云南勐海地区离子吸附型稀土矿控矿因素及找矿前景

云南勐海地区地处临沧-勐海(岩浆弧) Fe-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag-Sn-Sb-Ge-REE矿带(Ⅳ9)南段,近年来该区发现多个离子吸附型稀土矿床。为查明勐海地区离子吸附型稀土矿床控矿因素,指导后续找矿工作,本文在野外地质调查和室内综合整理分析的基础上,对勐海地区离子吸附型稀土矿床的成矿地质背景和成矿特征进行了初步研究,探讨了本区离子吸附型稀土矿床控矿因素与找矿前景。研究表明,勐海地区离子吸附型稀土矿床是以轻稀土为主的稀土矿,其成矿母岩为晚三叠世临沧花岗岩,次生富集成矿于新生代以来;其矿床的形成不仅受成矿母岩、地球化学、构造等内在因素的影响,亦受地形地貌、气候和植被等外在因素的控制,在勐海回龙卡-帕宫苏胡一带形成一条北西-南东向的稀土矿富集带。结合1∶5万矿调工作成果,认为勐海地区成矿地质条件优越,具有很大的离子吸附型稀土矿找矿前景。     

云南临沧花岗岩离子吸附型稀土矿床地球化学特征及其成因讨论

[研究目的]临沧花岗岩风化壳广布,离子吸附型稀土资源潜力巨大.加强对临沧花岗岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土相态特征、浸出率等矿床地球化学特征和成矿机制的研究有利于进一步促进该区离子吸附型稀土资源的找矿工作.[研究方法]本文选择临沧花岗岩中段地区,通过系统实施钻探工程,详细了解稀土成矿地质及矿床地球化学特征,并对其成因进行探讨....     

赣南地区变质岩离子吸附型稀土矿床地质特征及找矿方向

通过对赣南地区变质岩离子吸附型稀土矿床进行岩石学、稀土元素地球化学和矿床地质特征研究,探讨变质岩离子吸附型稀土矿床的控矿因素、矿床成因及下一步找矿方向。赣南地区变质岩的原岩时代主要为青白口纪—奥陶纪,变质岩的稀土元素丰度较高,属轻稀土富集型。已发现的离子吸附型稀土矿床主要赋存于震旦纪—青白口纪变质岩中,以青白口纪库里组和南华纪寻乌岩组为主。石城—宁都—瑞金浅变质岩区和会昌—安远—寻乌中深变质岩区可作为离子吸附型稀土矿勘查的首选地区。     

云南中基性火山岩风化壳离子吸附稀土成矿作用分析 ——以腾冲龙井山安山岩风化壳型稀土矿床为例

近年来在云南发现了多个离子吸附型稀土矿,特别是滇西的腾冲—陇川地区、临沧—勐海地区成为了找矿突破最大、最受关注的地区.本次工作在腾冲火山岩带南部龙井山发现一套富含轻稀土的第四系中基性火山岩建造,该含矿建造稀土元素丰度平均值达532×10–6.经过系统的调查研究及采样工作,结果表明腾冲龙井山新近纪中的辉石安山岩富含轻稀土,为一种年轻火山岩形成的风化壳型稀土矿床,矿体平均厚度9.15 m,平均品位(TREEO)0.11％,矿体品位、厚度变化与风化壳厚度呈正相关.该中基性火山岩离子吸附型稀土矿床的发现丰富了云南稀土矿床类型.这种年轻的中基性火山岩型稀土矿的成矿地质背景、地球化学特征等,为寻找中基性岩有关的稀土矿床提供参考.     

离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿规律及找矿潜力——以广西姑婆山和广东新丰地区为例

离子吸附型稀土矿床是我国上世纪60年代发现的一种矿床类型,该类型矿床自发现到现在不断在南岭地区发现此类矿床和矿点,已经成为我国除白云鄂博碱性岩型稀土矿床外的第二大稀土产量的矿床类型。研究发现离子吸附型矿床与燕山期花岗岩有关,主要分布在南岭造山带及其附近区域,其中在广西、广东、湖南、江西和福建最为常见。广西姑婆山、广东新丰地区及其     

广西富稀土风化壳的矿物学特征初步探讨

<正>广西是我国花岗岩和火山熔岩风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿条件和找矿潜力最好的地区之一。近年来,在广西的富川、平乐、钟山、贺县、北流、宁明等县相继发现离子吸附型稀土矿床。当前对广西区内富稀土风化壳的研究程度很低,很多基础的研究工作尚未开展。因此,加强对离子吸附型稀土矿床的成矿规律总结和成因理论分析,对拓宽国内该类型矿床的找矿方向,增加我国稀土资源具有重要意义。     

离子吸附型稀土矿床形成的矿物表/界面反应机制

华南离子吸附型稀土矿床提供了全球超过90%的重稀土,是我国优势的战略性关键金属矿产资源。掌握这类矿床的成矿机制和禀赋特征,可为增加稀土资源储量和高效利用稀土资源提供理论支撑。离子吸附型稀土矿床主要发育在富稀土花岗岩、浅变质岩及火山岩的风化壳中。基岩中的(含)稀土矿物是风化壳中离子态稀土的主要来源,其矿物组合很大程度上决定了稀土矿床的禀赋和分异特征。在物理-化学风化和微生物作用下,造岩矿物、含稀土矿物和稀土独立矿物逐渐溶解,使稀土元素活化和再富集。一方面,母岩风化形成的黏土矿物和铁锰氧化物具有较大的比表面积和一定的表面电荷密度,是稀土离子的主要载体;另一方面,稀土离子通过离子交换、表面吸附与络合、共沉淀,以及形成次生稀土矿物等途径富集在次生矿物表面,其富集-分异特征和赋存状态受矿物类型、pH、微生物活动等因素所控制。利用高分辨透射电镜结合选区电子衍射和电子能量损失谱,以及同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构谱,有望在原子级尺度查明稀土的微观赋存状态。未来研究需更多关注基岩中(含)稀土矿物组合及其演化路径的制约因素、微生物风化对离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿作用的约束,以及稀土元素的微观赋存状态等问题。     

广东禾尚田矿区新类型风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿的发现及意义

在广东禾尚田矿区,通过地表和钻孔岩芯样品的野外硫酸铵浸泡-草酸点滴试验、化学分析、稀土（REE）配分分析、稀土浸取率测定等工作,首次发现了灰岩风化壳中存在离子吸附型富铕稀土工业矿床。稀土矿与坡残积钨锡矿、铷矿共伴生,并伴生锂、镓和铯等元素,具有中稀土富集和高浸取率的特点,是离子吸附型稀土矿的新类型。它的发现将对离子吸附型稀土矿床勘查产生深远的影响,大大拓展找矿思路和对象;并说明了在一个矿田或一个矿区内寻找新的矿种、新的矿床类型、新的含矿层位的重要性。通过成矿地质条件分析,作者认为矿区西部找矿前景甚佳,禾尚田矿区将成为一个集有色、稀有、稀土、贵金属矿产的多矿种、多矿床类型、多含矿层位的矿区。     

滇西盈江地区新泡山离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿条件及找矿前景

滇西盈江地区是近年来离子吸附型稀土矿床找矿突破较大的地区,典型代表为腾冲岩浆弧内新发现的新泡山稀土矿床,为一中型离子吸附型稀土矿床,是滇西高海拔地区新发现的典型矿床。新泡山稀土矿床的发现对今后高海拔地区的找矿工作具有重要的示范意义。通过对新泡山稀土矿床的地质特征、风化壳结构特征、矿体垂向变化特征进行研究,认为新泡山稀土矿床类型为富钕轻稀土离子吸附型稀土矿床,并伴生有重稀土钇。滇西盈江地区与花岗岩有关的离子吸附型稀土矿主要受控于母岩稀土元素丰度、气候以及地形地貌。"沟-谷-盆"地貌两侧及周缘低缓山丘和平缓山坡、山脊是有利的成矿部位。结合区域找矿成果,认为研究区稀土矿找矿潜力较大,可达超大型远景规模,在后续的找矿工作中应加强对重稀土元素钇的评价。     

广西大容山离子吸附型高铕高钇重稀土矿的发现及勘探意义

近年在广西境内发现众多离子吸附型稀土矿床,离子吸附型稀土矿矿床类型与其成矿母岩岩浆岩演化历程息息相关。新类型的发现不仅丰富了研究该地区稀土矿成矿理论,还延伸了这类矿床的找矿意义。本文首先介绍了新发现的高铕高钇重稀土矿的特征,结合这类矿床的配分类型,探讨了这类矿床的勘探意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861