西藏安多早侏罗世火山岩岩石成因及对班公湖-怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减的制约

拉萨地块广泛分布着中生代的岩浆活动,研究它们对于认识特提斯洋的演化过程有着重要的启示。本文报道安多地区新识别出的早侏罗世岛弧型火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石原位Hf同位素、全岩主微量元素分析和Sr-Nd同位素结果。英安岩206Pb/238U年龄为180.7±4.7Ma(MSWD=0.22,n=10),指示其形成时代为早侏罗世。这些火山岩的SiO_2含量为62.50%~76.15%,MgO含量为0.33%~3.05%,Fe_2O_3T含量为2.35%~6.69%;所有样品都显示轻稀土元素相对富集,具有铕的弱负异常,具有富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素的地球化学特征;同时这些火山岩锆石原位εHf(t)值均为正值(+15.1~+17.1);全岩Sr-Nd同位素εNd(t)值也均为正值(+7.1~+13.2),指示这些火山岩很可能是特提斯洋俯冲消减过程中新生下地壳部分熔融的产物。结合区域地质资料,认为安多火山岩不可能是龙木错-双湖古特提斯洋或雅鲁藏布江新特提斯洋俯冲消减的产物,而是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋俯冲消减的产物,区域上很可能与改则北、日土地区的侏罗纪侵入岩一起构成了班公湖-怒江特提斯洋北侧的岩浆弧带。由此本文认为安多早侏罗世岛弧型火山岩是班公湖-怒江特提斯洋北向俯冲消减的产物,从而为班公湖-怒江特提斯洋的俯冲消减过程提供了直接的火山岩证据。     

班公湖-怒江带、羌塘地块特提斯演化与成矿地质背景

早古生代—泥盆纪,研究区沉积环境以陆棚碎屑岩相和碳酸盐台地相为主,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘和特提斯南侧的被动大陆边缘。石炭纪—二叠纪,本区进入特提斯南、北缘弧盆系统演化阶段,龙木错-双湖带北部、金沙江带南部和冈底斯带分别在石炭纪、二叠纪形成岩浆弧。中生代是特提斯南缘弧盆演化阶段,SSZ型蛇绿岩形成岩浆熔离型铬、镍、铂族金属矿床和热液型金矿。班公湖-怒江带特提斯在中侏罗世至早白垩世向南、北两侧俯冲并形成岩浆弧,该岩浆弧是重要的成矿带,形成斑岩铜矿、矽卡岩型磁铁矿和热液型多金属矿床。北羌塘东段侏罗纪弧后前陆盆地有利于形成沉积型、沉积-热液改造型和热液型铁、铜、锑、金矿床。晚白垩世碰撞作用主要与热液型矿床有关,分布范围较大,也可能存在晚白垩世至新生代碰撞阶段的斑岩铜矿。     

班公湖-怒江洋打开时间的地层古生物约束

西藏班公湖-怒江洋的打开时间是争议性较大的科学问题。班公湖-怒江洋两侧的拉萨地块和南羌塘地块的古生物地理和地层层序的对比可以约束班公湖-怒江洋的形成时间。从地层层序上来看,拉萨地块在晚古生代大冰期结束之后是一由碎屑岩到碳酸盐转变的稳定地层序列;而南羌塘地块从早二叠世晚期开始东西向存在较大的相变,西部下二叠统吞龙共巴组之上存在间断面,不整合于上二叠统吉普日阿群之下;而东部下二叠统到中二叠统都是玄武岩和灰岩组成的鲁谷组。古生物地理上,南羌塘地块晚二叠世含有典型暖水的类Palaeofusulina动物群,与拉萨地块形成显著差别;南羌塘地块中二叠世主要的Eopolydiexodina类动物群也与拉萨地块的Nankinella-Chusenella类动物群产生明显差异;再者,南羌塘地块早二叠世晚期的类、珊瑚类和腕足类都呈现明显暖水的特征,但这些动物群在拉萨至今未有报道。综合南羌塘和拉萨地块地层层序、古生物地理特征上的差异,班公湖-怒江洋至少从中二叠世(～269Ma)就已经形成一定的规模。因此,班公湖-怒江洋在中二叠世以前和冰期结束之后的时间段内打开。     

班公湖-怒江带、羌塘地块特提斯演化 与成矿地质背景

早古生代—泥盆纪,研究区沉积环境以陆棚碎屑岩相和碳酸盐台地相为主,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘和特提斯南侧的被动大陆边缘。石炭纪—二叠纪,本区进入特提斯南、北缘弧盆系统演化阶段,龙木错-双湖带北部、金沙江带南部和冈底斯带分别在石炭纪、二叠纪形成岩浆弧。中生代是特提斯南缘弧盆演化阶段,SSZ型蛇绿岩形成岩浆熔离型铬、镍、铂族金属矿床和热液型金矿。班公湖-怒江带特提斯在中侏罗世至早白垩世向南、北两侧俯冲并形成岩浆弧,该岩浆弧是重要的成矿带,形成斑岩铜矿、矽卡岩型磁铁矿和热液型多金属矿床。北羌塘东段侏罗纪弧后前陆盆地有利于形成沉积型、沉积-热液改造型和热液型铁、铜、锑、金矿床。晚白垩世碰撞作用主要与热液型矿床有关,分布范围较大,也可能存在晚白垩世至新生代碰撞阶段的斑岩铜矿。     

班公湖-怒江带、羌塘地块特提斯演化与成矿地质背景

早古生代—泥盆纪,研究区沉积环境以陆棚碎屑岩相和碳酸盐台地相为主,代表冈瓦纳大陆北缘和特提斯南侧的被动大陆边缘。石炭纪—二叠纪,本区进入特提斯南、北缘弧盆系统演化阶段,龙木错-双湖带北部、金沙江带南部和冈底斯带分别在石炭纪、二叠纪形成岩浆弧。中生代是特提斯南缘弧盆演化阶段,SSZ型蛇绿岩形成岩浆熔离型铬、镍、铂族金属矿床和热液型金矿。班公湖-怒江带特提斯在中侏罗世至早白垩世向南、北两侧俯冲并形成岩浆弧,该岩浆弧是重要的成矿带,形成斑岩铜矿、矽卡岩型磁铁矿和热液型多金属矿床。北羌塘东段侏罗纪弧后前陆盆地有利于形成沉积型、沉积-热液改造型和热液型铁、铜、锑、金矿床。晚白垩世碰撞作用主要与热液型矿床有关,分布范围较大,也可能存在晚白垩世至新生代碰撞阶段的斑岩铜矿。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带中段侏罗纪高镁安山质岩石对中特提斯洋演化的制约

班公湖-怒江缝合带中段地区南北向分布了三条分支蛇绿岩亚带,它们记录了该地区中特提斯洋复杂的构造演化过程。目前对于该地区洋盆俯冲消减动力学过程一直缺乏有效制约。为探讨这一问题,本文对班公湖-怒江缝合带中段新近厘定的安山岩和闪长岩开展了系统的野外、岩石地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究。安山岩主要呈不整合覆盖于晚三叠世沉积地层之上,或与侏罗纪俯冲增生杂岩和橄榄岩以断层接触,闪长岩主要呈岩脉体侵入于橄榄岩中。锆石U-Pb定年表明,安山岩和闪长岩均形成于中晚侏罗世(165～161Ma)。安山岩和闪长岩地球化学组成类似,它们大都具有高的MgO含量和Mg#值,这与高镁安山岩相类似。稀土和微量元素组成显示出典型的岛弧岩浆岩特征,富集轻稀土(LREE)和Rb、Th、U、Pb等元素,亏损Ba和高场强元素(HFSE; Nb,Ta和Ti)。同时,样品还显示出较低的Ba/Th和较高的(La/Sm)N比值,以及负的锆石εHf(t)值和古老的锆石Hf模式年龄。这些特征表明这些高镁安山岩和闪长岩是大洋板片俯冲沉积物部分熔融的熔体交代地幔楔的产物。结合区域地质和前人研究,认为这些岩石可能形成于靠近海沟的大陆边缘环境,是班公湖-怒江中特提斯洋中段北拉-拉弄分支洋盆初始俯冲消减的产物,该初始俯冲作用可能与安多微陆块和南羌塘地块碰撞导致的俯冲南向跃迁有关。     

班公湖-怒江结合带东段早石炭世洋壳残片及其古特提斯意义

班公湖-怒江结合带东段是破译班公湖-怒江特提斯洋早期演化的重要窗口。在对八宿县怒江大桥-邦达地区嘉玉桥岩群详细野外观察基础上,对赋存其中的玄武岩岩块及其围岩进行了锆石U-Pb定年,并对玄武岩进行了全岩地球化学研究。嘉玉桥岩群具有构造混杂岩的特征,基质主要为板岩、千枚状板岩、薄层状结晶灰岩,岩块主要为玄武岩、结晶灰岩、大理岩。玄武岩岩块锆石的外部形态、内部结构及均一的年龄结果显示其为基性岩浆结晶锆石。基性锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄的加权平均值为338±2Ma,代表玄武岩形成时代。玄武岩的围岩中碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄范围为3157~500Ma,最年轻一组年龄为513~500Ma,限定其原始沉积时代不早于该年龄范围。玄武岩轻稀土元素亏损,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf无异常,ε_Nd（t）值为+7.4~+8.5,这些地球化学特征与N-MORB型玄武岩一致。受海水蚀变影响,Rb、Ba、U、Sr元素和⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr（i）同位素有不同程度的富集。玄武岩岩块是由亏损地幔中尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩部分熔融形成,代表洋壳残片。八宿县怒江大桥-邦达地区嘉玉桥岩群是一套俯冲增生杂岩,其基质岩石和岩块主要形成于早石炭世,构造就位时间有待进一步限定。班公湖-怒江结合带存在较多前侏罗纪的化石和同位素年龄信息,本研究揭示班公湖-怒江洋在338±2Ma已经具有成熟的洋壳,指示班公湖-怒江特提斯洋打开时间应早于早石炭世（338±2Ma）。

     

班公湖-怒江结合带西段中特提斯多岛弧构造演化

本文根据1∶25万地质填图成果,将班公湖-怒江结合带西段弧-盆系时空结构自北向南划分为五峰尖-拉热拉新晚侏罗世—早白垩世陆缘火山-岩浆弧带、班公湖蛇绿混杂岩北、南亚带和昂龙岗日-班戈白垩纪—始新世岩浆弧带等,初步认为中特提斯洋经历了三叠纪—早侏罗世扩张,中—晚侏罗世往北、南双向俯冲,晚三叠世—早白垩世残余洋(海)盆和早—晚白垩世陆-弧(陆)碰撞等演化阶段。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带白垩系沉积特征及其构造意义

班公湖—怒江位于西藏中部 ,西起班公湖日土 (33.5°N ,79°E) ,向东经由措勤、尼玛、那曲至东部怒江带 ,走向近东西、其中部大致平行于北纬 32°线 ,延长大于 15 0 0km。该带蛇绿岩发育 ,是中生代板块缝合线 ,是南部拉萨地块与北部羌塘地块的分界线。其中段班戈地区白垩系地层发育 ,包括下白垩统底部川巴组 (K1c)、多巴组 (K1d)、郎山组 (K1l)和上白垩统江巴组 (K2 j)。川巴组为浅海相黑色页岩、泥岩、粉砂岩、砂岩、煤层和火山岩 ;多巴组为含有海侵夹层的陆相碎屑岩建造 ,海侵层为含园笠虫 (Orbitolinasp .)钙质砂岩 ;郎山组为浅海相—泻湖相台地型碳酸盐岩沉积 ;江巴组以陆相、厚层块状的砂砾岩红层为特征。本区白垩系层序的总体特征 ,是以海相火山岩—细碎屑岩为先导、经海陆过渡相碎屑岩和海相碳酸盐岩到陆相红层 ,形成于与B型俯冲作用有关的活动大陆边缘构造背景.     

东阿尔卑斯原-古特提斯构造演化

新生代阿尔卑斯是非洲和欧洲之间的陆陆碰撞造山带。强烈的造山作用使大量前中生代基底出露地表,尽管这些基底被强烈逆冲推覆和走滑叠置,但是仍保留较丰富的前中生代基底演化信息。结合近几年对东阿尔卑斯原-古特提斯的研究,本文梳理和重建了阿尔卑斯前中生代基底的构造格局,认为前阿尔卑斯基底受原特提斯、南华力西洋、古特提斯洋构造体系影响而经历了多期造山过程。新元古代-早古生代的原阿尔卑斯作为环冈瓦纳地块群的组成部分,受原特提斯洋俯冲的制约,是新元古-早古生代环冈瓦纳活动陆缘的组成部分,其中,海尔微-彭尼内基底组成外缘增生系统,包括卡多米期地壳碎片在内的陆缘弧/岛弧以及大量增生楔组成内缘增生系统。早奥陶世瑞亚克洋打开,随后原阿尔卑斯从冈瓦纳陆缘裂离,在泥盆纪-石炭纪受南华力西洋控制,海尔微-彭尼内-中、下奥地利阿尔卑斯从冈瓦纳分离。在早石炭世(维宪期)南阿尔卑斯(或与之相当的冈瓦纳源地块)与北部阿莫里卡地块群拼贴增生于古欧洲大陆南缘,共同组成华力西造山带(广义),华力西期缝合带保留在绍山-科尔山南侧。晚石炭世-早二叠世,阿尔卑斯受古特提斯洋的俯冲影响,在华力西造山带南侧形成安第斯山型活动大陆边缘,古特提斯洋在阿尔卑斯的演化至少持续到早三叠世,消亡遗迹保留在中奥地利阿尔卑斯基底的Plankogel杂岩中。     

班公湖-怒江缝合带西段拉果错蛇绿岩中斜长岩成因及其对中特提斯洋演化的制约

拉果错蛇绿岩位于青藏高原北部的改则地区,是狮泉河-永珠带内保存最好、岩石组合最完整的蛇绿岩之一。为进一步约束拉果错蛇绿岩成因及其构造属性,对其中斜长岩开展了详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。结果显示,斜长岩主要呈不规则脉体或透镜体侵入到辉长岩中,锆石U-Pb定年结果表明斜长岩形成于162 Ma,略晚于蛇绿岩中基性岩形成时代。这些锆石均具有明显正的εHf（t）值（+15.8~+19.7）,暗示其岩浆源自亏损的地幔源区。斜长岩具有明显低SiO2、TiO2和高CaO的特征,具有与正常型大洋中脊玄武岩（N-MORB）类似的稀土元素配分形式和低的微量元素含量,富集Rb、Ba、Th和Sr,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr等微量元素。此外,斜长岩显示出高的Nb/La值和低的Th/Nb、Ba/Nb值,暗示其源自富集地幔源区高程度的部分熔融,形成过程还受到俯冲组分的影响。综合上述特征,推测拉果错斜长岩是地幔柱影响下再富集的亏损地幔源区高程度部分熔融的产物。俯冲过程中,再富集地幔源区（地幔楔）产生的原始岩浆快速上涌过程,并伴随着富Mg-Fe矿物的结晶分异,残余富Ca、Al岩浆。残余岩浆侵入到俯冲带上盘洋壳中（辉长岩）,由于快速减压而形成斜长岩。结合区域研究成果,表明拉果错蛇绿岩形成于与早侏罗世—晚侏罗世早期俯冲相关的构造背景。     

西藏蓬错地区高镁流纹质岩石的发现及对班公湖-怒江洋演化的指示意义

本文首次报告了班公湖-怒江结合带内蓬错地区接奴群火山岩夹层中具有富硅(70. 5%～75. 2%)、高镁(2. 4%～3. 5%)和高Mg~#(69. 4～75. 7)等特殊地球化学特征的流纹质岩石(流纹英安岩、流纹岩),并对该岩石进行镜下鉴定、造岩矿物电子探针分析、锆石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素分析及全岩地球化学测试。岩相学观察发现,在斑晶和基质中均可见一定量的黑云母以及少量白云母。电子探针分析结果揭示该套高镁质岩石镁质成分主要由黑云母(MgO=9. 2%～20. 0%)贡献;白云母也具有富镁(MgO=1. 4%～4. 0%)的特征,因含量较少故贡献较弱。岩石具典型的弧火山岩特征,富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HSFE),并具明显的Sr、Eu负异常。2件锆石U-Pb年龄结果(161. 5±0. 5Ma、163. 3±1. 7Ma)指示其为中-晚侏罗世火山活动的产物,与前人报道该地区高镁安山岩年龄一致,且具一致的ε_(Hf)(t)值和地球化学特征,指示与高镁安山岩具有成因联系。研究结果表明蓬错高镁质流纹岩是由俯冲洋壳沉积物熔体与地幔组分发生交代作用经由角闪石等矿物相的结晶分异形成的酸性岩浆,并水下喷发的产物;结合地球化学特征,指示其形成于与洋壳俯冲相关的活动大陆边缘弧环境。因研究区地处班公湖-怒江结合带内部,夹持于南羌塘和北拉萨地块之间;且研究区出露老地层(二叠纪之前),南北两侧均有蛇绿岩展布,故提出蓬错高镁流纹质火山岩可能形成于班公湖怒江洋内部小洋盆洋壳俯冲至微陆块之下的构造地质背景。蓬错流纹质岩石为首次报道的具有高镁、富硅特征的流纹质岩石,这种特殊岩石的发现不仅完善高镁岩石家族体系(高镁玄武岩、高镁安山岩、高镁英安岩和高镁流纹岩),同时也为研究班怒洋演化提供详实的证据。     

Early Triassic Volcanic Rocks in the Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone: Implications for the Opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean

In this study, zircon U-Pb dating of volcanic rocks from the Zhongba ophiolite of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone (YZSZ) in southern Xizang (Tibet) yielded an age of 247 ± 3 Ma. According to whole rock geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data, the Early Triassic samples could be divided into two groups: Group 1 with P-MORB affinity, showing initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70253–0.70602, εNd(t) values of 4.2–5.3, (206Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 16.353–18.222, (207Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 15.454–15.564, and (208Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 35.665–38.136; Group 2 with OIB affinity, showing initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70249–0.70513, εNd(t) values of 4.4–4.9, (206Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 17.140–18.328, (207Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 15.491–15.575, and (208Pb/204Pb)t ratios of 36.051–38.247. Group 2 rocks formed by partial melting of the mantle source enriched by a former plume, and assimilated continental crustal material during melt ascension. The formation of Group 1 rocks corresponds to the mixing of OIB melts, with the same components as Group 2 and N-MORBs. The Zhongba Early Triassic rocks belong to the continental margin type ophiolite and formed in the continental–oceanic transition zone during the initial opening of the Neo-Tethys in southern Xizang (Tibet).     

Petrology,geochemistry and geochronology of the Zhongcang ophiolite,northern Tibet: implications for the evolution of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean

Ophiolites are widespread along the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, northern Tibet. However, it is still debated on the formation ages and tectonic evolution process of these ophiolites. The Zhongcang ophiolite is a typical ophiolite in the western part of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone. It is composed of serpentinized peridotite, cumulate and isotropic gabbros, massive and pillow basalts, basaltic volcanic breccia, and minor red chert. Zircon SHRIMP Ue Pb dating for the isotropic gabbro yielded weighted mean age of 163.4 ± 1.8 Ma. Positive zircon ε Hf(t) values(+15.0 to +20.2) and mantle-like σ~(18)O values(5.29 ±0.21)% indicate that the isotropic gabbros were derived from a long-term depleted mantle source. The isotropic gabbros have normal mid-ocean ridge basalt(N-MORB) like immobile element patterns with high Mg O, low TiO_2 and moderate rare earth element(REE) abundances, and negative Nb,Ti, Zr and Hf anomalies. Basalts show typical oceanic island basalt(OIB) geochemical features, and they are similar to those of OIB-type rocks of the Early Cretaceous Zhongcang oceanic plateau within the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean. Together with these data, we suggest that the Zhongcang ophiolite was probably formed by the subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean during the Middle Jurassic. The subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean could begin in the Earlye Middle Jurassic and continue to the Early Cretaceous, and finally continental collision between the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes at the west Bangong-Nujiang suture zone probably has taken place later than the Early Cretaceous(ca. 110 Ma).     

Nature and evolution of the Neo-Tethys in central Tibet: synthesis of ophiolitic petrology,geochemistry, and geochronology

In this paper, we summarize results of studies on ophiolitic mélanges of the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone (BNSZ) and the Shiquanhe–Yongzhu–Jiali ophiolitic mélange belt (SYJMB) in central Tibet, and use these insights to constrain the nature and evolution of the Neo-Tethys oceanic basin in this region. The BNSZ is characterized by late Permian–Early Cretaceous ophiolitic fragments associated with thick sequences of Middle Triassic–Middle Jurassic flysch sediments. The BNSZ peridotites are similar to residual mantle related to mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORBs) where the mantle was subsequently modified by interactions with the melt. The mafic rocks exhibit the mixing of various components, and the end-members range from MORB-types to island-arc tholeiites and ocean island basalts. The BNSZ ophiolites probably represent the main oceanic basin of the Neo-Tethys in central Tibet. The SYJMB ophiolitic sequences date from the Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous, and they are dismembered and in fault contact with pre-Ordovician, Permian, and Jurassic–Early Cretaceous blocks. Geochemical and stratigraphic data are consistent with an origin in a short-lived intra-oceanic back-arc basin. The Neo-Tethys Ocean in central Tibet opened in the late Permian and widened during the Triassic. Southwards subduction started in the Late Triassic in the east and propagated westwards during the Jurassic. A short-lived back-arc basin developed in the middle and western parts of the oceanic basin from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. After the late Early Jurassic, the middle and western parts of the oceanic basin were subducted beneath the Southern Qiangtang terrane, separating the Nierong microcontinent from the Southern Qiangtang terrane. The closing of the Neo-Tethys Basin began in the east during the Early Jurassic and ended in the west during the early Late Cretaceous.     

西藏班戈北部早白垩世火山岩：班公湖—怒江洋闭合的岩浆记录

对班戈县北部马前乡地区的早白垩世安山岩和英安岩进行了详细的地质填图及岩石学、年代学、地球化学和Hf同位素研究。锆石U-Pb定年获得安山岩年龄分别为（108.0±1.5）Ma和（113.6±0.9）Ma;英安岩年龄为（106.7±1.9）Ma和（113.6±0.8）Ma。安山岩富集Th和U,亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,具有变化范围较大的Mg^#值（25~63）,锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-8.6~+1.5）以负值为主,应当为幔源镁铁质熔体与壳源熔体的混合产物。英安岩具有与安山岩类似的微量元素成分特征及负的锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-12.3~-8.1）,应当是地壳部分熔融的产物。结合前人研究成果认为,这些早白垩世岩浆岩是约110 Ma沿班公湖-怒江缝合带岩浆大爆发的产物,可能与班公湖-怒江洋闭合之后的拉萨与羌塘地块陆-陆碰撞有关。     

An Important Spreading Event of the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP Dating on Diabase in Nagarze, Southern Tibet

Widely distributed in Gyangze-Chigu area, southern Tibet, NW- and nearly E-W-trending diabase(gabbro)-gabbro diorite dykes are regarded as the product of the large-scale spreading of the late Neo-Tethys Ocean. In order to constrain the emplacement age of these dykes, zircons of two samples from diabases in Nagarze were dated by using the U-Pb SHRIMP method. Two nearly the same weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages were obtained in this paper, which are 134.9±1.8 Ma (MSWD= 0.65) and 135.5±2.1 Ma (MSWD=1.40), respectively. They not only represent the crystallization age of the diabase, but also documented an important spreading event of the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous. This dating result is of great significance to reconstruct the temporal framework of the late Neo-Tethys Ocean in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带西段特提斯洋晚二叠世(Ca.252Ma)洋内俯冲的地球化学和年代学证据

多龙蛇绿混杂岩是班公湖-怒江蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分,位于西藏阿里地区改则县北西约120 km的多龙矿集区内,大地构造位置处于班公湖-怒江缝合带中西段,南羌塘板块南缘。多龙蛇绿混杂岩主要分布在多龙矿区中部及东北部。矿区中部蛇绿岩主要由辉长岩、辉绿(玢)岩、枕状玄武岩、气孔杏仁状玄武岩、玄武质岩屑凝灰岩及硅质岩等组成,东西向延伸约35 km,南北宽3~7 km,出露面积约180 km2;该蛇绿岩残片的组成单元(包括基性岩单元以及硅质岩单元等)多被构造肢解,整体表现为不规则透镜体,以构造岩片的形式断续分布于侏罗系次深海陆棚-盆地斜坡复陆碎屑岩-类复理石建造内的断层带中,构成典型的网结状构造。矿区东北部蛇绿岩主要由含铁斜方辉石橄榄蛇纹岩、玻基玄武岩、碳酸盐化角闪辉长岩、微纹层状硅质岩等组成,该蛇绿混杂岩带沿北西-南东向断裂展布,延伸约12 km,宽1~3 km,出露面积约30 km2;该蛇绿岩残片组成单元(包括超基性岩单元、基性岩单元以及硅质岩单元等)均呈构造岩片的形式产出在三叠系灰岩地层内的断层带中。