砷的野外快速分析方法——氢化物发生-光导分光光度法

考察了在野外工作条件下，砷氢化物发生的各种影响因素，对氢化物发生-新银盐光度法测定砷的样品分解方法进行了简化和改进，配合自行研制的光导分光光度计，实现了砷的野外快速测定。样品经王水封闭溶解后，加入混合试剂以消除干扰，在调整酸度后，加入硼氢化钾将砷还原，呈AsH3选出，使硝酸银还原成胶体银，用光导分光光度计进行测定。方法检出限（3s）为0.20μg／g，加标回收率为92．0％～108％。方法经水系沉积物国家一级标准物质验证，分析结果与标准值相符，11次测定的相对标准偏差（RSD）小于10％。     

原子荧光光谱法测定地质样品中的痕量锗

分析了溶矿过程中HNO3、H2SO4、HClO4、H3PO4等对Ge的影响，采用AgNO3滤气装置消除气相干扰，测定了地质样品中的痕量锗，方法检出限为0．06μg／g，用土壤国家一级标准物质GBW 07401～GBW 07408验证方法，结果与标准值相符，其相对标准偏差(RSD，n=12)为3．66％～6．11％。     

原子荧光光谱法直接测定铜矿中的硒

采用硫脲抑制铜的干扰，不经分离富集原子荧光光谱法直接测定铜矿中的Se。方法的检出限为0．02μg/g。Se浓度在0～80μg／L与荧光强度呈线性关系。用铜矿石国家一级标准物质GBW 07233(ωSe为5．1μg／g)和GBW 07234(ωSe为0.89μg／g)进行精密度试验，RSD(n=12)为3.44％、8.06％。加标准回收试验结果，Se的回收率为93．2％～104、6％。经铜矿石国家标准物质验证，测定结果与标准值相符，方法适用于铜矿中0～8．0μg／g Se的测定。     

悬浮液进样-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中痕量砷锑硒

在原子荧光光谱法传统样品前处理的基础上，提出了悬浮液进样技术。用琼脂作为悬浮剂，水溶液作为校正曲线，对土壤标准样品和实际样品进行测定，结果令人满意，并且省去了冗长的样品化学前处理过程。检出限分别为砷0．33μg／L、锑0．13μg／L、硒0．06μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为：砷3．92％～6．32％、锑1．76％～3．11％、硒3．08％～5．54％；回收率分别为砷98．7％～105．7％、锑99．5％-103．3％和硒94．6％-107．2％。国家一级标准物质的测定结果与标准值相符，实际样品的测定值与传统消化法相比较，结果基本一致。     

偏振激发-能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定卤水中主量元素硫氯钾钙

用模拟卤水建立一套能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定卤水中硫氯钾钙主量元素含量的方法。结果表明，方法连用于高盐度卤水的测试分析，一定浓度的Mg对测定结果没有明显的影响。方法的分析精密度（RSD，n=15）为0．97％～4．16％（除Ca外），检出限为S0．030g／L、C10．015g／L、K0．020g／L和Ca0．008g／L。卤水中S、Cl、K的测定结果与相应的重量法、滴定法、原子吸收光谱法结果相符。     

离子色谱法快速测定土壤中碘量

优化了碘的离子色谱分离和测定条件，仅使用保护柱IonPacAG11柱，即可快速测定土壤中的碘。方法检测限0．04μg／g(3倍的标准偏差)，测定了8个国家一级标准物质中的痕量碘，验证方法可行性，并且结果与标准值相符，相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10％(n=12)。该方法适用于大批量化探样品中碘量的分析。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定面粉中微量砷

样品用硝酸-高氯酸混合酸消解，考察了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定面粉中微量砷的实验条件，包括混合酸和还原剂硼氢化钾的用量。方法测定砷的线性范围为0．0—30．0μg／L，仪器的检出限为0．26μg／L，加标回收率为94．0％-104．0％，方法的精密度（RSD，n=11）为1．16％。方法操作简便、快速、灵敏度高。     

深孔电极载体蒸馏光谱法测定化探样品中八个易挥发元素

以碘化铵、硫酸钠、硫粉、碳粉、氧化钙、二氧化硅混合物为缓冲剂，深孔电极，截取曝光，以谱带背景作内标，一次摄谱同时测定化探样品中As、Sb、Bi、Ag、Pb、Cd、Tl、Sn等微量元素。方法精密度（RSD，n=10）为1．2％-5．0％，检出限为0．013—1．0μg／g。方法经国家一级标准物质验证，测定结果与标准值基本相符。     

微波辅助提取-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中无机砷

建立了微波辅助提取-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中无机砷的分析方法。用正交试验设计结合单因素试验优化了样品粒度、提取温度、提取时间、固液比等微波提取条件，研究了共存离子对无机砷测定的干扰情况。方法的线性范围为0．25～40．0μg/g，无机砷的检出限为0．05μg/g，样品加标回收率为92．9％～105．0％。方法的精密度（RSD，n=11）为0．3％。与水浴提取法相比，微波辅助提取法具有快速、高效的优势。方法已用于分析3个不同产地有代表性土壤中无机砷含量。     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定煤中砷硫磷氯

采用人工混配有限煤炭标准样品粉末直接压片制样，X射线荧光光谱仪同时测量煤中的砷、硫、磷、氯。优化了样品粒度、样品量、助磨剂、制样压力和保压时间等实验条件，用可变α系数法进行基体校正。方法测定范围为As0．0015％-0．0051％、S0．21％-1．44％、P0．003％～0．096％、C10．01％-0．11％；检出限为As 1．2μg／g、S22μg／g、P2．1μg／g、C12．0μg／g。与标准方法对照，结果基本一致。方法快速、简便，满足了煤炭检验需要。     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20140985Chen Liang(Post-Doctoral Research Station of Mining Engineering,School of Nuclear Resources and Nuclear Fuel Engineering,University of South China,Heng-yang 421001,China);Huang Wei Composition of Major and Correlated Elements with Organic Matters and Paleoclimatic Implication for Lower Paleogene Sediments in Sanshui Basin