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本文介绍了气象卫星资料在台风发生、发展、定位、估计强度、路径和降水预报研究中的应用。 实践表明,这种资料在日常台风分析和预报业务中非常重要,并且已经成为一种必不可少的资料。 相似文献
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简化VVP反演算法在台风风场反演中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
多普勒雷达资料的体积速度处理VVP(Volume Velocity Processing)风场反演方法可反演风场的3维结构,但由于算法的系数矩阵病态问题易导致反演风场产生误差。本文针对VVP算法中反演参数的性质,进行了简化算法的模拟检验和误差分析。选取量级最大的3个主要参量进行反演,引入随机的观测误差,通过改变模拟风速确定了反演算法的适用范围。对比结果发现,简化算法的反演结果对观测误差并不敏感,而且从低仰角到高仰角的均方根误差基本不变,当风速较大时,反演的精度会更准确。对0608"桑美"台风的风场反演表明,该算法较真实地反演出了台风中心及眼区外围的风场,并与Rankine台风模型相符。研究表明,简化VVP算法可清晰地揭示台风内部水平风场的3维结构,可以应用于台风等灾害性天气的风场反演与分析。 相似文献
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张鹏飞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2022,(10):227-229
建立物理模型模拟海底深度变化、海面风频变化对海面波浪的影响,运用Matlab神经网络模型工具箱对模拟数据进行训练,建立“水深—波浪”“风频—波浪”“风频+水深—波浪”的函数关系,并通过反演算法实现根据波浪、风频参数测算水深。通过实验室模拟测试及项目区实地测试可知,该方法测算精度可满足实际工作需要,且测量效率相对较高,并为后续工作提供信息化数据基础,应用效果相对较好。 相似文献
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台风灾害应急服务系统以满足台风灾害的应急服务需求为目的,由台风灾害数据库、台风灾情监测子系统、台风应急决策子系统和台风灾害信息发布子系统等组成,为政府及时做出抢险救灾的决策提供科学依据,避免或减轻台风灾害给人民生命财产安全造成的损失。 相似文献
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随着GNSS技术的快速发展以及变形监测的需求日益增加,GNSS在变形监测中的应用越来越广泛,更新了变形监测手段,弥补了单一系统的不足,提高了监测效率与精度,为变形体的稳定性监测与安全运营提供了保障。本文探讨了GNSS的变形监测方案及数据处理方式,并结合盐水沟隧道工程的实例详细说明了GNSS在变形监测中的应用,最终通过实例验证GNSS能满足变形监测的精度等要求。 相似文献
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The timing of seasonal snowmelt in high-latitude tundra has implications ranging from local biological productivity to global atmospheric circulation, yet remains difficult to quantify, particularly at large spatial scales. Snowmelt detection in such remote polar environments is possible using satellite-based microwave scatterometers, such as NASA’s QuikSCAT. QuikSCAT measured scattering in Ku-band, which is sensitive to snowmelt signals, from 1999 until the antenna failed in 2009. The Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) (2006–2021 (projected) operational), which operates at C-band, may be able to extend the QuikSCAT record, but existing techniques fail to adequately monitor tundra environments. Here, we designed a departure threshold algorithm to produce a consistent 15-year time series of melt onset for the tundra of the Alaskan North Slope, using the overlap period for the enhanced resolution datasets to calibrate the ASCAT melt detection record against QuikSCAT. We produced a time series of day of year of melt onset for 4.45 km x 4.45 km grid cells on the Alaskan North Slope from 2000–2014. Time series validation with in situ mean daily air temperature produced mean R2 values of 0.75 (QuikSCAT) and 0.72 (ASCAT). We qualitatively observed a difference between early-season melt, which occurred rapidly and was driven by strong wind events, and more typical melt, which occurred gradually along a latitudinal gradient. We speculate that future melt timing will have greater frequency of early-season onset as climate change destabilizes the high-latitude atmosphere. 相似文献
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TCFM技术的卫星导风数据在台风模拟中的应用初探 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
利用傅里叶相位分析方法与最大相关法结合的云导风技术TCFM(Technique based on combination of Fourier phase analysis and maximum correlation), 对2005-08-05的强热带风暴“麦莎”天气过程中静止气象卫星得到的30min间隔云图时间序列进行导风计算, 并将导风结果应用于中尺度数值模式ARPS(The Advanced Regional Prediction System), 结合其资料分析系统ADAS(ARPS Data Analysis System), 对台风“麦莎”登陆前的过程进行模拟。尽管洋面上常规资料稀缺, 但卫星导风数据的同化使用结果表明, TCFM技术得到的导风资料能够显著改善台风眼壁东部区域的垂直气流活动, 使台风螺旋雨带更加明显, 符合实际。 相似文献
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本文利用1989—2018年在广东省、福建省、浙江省登陆的98场台风风暴潮数据,选取最小中心气压、最大风速、登陆时中心气压、登陆时风速、登陆时台风强度、登陆地点、登陆方向7个输入因子,采用随机森林回归模型构建预测台风风暴潮最大增水的模型,并用真实数据进行验证。将模型应用于未来年份台风风暴潮的预测,以2019年台风“利奇马”为例验证了模型的实用性。利用Mike21软件模拟的验潮站最大增水构建验潮站最大增水预测模型,并应用于广东省港口站和北津站的最大增水预测,试验结果表明具有可行性。 相似文献
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摘要:地面运动物体、航空与航天飞行器的跟踪量中,GNSS被广泛用于运动轨道的实时跟踪、定位,行两运动体的防撞、对接,地面测控网站的定位及统一时等方面。动态测量的关键技术主要包括:快速捕获解算,零相位天线技术,RAIM技术,超冗余组合接收术,载波相位共同跟踪技术,分集合成抗多径干扰技等。 相似文献
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Zhang Liu Jiawei Yi Fuyuan Liang Ting Ma Tao Pei 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(9):1072-1092
ABSTRACT Location-aware big data from social media have been widely used to quantitatively characterize natural disasters and disaster-induced losses. It is not clear how human activities collectively respond to a disaster. In this study, we examined the collective human activities in response to Typhoon Hato at multi spatial scales using aggregated location request data. We proposed a Multilevel Abrupt Changes Detection (MACD) methodological framework to detect and characterize the abrupt changes in location requests in response to Typhoon Hato. Results show that, at the grid level, most anomaly grids were located within a radius of 53?km around the typhoon trajectory. At the city level, there are significant spatial difference in terms of the human activity recovery duration (230?h on average). At the subnational level, the absolute magnitude of abrupt location request changes is strongly correlated with the typhoon-induced economic losses and the population affected. 相似文献
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根据应急任务的观测需求,确定了天基传感器在应急任务时的观测组合问题模型。从允许按需调整观测需求要素的权值角度出发,提出了一种面向应急任务的天基传感器观测组合评定方法,实现了对天基传感器观测组合的定量评定。实验结果表明,此方法用于天基传感器观测组合方案的优势程度选取是可行的。 相似文献