南黄海与晋冀内蒙交界区地震相关现象及其应用

本文利用１９００年以来Ｍｓ≥４．７地震目录，系统分析了南黄海及沿岸地区与晋冀内蒙交界地区中强地震此起彼伏，遥相呼应的同步涨落现象，利用这一现象，可能对这２地区未来二三年内地震活动趋势预测提供一个方面的证据，本文给出了预测方案，报道了应用实例，并就有关问题进行了讨论。     

1970年以来华东地区地震活动主体区的迁移

在已有工作基础上，对华东地区1970年以来的地震活动特征从时序演化和空间分布两方面作了分析，发现该地区地震在时序上存在前后两个演化过程相似的活动时段，并在空间分布上有着较好的分区性，地震活动主体区域存在明显的迁移。该研究结果有助于华不地区今后地震趋势分析。     

江苏及邻区地震活动特征及震灾分析

对江苏及邻区地震活动概况进行背景性分析,从该地区地震地质构造背景入手,阐述了影响该地区地震活动的主要断裂构造,对研究区域内的地震活动空间、时间分布特征进行了探讨,并分析了该地区的地震灾害特点。     

腾冲火山地区的地震活动特征

对腾冲火山地区的地震活动时空分布及震情参数的研究结果表明，与火山活动区有关的地震活动具有以下特征：周围构造地震活动频繁而火山群地区则处于地震活动相对平静的背景，震级较低（最高为５．０～６．０级）；地震活动以小的震群活动为主，微震主要发生在腾冲县城南部的热海热田地区。长期的地震频率ｂ值高，达１．２左右；震源深度在０～２０ｋｍ范围，受周围构造大地震的影响，导致火山区地壳内部岩浆活动引起的岩浆冲击型地震发生；火山体地下低速层的存在与地下热物质有关。从腾冲火山活动区地震的时空分布特征和震情参数特征表现出与世界上其它火山地震的相似关系，表明腾冲火山不是死火山，火山体地壳内部存在的岩浆囊或岩浆移动通道内岩浆仍在活动。     

辽宁地区中强以上地震时空分布特征

对辽宁地区M_s≥4 3/4级地震空间和时间分布特征进行了研究。通过研究认为,郯庐地震带北段是区内最重要的地震带,它控制了辽宁地区的地震活动;渤海北西向地震带和朝鲜新义州—釜山地震带的活动也将会对辽宁地区产生影响,地震活动网络结点、海城地震余震活动区等是未来容易发生中强以上地震的地区。通过熵谱分析、周期图等方法的研究,认为辽宁地区地震活动存在300多年的活动周期,未来百年将处于剩余应变释放期,活动水平不会太高。     

水口水库地震对南平地区的影响

水口水库建成蓄水后诱发了频繁的地震活动，延续时间已达8年之久，,学在继续活动。近年来，南平地区的邵武，政和等地也相继有中小地震活动，为了摸清南平地区地震活动与水口水库诱发地震是否关联，本文对该地区及水口水库诱发地震前后的地震活动性及时空特征，区域构造背景及水库诱发地震的活动趋势进行综合分析研究。     

辽宁地区地震活动空间分布的多重分形

通过辽宁地区地震活动资料，根据地震活动在空间中的分布演化特征，由多重分形理论及计算方法详细地研究了该地区地震活动的基本特点．结果显示，辽宁地区地震活动在空间上的增长演化及分布过程是多重分形结构，(q)-q曲线、f()谱及其它一些参量在几次中、强地震前后的明显变化，较好地描述了地震活动的分形增长过程的整体演化特征．      

全球7级大震与我国地震活动的关系

本文对全球７级以上大震进行了分区研究，分析了各区地震活动的特征及其与地球自转速度的关系，并对华北中强以上地震活动特征及其与全球大震活动的关系进行了探讨，结果认为，全球各区大震活动特征分为三种类型，它们都与地球自转速度有关。     

青海东部地区中强震前活动因子A的图像研究

利用地震活动因子A值，对青海省东部地区(监测能力强)小震活动进行空间扫描，分析了该地区中强以上地震前，地震活动因子A值的空间分布、演化特征及其与目标地震的对应关系，并对该方法的预报效能作出评价。     

川滇地区现今地壳形变及其与强震时空分布的相关性研究

本文通过分析80年代以来的川滇地区跨断层形变测量资料、区域垂直形变测量资料及部分大区域GPS测量资料，认为该时间域内川滇地区地壳形变处于相对弱状态，并直接导致了自1981年道孚6．9级地震后至今川滇地区6级以上地震基本上未沿主边界断裂展布，且具有准顺时针旋转迁移的分布特征。基于此，认为未来几年内川滇地区地震危险性预测研究的重点应是川滇地区中部。最后根据现今地壳形变测量资料和地震分布特征提出了川滇地区活动地块时段性划分的概念，并给出了初步的划分结果。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Solute concentrations in the lower niger river and the source rock contribution

Water quality analyses for the Niger River for the 1980/81 hydrological year are presented. The samples were collected from the main river at Lokoja, and from two main tributaries, the Kaduna and the Benue Rivers. Different water types were distinguished by the concentrations of major ions. The type Ca > Na > Mg > K - HCO₃ > SO₄ > Cl was represented at all stations during at least part of the year. Chloride was found to dominate the sulphate ion in the Kaduna and Niger, while the Benue maintained a higher concentration of sulphate relative to chloride all year round. Distinct patterns of seasonal variation in the ion concentrations were observed, particularly for the samples collected at Lokoja. Low ion concentrations were prominent during periods of high discharge, while low flow periods coincided with high dissolved ion concentrations. The contribution of rainwater to the total dissolved solids in the river waters was assessed indirectly using rainwater chemistry data from the Gulf of Guinea. The estimated rainwater contribution to the Lower Niger amounts to 5.15 mg 1^?1. Geochemical weathering calculations involving reactions of the four major minerals of granitic rocks - anorthite, biotite, albite, and K-feldspar - with carbon dioxide and water, can account for the average water composition of the Lower Niger. The proportion of the ionic components was also related to the occurrence of the respective element in the minerals.