高-高硫。成煤环境的水介质由咸水-半咸水-淡水,导致煤层原煤全硫及微量元素含量由下向上降低,同一煤层顶板附近煤中微量元素含量低于底板附近煤层。聚煤特征决定了煤中伴生元素的地球化学行为,使得区内煤中微量元素含量普遍较低,无明显伴生元素富集。     

Petrographic, mineralogy, and geochemistry of coals of Pabedana, Kerman Province, Central Iran

This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds.