刚体地球CIP轴的极移和岁差章动

基于刚体地球极移和章动的联合动力学方程。给出了CIP轴的极移、岁差章动动力学方程,在顾及到5阶岁差章动力矩的情况下,给出了CIP轴的岁差章动表达式。通过推导发现。奇数阶引潮力位产生的岁差章动力矩使得黄经章动和交角章动出现了异向项(即：黄经章动出现了cos项,交角章动出现了sin项)。     

利用自回归模型检测地球极移重力效应

同时采用4个台站的国际超导重力仪长期连续重力观测资料和国际地球自转服务中心提供的同步地球自转参数，研究了极移引起的地球重力场变化特征。利用自回归模型估计了各序列的功率谱密度和积谱密度，结果表明极移导致的重力效应的主要能量集中在Chandler摆动和周年项附近，叠积后实际重力观测与极移重力信号理论值之间的差异分别为0．4％和3．9％，说明超导重力仪可有效监测极移导致的重力变化。     

我国GWR超导重力仪观测资料应用研究进展

综述了武汉超导重力仪观测资料分析结果和地球动力学应用研究成果，包括精密测定地球潮汐常数。建立国际重力潮汐基准，构帛重力合成潮信号，提取大气和海洋负荷信号，精密确定地球自由核章动参数等内容。     

ITRS/J2000坐标转换误差及其对掩星反演的影响分析

分别对ITRS/J2000转换过程中的极移/潮汐章动、常数偏差矩阵等误差造成的影响进行分析,并分析季节变化、太阳活动、地磁活动等对坐标转换精度的影响。对2019年的IGS精密星历数据进行ITRS地固系转J2000惯性系坐标分析表明,潮汐章动造成的坐标转换误差为0.44 m,春季坐标转换误差(0.23 mm)是其他季节的约3倍;常数偏差矩阵对坐标转换误差可造成1.7 m的影响。对中性大气掩星反演的轨道转换加入误差改正项进行分析表明,潮汐章动和常数偏差矩阵对反演的温度产品分别造成0.09 K和0.19 K的误差影响。建议在进行GNSS无线电掩星反演中采用潮汐章动的高频改正,并且在ITRS/J2000转换过程中推荐将常数偏差矩阵进行旋转处理。     

地球自转、极移与地壳形变

由于地球表面是球面，所以地表任何方向的水平运动实际上都是转动。地球自转所产生的离心力矩是大陆离极运动的原因，由此而产生的极移使地球发生相应的形变。计算表明，极移是大规模地壳运动和地震活动的原因之一。     

基于数字天顶摄影仪的地球自转参数测定方法研究

为研究利用数字天顶摄影定位方法测定地球自转参数的可行性,结合数字天顶摄影定位原理及时空基准转换差异,详细分析多台站地球自转参数测定及单台站UT1-UTC测定原理,并推导给出相关数学模型。模拟仿真及实测验证结果表明,采用目前高精度天顶摄影定位系统(精度0.05″),通过全国范围内的合理布站,可实现UT1-UTC参数±5 ms、极移参数±0.06″的测量精度。单台站UT1-UTC实测精度为5~8 ms,可满足特定军事工程需求,同时可为多台站联合解算ERP参数提供数据支撑。研究成果可为我国开展地球自转参数测定提供理论参考。     

基于CONT观测资料解算地球自转参数精度分析

为比较不同时段和不同技术解算地球自转参数的差异,基于CONT08、CONT11、CONT14、CONT17和IVS-R1/R4定期观测的2008年、2011年、2014年、2017年数据进行地球自转参数解算。同时,利用与CONT观测同时段的GPS数据参与解算,并以IERS提供的EOP14 C04序列作为参考值进行精度评定。结果表明,CONT17与其他3组CONT观测值相比具有更高的极移解算精度,精度提升约40%,但UT1-UTC精度基本处于同一水平;CONT观测比其他类型VLBI观测数据具有更突出的优势,如极移精度提升约30%,UT1-UTC精度提升约45%;VLBI和GPS观测技术比较显示,前者在解算UT1-UTC上更占优势,而后者在解算极移上更占优势。     

VLBI观测资料解算地球自转参数精度分析

为分析VLBI观测资料解算地球自转参数的精度,根据VLBI观测原理及其误差方程,分别利用2020年VLBI观测数据及CONT17连续加密观测的XA、XB两种频率通道数据解算地球自转参数,并以EOP14 C04序列作为计算外符合精度的参考序列。结果表明,VLBI观测数据解算地球自转参数各分量的外符合精度均能满足高精度要求,比较解算结果与同时段GPS连续数据的解算结果发现,两者精度总体处于同一水平;CONT17观测的XA、XB两种频率通道数据解算极移时精度相当,但前者在稳定性及解算UT1-UTC序列精度上具有较大优势。     

万有引力和向心力在行星公转和自转中的作用机制

论述了万有引力和向心力在行星公转和自转中的作用机制，特别指出地表任一质点随同地球自转所作的圆周运动中向心力是较之离心力更为实在的外在动因，并认为该动因是由地球引力所提供的。最后对向心力在地壳形变和地球动力学中的作用进行了讨论。     

地球自转、断层形变与地震活动关系研究

对地球自转、断层形变和地震活动三者各自的活动性规律进行了比较,对三者之间的相关性进行了分析,得出了几点新的认识：1）地球自转速度变化与地壳形变相关,近30年来存在准10年周期的变化,但相关成分在总的形变信息中比重很小,呈弱相关;2）地球自转速度变慢、日长变长、华北地震活跃,据此认为目前华北处于非强震活动期;3）强震中短期前兆在形变资料中有较好的显示,但在地球自转资料中不会出现特定地震的中短期前兆异常;4）地球自转速度变化与地壳形变可能是同源关系,而不是从属关系,有互补性;5）华北最近的两个地震活动高潮期与地球自转变化的10年以上周期相关,认为地震活动与地球自转变化有关系,但不同区域会有不同的对应关系。同样是地球自转速度变慢,因不同区域地壳与地幔的耦合关系不一样,速度变化对不同区域地壳活动的影响也不同。     

云南丽江台OSG-066重力潮汐观测结果及应用

基于云南丽江台超导重力仪OSG-066超过5 a的连续重力潮汐观测资料，获取高精度潮汐参数并构建地方重力潮汐模型，为丽江地区精确重力潮汐改正提供参考。研究9个全球海潮模型在丽江台的重力影响改正有效性，用时域内回归分析法和频域内小波分析法分别研究大气重力导纳值的变化特征，并利用观测潮汐数据估算自由核章动本征参数。结果表明，9个海潮模型在丽江台的重力影响改正效果基本一致，NAO.99b模型的改正精度较高；大气重力导纳值在时域和频域内均显示出较为明显的季节性变化特征，且与降雨量变化存在负相关关系。自由核章动本征周期为431.5(411.2, 454.0)恒星日，品质因子为 -2 796。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.