γ爆与不同富性的Abell团的交叉相关分析

我们分析了强γ爆和弱γ爆与不同富性的Ａｂｅｌｌ团之间的交叉相关特性。发现弱γ爆与所有富性的Ａｂｅｌｌ团都没有交叉相关，而强γ爆除了与Ｒ≥２的Ａｂｅｌｌ团没有交叉相关外，与Ｒ＝０，Ｒ＝１的Ａｂｅｌｌ团都有１σ以上的交叉相关。     

不同类型Abell团与类星体的成协

本文采用覆盖全天区的ＨＢ类星体表和ＡＣＯ星系团表为样本，对不同类型的Ａｂｅｌ星系团进行分类研究，发现不同类型的星系团与类星体的成协有不同的特性．两样品的ＫＳ检验证实与Ａｂｅｌ成协（或反成协）的类星体与全部类星体不是出自同一母体，说明这种成协（或反成协）是真实的，不是由投影效应引起的．进一步的计算得到，Ｄ４的Ａｂｅｌ团对其周围成协类星体的密度增强因子ｑ＝１．０８９，Ｒ２的Ａｂｅｌ团对其周围的类星体的吸收星等ＡＢ＝０．０９．     

类星体和Abell星系团的角相关函数

本文采用目前样品数最大的Hewitt Burbidge类星体总表与覆盖全天区的Abell星系团表 (即ACO表 )研究了类星体与星系团分布的成协问题 .利用交叉相关函数方法 ,发现在角距离θ >3°范围内类星体与Abell团呈反相关现象 .这种反相关主要是由光学选类星体产生的 ,射电选类星体的分布与Abell团基本无关 ,这一事实支持了星系团中尘埃的吸收效应的解释 .在θ <3°范围反而无明显的反相关性 ,说明类星体与星系团存在着成协的倾向 .进一步分析表明类星体与星系团的相关性与红移无关 ,这不利于引力透镜效应的解释     

cD Abell团的空间相关函数ξ(r)

利用估计红移对Abell统计样品中的cD团进行了空间两点相关函数的计算,确证了cD团的相关性质;特别指出了在特大尺度～300Mpc(H_0=100km·sec~(-1)Mpc~(-1))上cD团仍有一定的相关,而且cD团与射电源和超星系团之间可能存在着空间分布上的联系和对应,显示了更大尺度上可能的成团相关性。     

γ爆的磁流管模型

本文讨论了一种基于老年中子星的γ爆的磁流管模型.这个模型认为中子星表面磁场包含有两种成分,一种为弱的偶极背景磁场,另一种为细管状局域强磁场.此模型可以同时解释回旋吸收线和高能尾巴的存在.本文还计算了磁场为1.7×10~(12)G时的Compton散射截面。对于GB880205,根据吸收线的深度定出磁流管内电子数密度与管的直径之积约为10~(21)cm~(-2).     

Abell星系团A514的射电研究

用4km Ooty综合孔径射电望远镜,来研究Abell星系团A514在326.5MHz上的射电结构。该文给出了A514星系团中四个射电星系(射电源)的射电图,并作了初步分析,得出射电星系的某些结构特性及其物理参数。     

Interactions of radio galaxies and the intracluster medium in Abell 160 and Abell 2462

We present Chandra and Very Large Array observations of two galaxy clusters, Abell 160 and Abell 2462, whose brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) host wide angle tailed radio galaxies (WATs). We search for evidence of interactions between the radio emission and the hot, X-ray emitting gas, and we test various jet termination models. We find that both clusters have cool BCGs at the cluster centre, and that the scale of these cores (∼30–40 kpc for both sources) is of approximately the same scale as the length of the radio jets. For both sources, the jet flaring point is coincident with a steepening in the host cluster's temperature gradient, and similar results are found for 3C 465 and Hydra A. However, none of the published models of WAT formation offers a satisfactory explanation as to why this may be the case. Therefore, it is unclear what causes the sudden transition between the jet and the plume. Without accurate modelling, we cannot ascertain whether the steepening of the temperature gradient is the main cause of the transition, or merely a tracer of an underlying process.     

The Early X-ray Afterglows of Optically Bright and Dark Gamma-Ray Bursts

A systematic study on the early X-ray afterglows of both optically bright and dark gamma-ray bursts (B-GRBs and D-GRBs) observed by Swift is presented. Our sample includes 25 GRBs of which 13 are B-GRBs and 12 are D-GRBs. Our results show that the distributions of the X-ray afterglow fluxes (Fx), the gamma-ray fluxes (5r), and the ratio (Rr,x.) are similar for the two kinds of GRBs, that any observed differences should be simply statistical fluctuation. These results indicate that the progenitors of the two kinds of GRBs are of the same population with comparable total energies of explosion. The suppression of optical emission in the D-GRBs should result from circumburst but not from their central engine.     

Search For Correlations Between Batse Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae

We report on our statistical research of space–time correlated supernovae and CGRO-BATSE gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). There exists a significantly higher abundance of core-collapse supernovae among the correlated supernovae, but the subset of all correlated objects does not seem to be physically different from the whole set.     

A Restriction on the Duration and Peak Energy of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Two dimensional distributions of T90 versus Epeak(or Ebreak)for three bright GRB samples have been investigated.The result shows that although both T90 and Epeak(or Ebreak) each span over a wide range,they are restricted to the region log(T90)≤－log(Epeak) 5.24.This cannot be explained by the current fireball model.It may represent a constraint on the fireball model.     

Statistical Properties of the Highest Pulses in Gamma-Ray Bursts

We study the statistical properties of the highest pulses within individual gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). A wavelet package analysis technique and a developed pulse-finding algorithm have been applied to identify the highest pulses from burst profiles observed by BATSE on board CGRO from 1991 April 21 to 1999 January 26. The statistical light curves of the highest pulses in four energy channels have been derived by an aligning method, which illustrate the temporal evolution of the pulse emission. Our result that narrower pulses go with higher energies is consistent with previous findings. By normalizing both the pulse durations and counts to unity, “characteristic” profiles of the highest pulses in the four channels are also derived. The four characteristic profiles are turned out to be almost the same, thus strongly support the previous conclusion that the temporal profiles in different energy channels are self-similar and the previous conjecture on GRB pulses, implying that the emission process is similar at different energies. The cosmological time dilation effect is examined by investigating the relationship between the pulse flux and pulse duration. An anti-correlation between the two was found, which agrees with the expectation of the cosmological time dilation effect. Also, the evolution of the pulse duration with the observational epoch is studied. The result shows that the pulse duration tends to be shorter in later epochs. This trend cannot be explained by the present theoretical models, and may represent a great challenge to current theories.     

γ射线暴的时变分析

γ射线暴是天空中突然的硬X射线/γ射线爆发现象,有着非常复杂的光变曲线。由于光变现象和辐射过程直接相关,因此,研究γ射线暴的时变规律是非常重要的。对γ射线暴的一些时变现象以及通过时变研究得出的分类、脉冲形状、功率谱、时间演化、光度等性质进行了总结,并对一些结果进行了讨论。     

The Master Mobile Astronomical System. Optical Observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts

The operating principles of the telescope-robot system MASTER (Mobile Astronomical System of Telescopes-Robots, http://observ.pereplet.ru), designed to search for fast transient phenomena in the optical range, are described. The robot-telescope includes the following: a Richter-Slefogt telescope with D=355 mm, F/D=2.4, a Richter-Slefogt telescope with D=200 mm, F/D=2.4, a Flugge telescope with D=280 mm, F/D=2.5, a TV camera with a field of 20x40 degrees, and three CCD cameras. A German mount with a slew rate of 8 deg/s is used. MASTER obtains images down to 19^m in a field of 6 square degrees in a 1.5 minute exposure. We present some observations of the optical afterglow of cosmic gamma-ray bursts. MASTER was the first system in Europe to record optical emission from GRB030329.__________Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 463–475 (August 2005).     

Hα photometry of Abell 2390

We present the results of a search for strong H α emission line galaxies (rest frame equivalent widths greater than 50 Å) in the z ≈0.23 cluster Abell 2390. The survey contains 1189 galaxies over 270 arcmin², and is 50 per cent complete at M _r ≈−17.5+5 log  h . The fraction of galaxies in which H α is detected at the 2 σ level rises from 0.0 in the central regions (excluding the cD galaxy) to 12.5±8 per cent at R ₂₀₀. For 165 of the galaxies in our catalogue, we compare the H α equivalent widths with their [O  ii ] λ 3727 equivalent widths, from the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology (CNOC1) spectra. The fraction of strong H α emission line galaxies is consistent with the fraction of strong [O  ii ] emission galaxies in the CNOC1 sample: only 2±1 per cent have no detectable [O  ii ] emission and yet significant (>2 σ ) H α equivalent widths. Dust obscuration, non-thermal ionization, and aperture effects are all likely to contribute to this non-correspondence of emission lines. We identify six spectroscopically 'secure' k+a galaxies [ W ₀(O  ii )<5 Å and W ₀(H δ )≳5 Å]; at least two of these show strong signs in H α of star formation in regions that are covered by the slit from which the spectra were obtained. Thus, some fraction of galaxies classified as k+a based on spectra shortward of 6000 Å are likely to be undergoing significant star formation. These results are consistent with a 'strangulation' model for cluster galaxy evolution, in which star formation in cluster galaxies is gradually decreased, and is neither enhanced nor abruptly terminated by the cluster environment.     

伽玛射线暴及其余辉研究进展

伽玛射线暴是一种来自宇宙空间随机方向的短时间内伽玛射线突然增亮的现象。伽玛射线暴虽然早在1967年就由Vela卫星观测到,但直到1997年人们才通过余辉观测确定其寄主星系,并通过寄主星系的红移最终确定了伽玛射线暴的宇宙学起源。对伽玛射线暴研究概况进行了评述:详细介绍了伽玛射线暴及其余辉的观测进展,特别是近期Swift卫星和Fermi卫星带来的新发现;系统描述了伽玛射线暴标准火球模型、伽玛射线暴余辉物理(相对论性外流与暴周环境介质的相互作用过程、辐射产生机制等)及伽玛射线暴的前身星等。也对伽玛射线暴的未来研究进行了展望。