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1.
介绍了利用AQUA卫星高光谱AIRS资料对FY-1C、FY-1D气象卫星热红外通道进行交叉定标的方法及定标结果。首先利用卫星轨道预报软件预报出AQUA与FY-1C以及AQUA与FY-1D卫星交叉点,再对交叉区域卫星资料进行像元投影和像元匹配,像元匹配包括时间、观测角度、环境均匀性等检验。以AIRS探测结果作为辐射基准,利用其观测值和FY-1卫星热红外通道光谱响应函数进行光谱匹配,最终得到FY-1卫星热红外通道的准真值并与FY-1卫星的业务产品进行比较分析。对FY-1C、FY-1D两年多卫星资料进行多次交叉比对,结果表明FY-1C通道4比AIRS观测亮温低1.3K左右,通道5低3.6K左右;而FY-1D通道4比AIRS观测亮温低0.3K左右,通道5低3.6K左右。这个准真值与FY-1观测的计数值进行再定标得到新的定标系数。 相似文献
2.
FY-2B由于杂散光的影响,其可见光通道的发射前定标存在较大误差。利用敦煌戈壁滩辐射校正场可进行FY-2B可见光通道的在轨绝对定标。由于FY-2B对于敦煌场区的卫星天顶角接近50°,需要进行场地的方向特性BRDF修正。2002年7月对FY-2B进行了场地地表反射率、大气消光、探空等项同步测量,并对场地的方向特性进行了测量。资料处理结果表明,FY-2B可见光通道杂散光可影响定标精度达20%。长期监视表明FY-2B可见光通道探测器输出十分稳定。该文将4个可见光通道探测器场地定标得出的定标查找表列出,供用户参考使用。 相似文献
3.
该文通过辐射传输模拟计算和匹配数据统计分析实现了FY-2A和GMS-5红外通道间的辐射定标.以辐射定标为基础将FY-2A红外通道和GMS-5红外A通道的遥感资料融合应用, 可以得到时间分辨率更高、空间视野更为广阔的静止卫星遥感资料. 相似文献
4.
FY-1C遥感器可见近红外各通道在轨辐射定标 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
文中通过 1999年 7月利用敦煌辐射定标场和反射率基法对FY -1C气象卫星遥感器可见 -近红外通道进行的第一次在轨辐射定标试验 ,研究和试验了卫星遥感器的在轨辐射定标方法、同步观测方法和辐射传输计算算法及其软件开发 ,有 7个通道的绝对辐射定标系数 (或称为增益和偏离量 )被获得。经过误差分析 ,认为本次定标的不确定度小于 7%。定标获得的 7个通道定标系数与该卫星发射前定标结果比较 ,其中 5个通道 (通道 1,2 ,7,8,10 )结果比较接近 ,另两个通道 (通道 6,9)由于发射前定标误差较大致使二者有一定差别。另外 ,通过 2 0 0 0年 9月份对FY -1C卫星进行的第二次辐射定标试验 ,使该卫星在轨 1a多来的运行状态得到了定量监测 ,本次定标与1999年 7月的定标结果比较 ,发现可见 -近红外各通道性能均有程度不同的衰减 ,尤其是通道 1,7,8性能衰减分别为 35% ,2 8% ,2 2 % ,而通道 2 ,6,9,10性能衰减较小 (为 10 %左右 )。 相似文献
5.
2013年9月发射的FY-3C是我国第2代极轨气象卫星的第3颗星,其上装载的微波湿温探测仪在118 GHz氧气吸收线和183 GHz水汽吸收线设计了两组大气探测通道,在大气窗区设置了89 GHz和150 GHz探测通道。为保证微波湿温探测仪在轨定量应用,卫星发射前完成了地面热真空试验。该文介绍了热真空定标试验原理,并对FY-3C微波湿温探测仪正样产品真空试验数据进行了定量分析。数据分析结果表明:FY-3C微波湿温探测仪正样产品15个探测通道的灵敏度均满足设计指标要求,各通道观测亮温间相对独立,定标准确度优于1.6 K,真空试验过程中微波湿温探测仪定标结果稳定。FY-3C微波湿温探测仪发射前热真空定标特性分析结果为仪器在轨定量应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
6.
采用基于光谱匹配的计算方法开展红外通道模拟仿真,该方法利用高光谱大气探测仪的实际观测数据来模拟气象卫星成像仪红外通道观测目标亮温.利用高光谱大气探测仪(IASI)的实际观测数据,进行了2010年2月14日12:57(UTC)、2010年2月15日00:57(UTC)、2010年5月2日12:57(UTC)MTSAT-1R卫星成像仪(JAMI)红外通道的模拟仿真.结果显示:JAMI 4个红外通道的模拟亮温与观测亮温偏差平均值的绝对值都小于1K,模拟亮温与观测亮温的相关系数都大于0.93,表明这种基于高光谱数据的方法可用于气象卫星成像仪红外通道的模拟仿真.进而利用IASI的观测数据进行了 2010年11月6个时刻FY-2E卫星成像仪(VISSR)红外通道的模拟仿真,并将通道模拟数据与GSICS定标的观测数据以及与业务定标的观测数据相比,结果表明:2010年11月期间,FY-2E卫星成像仪IR2、IR3、IR4通道的GSICS定标比业务定标有明显的改进. 相似文献
7.
以METOP-A、Suomi-NPP历史资料作为参照,系统分析比较了2008—2020年4颗风云三号卫星的微波温度计(Microwave Temperature Sounder,MWTS)再定标历史资料质量。结果表明,4颗卫星的MWTS探测性能稳步上升,再定标数据集有效消除了遥感仪器在轨期间数据异常跳变、寿命期内遥感仪器辐射响应衰变、不同卫星间的辐射定标差异等因素影响,大幅提升了MWTS历史数据集的准确性和均匀性,使得再定标后的对流层和平流层通道数据与国外同类型仪器数据偏差在±0.1 K范围内。本文还重点分析比较了对流层中高层和平流层低层两个探测通道,结果表明FY-3D MWTS再定标数据和美国NOAA卫星应用研究中心STAR长序列数据集针对中高层大气的表现类似,平均亮温在时间变化和空间分布具有相似的特征,月均全球高空亮温年变化趋势差异最大为0.002 4。因此,2020年之后的FY-3D再定标数据,可以接续STAR长序列数据集,用于中高层大气的温度变化检测与分析。 相似文献
8.
《气象科学进展》2021,(1)
Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)卫星是2016年12月11日发射的我国新一代对地静止气象卫星,它配备了先进的成像仪和测深仪,可提供高时空和光谱分辨率的探测信息,用于天气气候相关的监测、预警和预报。多通道扫描成像辐射计(AGRI)是FY-4A卫星平台挂载的关键辐射成像仪器,重点用于云观测,并利用高时间分辨率的特征进行天气过程追踪。AGRI的红外辐射通道具有全光路的星上红外定标系统,与FY-2上的红外可见自旋扫描辐射计(VISSR)相比,无论在定量标定、成像速度和空间分辨率方面均有了显著改善。FY-4A AGRI的在轨运行状态和星上辐射定标水平的精确评估,对红外通道产品应用具有重大意义。 相似文献
9.
为解决月球对风云三号卫星微波湿度计在轨实时辐射定标的影响问题,该文根据风云三号卫星微波湿度计在轨实时观测数据分析,通过多项式拟合分析技术,建立修正模型,消除月球影响,得到合理的辐射定标结果。风云三号卫星微波湿度计在轨实测数据分析表明:月球对风云三号卫星微波湿度计在轨辐射定标结果影响最严重时一天内可干扰4~5条轨道,每条轨道有近100个扫描周期受到污染。月球影响致使冷空定标观测数据跳升1000个计数值,如果不进行污染滤除会造成对地观测亮温下降约20 K,导致辐射资料无法同化进入数值天气预报模式。通过与同类载荷的交叉比对分析,修正月球影响后,风云三号卫星微波湿度计在轨实时辐射定标结果精度与在轨测试结果相当。 相似文献
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11.
Peng ZHANG Qifeng LU Xiuqing HU Songyan GU Lei YANG Min MIN Lin CHEN Na XU Ling Sun Wenguang BAI Gang MA Di XIAN 《大气科学进展》2019,36(9):1027-1045
In this paper,the latest progress,major achievements and future plans of Chinese meteorological satellites and the core data processing techniques are discussed.First,the latest three FengYun(FY)meteorological satellites(FY-2H,FY-3D,and FY-4A)and their primary objectives are introduced Second,the core image navigation techniques and accuracies of the FY meteorological satellites are elaborated,including the latest geostationary(FY-2/4)and polar-orbit(FY-3)satellites.Third,the radiometric calibration techniques and accuracies of reflective solar bands,thermal infrared bands,and passive microwave bands for FY meteorological satellites are discussed.It also illustrates the latest progress of real-time calibration with the onboard calibration system and validation with different methods,including the vicarious China radiance calibration site calibration,pseudo invariant calibration site calibration,deep convective clouds calibration,and lunar calibration.Fourth,recent progress of meteorological satellite data assimilation applications and quantitative science produce are summarized at length.The main progress is in meteorological satellite data assimilation by using microwave and hyper-spectral infrared sensors in global and regional numerical weather prediction models.Lastly,the latest progress in radiative transfer,absorption and scattering calculations for satellite remote sensing is summarized,and some important research using a new radiative transfer model are illustrated. 相似文献
12.
首先阐述了美国、欧洲气象卫星组织(EUMETSAT)、日本静止气象卫星的发展历史,从自旋稳定到三轴稳定,从单一载荷到多载荷并行工作,新一代的静止气象卫星的时间、空间和光谱分辨率都大幅提高,然后重点介绍了我国静止气象卫星风云二号和风云四号,相比于自旋稳定的风云二号气象卫星,风云四号卫星的功能和性能实现了跨越式的发展,接着简单介绍了俄罗斯、印度和韩国等其他国家静止气象卫星的发展状况,最后总结了不同时期各国静止气象卫星的发展特点,这对我国后续静止气象卫星的规划和研制有重要参考意义。 相似文献
13.
The high observation efficiency, scanning speed and observation frequency of the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A) satellite indicates the progress of Chinese geostationary meteorological satellites. The characteristics of FY-4A atmospheric motion vectors(AMVs) derived from the high-level water vapor(WV-High) channel, mid-level water vapor(WV-Mid) channel,and infrared(IR) channel of FY-4A are analyzed, and their corresponding observation errors estimated. Then, the impacts of single-channel and multi-channel FY... 相似文献
14.
风云二号静止气象卫星在获取图像时, 必须使扫描辐射计的观域对准地球。卫星在轨道上受到各种摄动力的作用, 使轨道和姿态改变, 扫描辐射计的地球观域随之发生变化。卫星扫描辐射计对地球观域的偏差会影响图像定位的精度, 因此对准观域的工作是日常业务工作的一部分, 不仅在卫星定点之初启动观测时, 而且在业务运行的过程中, 都需要通过地面遥控指令进行修正。该文提出了一种风云二号静止气象卫星扫描辐射计地球观域修正量和调整方向的算法, 以替代人工目测卫星原始云图进行的卫星观域调整控制决策。这种算法的实施可以提高风云二号气象卫星云图获取作业的可靠性。 相似文献
15.
This study introduces some innovations in the data processing algorithm for Chinese FY meteorological satellites. Issues about satellite image navigation, radiation calibration, and data assimilation are discussed.
A time series of the earth's disk center-line count provides information on the orientation of the satellite spin axis. With this information, the altitude parameters of the satellite and then the earth disk location in the south-north direction may be solved. In each spin cycle, the satellite views the sun and the earth. Given the satellite position and altitude, the angle (β) subtended at the satellite by the sun and the earth can be calculated and predicted. Thus, the earth's disk location in the east-west direction is fixed. Based on this principle, we derived an automatic image navigation algorithm for FY2 geosynchronous meteorological satellites with an accuracy approaching pixel level.
The FY2 meteorological satellite traveling in a geostationary orbit suffers a large amount of radiation from the sun. The radiation varies on both diurnal and annual scales, which causes radiation responses in the thermal infrared (IR) bands wherein the wavelengths greater than 3.5 μm vibrate periodically on scales of hours to years. These vibrations must be precisely calibrated. First, based on the accurate estimation of the radiant contribution from the front-optics, the variation characteristics of the calibration parameters are obtained on a temporal scale of hours from the space-borne inner-blackbody (IBB) measurement results. Second, the in-orbit measured radiation of the lunar surface is referenced and utilized to correct the sys- tematic bias of the IBB calibration from daily to annual scales. By using such algorithms, we achieved a calibration accuracy of the FY2 satellite's IR imagery of less than 1 K.
The on-orbit satellite instrument parameters play an important role in data quality; however, they may be mis-measured due to limitations in the measurement conditions or may be 相似文献
A time series of the earth's disk center-line count provides information on the orientation of the satellite spin axis. With this information, the altitude parameters of the satellite and then the earth disk location in the south-north direction may be solved. In each spin cycle, the satellite views the sun and the earth. Given the satellite position and altitude, the angle (β) subtended at the satellite by the sun and the earth can be calculated and predicted. Thus, the earth's disk location in the east-west direction is fixed. Based on this principle, we derived an automatic image navigation algorithm for FY2 geosynchronous meteorological satellites with an accuracy approaching pixel level.
The FY2 meteorological satellite traveling in a geostationary orbit suffers a large amount of radiation from the sun. The radiation varies on both diurnal and annual scales, which causes radiation responses in the thermal infrared (IR) bands wherein the wavelengths greater than 3.5 μm vibrate periodically on scales of hours to years. These vibrations must be precisely calibrated. First, based on the accurate estimation of the radiant contribution from the front-optics, the variation characteristics of the calibration parameters are obtained on a temporal scale of hours from the space-borne inner-blackbody (IBB) measurement results. Second, the in-orbit measured radiation of the lunar surface is referenced and utilized to correct the sys- tematic bias of the IBB calibration from daily to annual scales. By using such algorithms, we achieved a calibration accuracy of the FY2 satellite's IR imagery of less than 1 K.
The on-orbit satellite instrument parameters play an important role in data quality; however, they may be mis-measured due to limitations in the measurement conditions or may be 相似文献
16.
风云四号气象卫星A星(FY-4A)是我国第2代静止气象卫星首发星,搭载的先进静止轨道辐射成像仪AGRI是迄今为止我国静止轨道最先进的辐射成像仪。海表温度产品是FY-4A/AGRI基础定量产品之一,采用非线性海表温度算法在业务系统实时反演得到。以现场实测海表温度数据为参考,选择观测时间为30 min、观测空间距离为4 km的时空匹配窗口,对FY-4A/AGRI海表温度产品进行质量检验,评估结果表明:质量为优的像元平均偏差为-0.45~-0.42℃,标准差为0.81~0.88℃,相关系数在0.985以上。以Himawari-8/AHI海表温度数据为参考,按观测时间为1 h、空间距离为4 km的时空匹配窗口,对FY-4A/AGRI海表温度进行质量检验,质量为优的像元平均偏差为-0.26~-0.07℃,标准差为0.68~0.82℃,两者相关系数在0.985以上,达到0.001显著性水平。 相似文献
17.
Following the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerical weather prediction models and earth system models, meteorological satellites will play a more important role in earth sciences in the future. As part of the space-based infrastructure, the Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites have contributed to earth science sustainability studies through an open data policy and stable data quality since the first launch of the FY-1A satellite in 1988. The capability of earth system monitoring was greatly enhanced after the second-generation polar orbiting FY-3 satellites and geostationary orbiting FY-4 satellites were developed. Meanwhile, the quality of the products generated from the FY-3 and FY-4 satellites is comparable to the well-known MODIS products. FY satellite data has been utilized broadly in weather forecasting, climate and climate change investigations, environmental disaster monitoring, etc. This article reviews the instruments mounted on the FY satellites. Sensor-dependent level 1 products (radiance data) and inversion algorithm-dependent level 2 products (geophysical parameters) are introduced. As an example, some typical geophysical parameters, such as wildfires, lightning, vegetation indices, aerosol products, soil moisture, and precipitation estimation have been demonstrated and validated by in-situ observations and other well-known satellite products. To help users access the FY products, a set of data sharing systems has been developed and operated. The newly developed data sharing system based on cloud technology has been illustrated to improve the efficiency of data delivery. 相似文献
18.
用FY-2C静止气象卫星资料计算射出长波辐射通量密度 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍用FY-2C静止气象卫星资料估算射出长波辐射(OLR)的方法,包括FY-2C OLR反演模式的建立、由FY-2C窗区通道1、窗区通道2、水汽通道遥测数据计算OLR的详细步骤;给出了FY-2C OLR产品的精度:与相近时刻的NOAA卫星OLR产品相对比,两颗星OLR产品的等值线图基本完全一致,图上绝大部分偏差0~10 W/m,最大偏差20 W/m;并给出了FY-2C OLR产品的实例及其初步应用。 相似文献
19.
FY-3系列卫星星载IRAS仪器设有26个通道,其中20个通道用于探测地球大气在红外波段的热辐射,通道辐射率代表了地球大气系统在大气顶的向外辐射光谱信息,与总波段的射出长波辐射(OLR)通量相关性高。该文基于逐线辐射传输模式计算软件LBLRTM对全球2521条大气廓线的大气顶射出辐射率模拟数据,计算了每条廓线的OLR和FY-3B/IRAS,FY-3C/IRAS通道辐射率,用统计回归方法建立了利用IRAS的多通道辐射率计算OLR的非线性理论回归模式;应用模式和FY-3B/IRAS,FY-3C/IRAS的L1级数据,处理得到2016年4月1-30日的全球日平均、月平均OLR格点产品。与Aqua/CERES,Terra/CERES仪器宽波段观测OLR产品对比表明:对于水平分辨率为1°×1°的全球月平均OLR格点产品,均方根误差为2.22 W·m-2,相关系数为0.9982 W·m-2,平均偏差为-0.2 W·m-2,表明FY-3/IRAS仪器定标及反演模式均达到较高水平。文中还回顾了历史上不同气象卫星的多种OLR反演算法模式,并对不同模式精度进行了比较。 相似文献
20.
本文对风云一号气象卫星资料接收处理系统予以说明,此系统由北京、广州、乌鲁木齐三个地面站和设于卫星气象中心的资料处理中心所组成,也能兼顾接收处理NOAA和GMS气象卫星的资料。 相似文献