青岛侧花海葵(新种)的描述

作者在青岛栈桥潮间带岩石上和小水坑中的沙石上采到一种小型海葵,对它进行室内养殖和观察,发现它是一个新种,定名为青岛侧花海葵(新种) Anthopleura qingdaoensis sp. nov.     

Dinophysoid dinoflagellates from subphotic depths:Amphisolenia sp.aff.brevicauda,Dinofurcula tricornuta sp.nov.,and Dinophysis profunda sp.nov.(Dinophysales,Dinophyceae)

Three species of dinophysoid planktonic dinoflagellates are described from the eastern Mediterranean Sea.Amphisolenia sp.aff.brevicauda was collected at 70-m de...     

Morphological observation and rbcL gene sequences studies of two new species, Grateloupia dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao, sp. nov. and G. yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan, sp. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from China

A few species in the genus Grateloupia (Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta) have been investigated in detail with respect to morphological observations and molecular analyses.In this study,the authors document the vegetative and reproductive structures of two new species of Grateloupia,G.dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao,sp.nov.and G.yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan,sp.nov.They both have the morphological character that carpogonial ampullae and auxiliary cell ampullae are the simple Grateloupia-type.The two species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by their distinctive morphological features respectively.Based on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene sequences,the phylogenetic tree obtained in the study indicated that they are both embedded within the Grateloupia clade.G.dalianensis clusters a subclade with G.asiatica,and G.yinggehaiensis forms a single monophyletic subclade with G.hawaiiana.     

Spinoecia crassispina (nov. sp.), A NEW SPECIES OF PLANKTONIC OSTRACODA

INTRODUCTION In the analysis of the planktonic samples collected from the transection survey of the East China Sea (28°—34°N, west to 127°E) from December, 1977 to November, 1978, and the survey of the South China Sea(12°—19°30'N, 111°—118°E) from September, 1983 to December, 1984, we found some female specimens belonging to Spinoecia, but different from all the known species in the genus. Based on comparisons, we have iden-     

巴马繐唇鲃年龄与生长特性

对采自广西红水河都安红渡镇河段的8个批次共289尾巴马繐唇鲃样本进行了生物学测定分析.结果表明:巴马繐唇鲃渔获物以1～2龄鱼为主,捕捞群体呈低龄化;体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈线性关系:L=1.782 4 67.67R;体长与体重的关系式为W=0.033 4L2.830 2,其生长规律用von Bertalanffy方程表示为Lt=16.477 7[1-e-0.219 0(t 1.177 2)]和Wt=92.696 3[1-e-0.219 0(t 1.177 2)]2.830 2;生长拐点年龄为3.57龄,此时的体长和体重分别为10.65 cm和25.04 g.生长速度和加速度曲线能反映其生长规律.建议实施巴马繐唇鲃资源保护,以维持其渔业可持续发展.     

牙鲆病原秦皇岛弧菌的血清型及荧光抗体检验

用分离于病(死)牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus L.)的一种新病原弧菌——秦皇岛弧菌(Vibrio qinhuangdaora sp.nov.)的代表菌株(HQ010712-1株),分别制备全菌(OK)及热处理(121℃作用1h)的菌体(O)免疫原,强化免疫接种家兔制备相应抗血清,对供试12株秦皇岛弧菌进行了血清型检定,结果表明均存在同种的K抗原和同种的O抗原(血清同源),其中O抗原具有强免疫原性、K抗原的免疫原性弱但具有强O凝集抑制作用;以相应OK抗血清为第一抗体,以标准的羊抗兔IgG荧光抗体为第二抗体,对12株秦皇岛弧菌的纯培养物及用代表菌株(HQ010712-1)人工感染病死牙鲆的肝组织进行了间接荧光抗体染色,结果显示了特异的荧光反应。     

On a new species of deep-water Siphonophora, Lensia multicristoides sp. nov. from middle South China Sea

-In this paper, a new species of deep-water Siphonophora, Lensia multicristoides sp. nov., collected from the middle South China Sea is described and compared with some similar species in the genus.     

Discovery of Cladonema multiramosum sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Hy-drozoa: Cladonematidae) using DNA barcoding and life cycle analyses

In contrast to typical planktonic hydromedusae, Cladonema medusae are mostly benthic, with specialised adhesive branches to adhere to the substrate. In this study, a Cladonema species discovered in a laboratory aquarium in Fuzhou, China, was confirmed as a new species, based on morphological and molecular analyses.The species was named Cladonema multiramosum sp. nov. Its medusa is distinct from that of congeners possessing substantially more adhesive branches(8–24, rarely 5–7), and tiny branches...     

南海介形类(介形纲:壮肢亚纲:吸海萤科)一新属新种——复合多腺浮萤

浮游介形类是海洋生态系统中极为丰富的一类小型甲壳动物,是海洋浮游动物的重要组成部分。吸海萤科是介形纲吸海萤目下的一大类群,其中,浮萤族已记述21属的生物。本文报道和描述了新近采自南海中部的一个浮萤族新属新种--复合多腺浮萤。该新物种与相关属和种可通过综合相关特征进行区分：位于右不对称腺体上方的侧角腺开口于近后缘;沿其壳腹缘具有一列排列密集的边缘腺;其前器官形状的综合特点与族内其他属物种均不同;第一触角的e刚毛不具有毛或刺;第二触角内肢乳状突表现为一具有腹面中央凹的椭圆隆起,第一外肢具有一根小背前缘刺,第一与第二外肢愈合,第三与第四外肢不具有刚毛或刺;大颚的第一内肢具一根长腹侧刚毛,第二内肢具一根腹侧刚毛;小颚第一内肢具两根基部刚毛;第五肢的第一外肢仅具一根腹侧刚毛;第六肢的第一与第二外肢不具有腹侧刚毛。其壳上主要腺体及开口位置与其他已记录属种的显著区别是该新属的主要特征。     

Abergasilus amplexus gen. et sp. nov. (Ergasilidae; parasitic Copepoda) from fishes in Lake Ellesmere,New Zealand

This taxon is distinguished from other Ergasilidae by having only three pairs of legs, and a well‐developed hook on the penultimate joint of the second antenna abutting against the claw‐like terminal segment. A. amplexus has been reported from Anguilla australis, A. dieffenbachii, Perca fluviatilis, Carassius auratus, Retropinna retropinna, Physiculus bachus, Galaxias maculatus, Arripis trutta, Rhombosolea leporina, R. retiaria, and R. plebeia from Lake Ellesmere, near Christchurch, and from Anguilla australis from Makara River near Wellington. Both localities are euryhaline.     

九龙江口伪镖水蚤科一新种——沈氏伪镖水蚤

记述了采自九龙江口桡足类1个新种——沈氏伪镖水蚤（Pseudodiaptomus sheni Guo&Wang,sp.nov.）,对其形态特征进行了拍照、绘图和描述。形态上,新种头部钝尖,雌性胸部后侧角内缘乳状突起明显、生殖厣末端突起呈长倒刺状、尾叉外侧第2和第3尾刚毛基部膨大、第5胸足外肢第1节内末角突起尖细,雄性第5胸足左足第2基节后缘中部三角形突起狭尖,与火腿伪镖水蚤[P.poplesia（Shen,1955）]存在显著的形态差异;两者基于线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ（mtCOI）基因片段的遗传差异为17.4%~19.5%。沈氏伪镖水蚤的命名旨在纪念中国科学院动物研究所甲壳动物分类学家沈嘉瑞（1902-1975）研究员,模式标本保存于厦门大学海洋科技博物馆。     

Daptonema parabreviseta sp. nov.(Xyalidae,Nematoda) from the Jiaozhou Bay of the Yellow Sea,China

A new species of free-living marine nematode of the genus Daptonema Cobb, 1920 is described from the sublittoral sediment of the Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao. Daptonema parabreviseta sp. nov.is characterized by having narrowed anterior end; small funnel-shaped buccal cavity; short cephalic setae;spicules with bulbiform proximal end and pointed distal end; gubercunalum tubular shape with a blunt dorsal apophysis. The female genital system presents a spacious postvulval sac. The new species closely resembles Daptonema brevisetosum Thanh & Gagarin, 2009. However, it differs from Daptonema brevisetosum by having relatively narrowed head(10 μm vs 20 μm); spicules with bulbiform proximal end and pointed distal end, not bifurcated at distal end. Female genital system with a spacious postvulval sac(vs absent).     

Paramonohystera weihaiensis sp.nov.(Xyalidae,Nematoda) from the intertidal beach of the Yellow Sea,China

A new species of free-living marine nematode of the genus Paramonohystera was described from the intertidal beach, Weihai. Paramonohystera weihaiensis sp. nov. is characterized by cervical region with a circle of long setae;tail sexual dimorphism, male tail angled dorsally with sharp narrowed of the body at the cloaca, female tail ordinary conico-cylindrical;spicules slender, 2.5 abd long;gubernaculum plate, enlarged distal end with two teeth, without apophysis;precloacal supplements absent;Four caudal gland cells obviously extended to tail. The new species differs from the other fourteen known valid congeners by the combination of its characteristics:a circle of long cervical setae, tail sexual dimorphism, spicules slender, 2.5 abd long, gubernaculum plate with a distal pair of teeth.     

极地寡营养细菌(Alteromonas stellipolaris sp. nov.)色素的提取及其理化性质的研究

以分离自南极海洋的寡营养细菌所产的褐色素为试验材料,进行了该色素的提取和稳定性分析。结果表明,色素粗品至少含有3种以上不同的褐色素,该褐色素易溶于水和甲醇;最大吸收波长为214nm;在pH≥4.0、热、光照(自然光与紫外线)下都能表现出良好的稳定性;抗H2O2、HNO3氧化能力强,NaClO对其破坏较大;Na2SO3、抗坏血酸对其有护色作用;Fe3+、Fe2+和Pb2+则有一定的破坏作用,Mg2+对该色素有护色作用,其它金属离子影响不大。试验表明,寡营养细菌褐色素在稳定性上呈现出一定优势,具有作为一种天然色素资源的开发和应用价值。     

南海南部海域浮游介形类新种——南沙深海浮萤*

文章描述了发现于南海南沙海槽的一新种——南沙深海浮萤(Bathyconchoecia nanshaensis sp. nov.)。该种个体小,壳长度(CL<1.0mm)和壳高度(~70% CL)与小深海浮萤(Bathyconchoecia paulula)和太平洋深海浮萤(Bathyconchoecia pacifica)非常相似。但是, 根据不对称腺体开口的位置、下颌骨的臀齿边缘的结构, 以及第六肢的位置可以把该种和这两个相似的物种区分开。     

Population dynamics and chemical ecology of New Zealand Demospongiae Latrunculia sp. nov. and Polymastia croceus (Poecilosclerida: Latrunculiidae: Polymastiidae)

For 3 years aspects of the population dynamics, growth, and bioactivity (measure of biologically active metabolite biosynthesis) of the Demospongiae Latrunculia sp. nov. and Polymastia croceus (Kelly‐Borges & Bergquist) were examined on a subtidal reef on the Wellington south coast, New Zealand. For both species, survival of adult sponges was high in all seasons, whereas juvenile sponges had poor survival. Recruitment of Latrunculia sp. nov. occurred in all seasons indicating that this species is reproductively active throughout the year. P. croceus recruited mostly in autumn, supporting previous work that found the sponge to be reproductively active in summer and early autumn only. For both sponge species, growth rates varied greatly between individuals and were unaffected by initial sponge size within the range examined. Sponges generally grew during winter and spring as the water temperature rose, and shrank during summer and autumn as the water temperature fell. This growth pattern may relate to seasonal variation in food abundance, and for P. croceus it may result also from seasonal differences in reproductive investment. After 2 years, Latrunculia sp. nov. and P. croceus had on average, halved and doubled in size, respectively. Latrunculia sp. nov. showed a seasonal pattern of bioactivity, being most active in spring possibly to prevent the surface overgrowth of fouling organisms. P. croceus had no seasonal pattern of bioactivity, but individuals were either very active or inactive. The bioactive metabolites in both species possibly aid in competitive interactions and prevent predation and biofouling.     

Observations on Gastrotricha from a sandy beach in southeastern Australia,with a description of Halichaetonotus australis sp. nov. (Gastrotricha,Chaetonotida)

Several species of Gastrotricha were found among samples of nematodes extracted from a sandy ocean beach, South Broulee beach, in southeastern Australia. One of these Gastrotricha turned out to be a species new to science which is described as Halichaetonotus australis sp. nov. in this study. Although the spines of the hydrofoil scales resemble those of the cosmopolitan H. aculifer, a distinctive feature of the new species is the presence of three prominent posterior dorsal spines. These are exaggerations of the keels found on the dorsal overlapping scales that cover the dorsal surfaces of the head, neck, and trunk. The spines are almost as long as the rami of the terminal furca. H. australis sp. nov. also resembles H. marivagus, but differs in lacking both a cephalion and hypostomion. Freeze drying is introduced as a preparation method for scanning electron microscopy of Gastrotricha.     

Karlodinium elegans sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales,Dinophyceae), a novel species isolated from the East China Sea in a dinofl agellate bloom

Abstract On May 24–29,2019,a harmful algal bloom occurred in Pingtan coastal areas,Fujian,southeast China,and caused mass mortality of cage-cultured fi sh.Two clonal cultures of an unknown naked dinofl agellate were set up from seawater samples taken during the bloom.The cultures were examined for morphological features,ultrastructure characters,photosynthetic pigments,the large subunit(LSU)of the rRNA gene,and the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequences,as well as acute toxicity analysis.The cell was unarmored,small-sized,and ovoid,and was characterized by elaborate striations on the epicone and hypocone.The nucleus was large,ellipsoid to oval or kidney-shaped,and centrally located in the cell.A long linear apical groove originated above the sulcus in the ventral epicone and extended to the dorsal side.An elongate,slit-like“ventral pore”was located on the left of the epicone,well away from the apical groove.The chloroplasts were yellowish brown,numerous,band like,and irregularly distributed in the cell periphery.Fucoxanthin was the main accessory pigment composition.Phylogeny topology reconstructed on partial LSU rDNA showed that the unknown dinofl agellate branched as a sister species to Karlodinium sp.(strain IFR981&IFR797,from France)and Karlodinium corrugatum(strain KDGSO08,from Australia),with genetic divergences of 0.6%and 3.3%,respectively.Based on the morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis,we describe the novel dinofl agellate as Karlodinium elegans sp.nov.A toxicity assay revealed that the clonal culture of K.elegans(strain PTB601)had no adverse eff ect on brine shrimp(Artemia salina)and marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma),indicating it may not be a toxic species.     

中国东南沿海小头虫科(环节动物:多毛类)一新种

中蚓虫是小头虫科较为常见的属,中国海区的样品过去常被鉴定为加洲中蚓虫Mediomastus californiensis Hartman。本研究中,来自东南沿海四个不同海区的118条中蚓虫样品被鉴定为一个新的种类,在此给出具体描述。这个新种具有如下特征：（1）第1至9刚节表皮双环型,刚毛束位于体节中间位置,而后的刚节多环型,刚毛束位于体节后半部;（2）后腹区具有疣足突起;（3）前4个胸刚节仅具双羽型翅毛状刚毛,其它体节仅具巾钩刚毛;（4）胸区巾钩刚毛的柄长且直,巾长为宽的3至5倍;（5）腹区巾钩刚毛不同于胸区,较短且具收缩部;（6）甲基绿染色模式独特。这个研究表明了中国海区的中蚓虫可能被误鉴定为加洲中蚓虫,而这个新种M.chinensis sp.nov.在东南沿海广为分布。     

发现于我国渤海辽东湾的海洋甲藻新种-渤海异冒藻(Heterocapsa bohaiensis sp. nov.)

A small armed dinoflagellate bloomed in the aquaculture ponds off the coast of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea of China,resulting in heavy mortalities of the cultured prawns(Penaeus japonicus) and larvae of Chinese mitten handed crabs(Eriocheir sinensis). The bloom-forming species was successfully isolated, and cellular morphology of the specimen was consequently investigated through light, fluorescent and electron microscopy. The small((14.4±1.6) μm in length) ellipsoid cells show typical Heterocapsa thecal plate arrangement(Po, cp, 5′, 3 a, 7′′, 6 c,5 s, 5′′′, 2′′′′). The episome is evidently bigger than the hyposome. One to three spherical pyrenoids are located above or beside the large elongated nucleus. The body scale is characterized by a triangle basal plate with one central upright and nine peripheral spines. Above all, Heterocapsa bohaiensis could be distinguished from other Heterocapsa species by the combination of the cell size, morphology, cellular structure and body scale. Sequence analyses of both ITS and LSU regions reveal the significant genetic divergence between H. bohaiensis and other established species in this genus, further supporting novelty of this species. Noticeably, different sample treatment methods resulted in morphological variation of the apical pore complex(APC) of H. bohaiensis, which needs to be taken into account in future study.