含黏滞流体各向异性孔隙介质中弹性波的频散和衰减

基于Biot理论,考虑液相的黏弹性变形和固液相接触面上的相对扭转,提出了含黏滞流体VTI孔隙介质模型.从理论上推导出,在该模型中除存在快P波、慢P波、SV波、SH波以外,还将存在两种新横波－慢SV波和慢SH波.数值模拟分析了6种弹性波的相速度、衰减、液固相振幅比随孔隙度、频率的变化规律以及快P波、快SV波的衰减随流体性质、渗透率、入射角的变化规律.结果表明慢SV波和慢SH波主要在液相中传播,高频高孔隙度时,速度较高;大角度入射时,快P波衰减表现出明显的各向异性,而快SV波的衰减则基本不变;储层纵向和横向渗透率存在差异时,快SV波衰减大的方向渗透率高.     

黏弹各向异性介质中波的反射与透射问题分析

黏弹各向异性介质中传播不均匀波,其反射、透射模式不仅与介质分界面两侧速度对比有关,还与品质因子Q的对比有关. 用伪谱技术模拟黏弹各向异性介质分界面上波的反射、透射,并与弹性各向异性介质、黏弹各向同性介质和弹性各向同性介质的模拟结果做比较. 计算平面波的反射、透射系数,分析介质的黏弹性和各向异性对反射、透射系数的影响. 数值模拟了一个三层介质模型中的波场,分析两个分界面上产生的反射波的特征. 黏弹各向异性介质中,qS波比qP波衰减程度大.     

Scattering of internal waves in a two-layer fluid flowing through a channel with small undulations

Using two-dimensional linear water wave theory, we consider the problem of normal water wave (internal wave) propagation over small undulations in a channel flow consisting of a two-layer fluid in which the upper layer is bounded by a fixed wall, an approximation to the free surface, and the lower one is bounded by a bottom surface that has small undulations. The effects of surface tension at the surface of separation is neglected. Assuming irrotational motion, a perturbation analysis is employed to calculate the first-order corrections to the velocity potentials in the two-layer fluid by using Green’s integral theorem in a suitable manner and the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function c(x) representing the bottom undulation. Two special forms of the shape function are considered for which explicit expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients are evaluated. For the specific case of a patch of sinusoidal ripples having the same wave number throughout, the reflection coefficient up to the first order is an oscillatory function in the quotient of twice the interface wave number and the ripple wave number. When this quotient approaches one, the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the interface, and the reflection coefficient becomes a multiple of the number of ripples. High reflection of the incident wave energy occurs if this number is large. Again, when a patch of sinusoidal ripples having two different wave numbers for two consecutive stretches is considered, the interaction between the bed and the interface near resonance attains in the neighborhood of two (singular) points along the x-axis (when the ripple wave number of the bottom undulation become approximately twice as large as the interface wave number). The theoretical observations are presented in graphical form.     

Reflection and refraction of plane harmonic waves at an interface between elastic solid and porous solid saturated by viscous liquid

A general solution of Biot's field equations governing small motions of a porous solid saturated by viscous liquid is employed to study the reflection and refraction at the interface between an elastic solid and a liquid-saturated porous solid. The incident wave is assumed to be plane and homogeneous, propagating through the isotropic elastic solid. The poroelastic solid is considered to be a dissipative one. Amplitude and energy ratios are computed numerically for a particular model. With first-order corrections for the porosity of solid and viscosity of liquid, the limiting cases of low and high frequencies are computed.     

The reflection and transmission of elastic waves at a interface between a transversely isotropic elastic soils and saturated soils

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Dynamic stress concentration and scattering of SH-wave by interface elliptic cylindrical cavity

In this paper, the dynamic stress concentration and scattering of SH-waves by bi-naterial structures that possess an interface elliptic cavity are investigated. First, by using the complex function method, the Green‘s function is constructed. This yields the solution of the displacement field for an elastic half space with a semi-elliptic canyon impacted by an anti-plane harmonic line source loading on the horizontal surface. Then, the problem is divided into an upper and lower half space along the horizontal interface, regarded as a harmony model. In order to satisfythe integral continuity condition,the unknown anti-plane forces are applied to the interface. The integral equations with unknown forces can be established through the continuity condition, and after transformation, the algebraic equations are solved numerically. Finally, the distribution of the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) around the elliptic cavity is given and the effect of different parameters on DSCF is discussed.     

流体-孔隙介质界面震电反射和透射系数的简化表达式

震电测井和海洋地震勘探中均遇到流体-孔隙介质界面.对于平面声波入射平面界面模型, 本文利用前人给出的震电反射和透射电磁波的电场式, 导出了震电反射和透射系数的表达式, 其中声波与电磁波的物理参数是解耦的.在给定介质参数和入射角且已知三类弹性体波的透射系数时, 就能通过该表达式计算震电反射和透射系数.该表达式对于所有入射角都是成立的, 当入射角为复数时对应非均匀平面波入射的情况.利用电磁波数远小于界面切向波数的前提条件, 将震电反射和透射系数的表达式化简为了简化表达式.简化式中与快纵波、慢纵波和横波有关的量均以透射系数与渗-固位移比的乘积形式出现, 而动电耦合系数、电导率和渗透率以乘积形式作为一个整体出现.简化式表明, 孔隙介质中的快纵波、慢纵波和横波通过渗流位移势影响震电反射和透射系数.数值算例表明, 当平面声波入射角不是极其小时, 震电反射和透射系数的简化式是适用的; 快纵波对震电反射和透射系数的影响可以忽略.震电反射和透射系数的简化表达式不仅简化了震电波场的计算, 而且明确表达了三类弹性体波引起反射和透射电磁信号的物理因素, 为地下和海底储层的参数反演提供了思路.

     

Reflection and refraction of waves at the interface of an isotropic medium over a highly anisotropic medium

In this paper, we have considered the reflection and refraction of a plane wave at an interface between two half-spaces. The lower half-spaces is composed of highly anisotropic triclinic crystalline material and the upper half-space is homogeneous and isotropic. It has been assumed that due to incidence of a plane quasi-P (qP) wave, three types of waves, namely, quasi-P (qP), quasi-SV (qSV) and quasi-SH (qSH), will be generated in the lower half space whereas P and S waves will be generated in the upper half space. The phase velocities of all the quasi waves have been calculated. It has been assumed that the direction of particle motion is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Some specific relations have been established between directions of motion and propagation, respectively. The expressions for reflection coefficients of qP, qSV, qSH and refracted coefficients of P and SV waves are obtained. Results of reflection and refraction coefficients are presented.     

Dynamic response of an offshore pile to pseudo-Stoneley waves along the interface between a poroelastic seabed and seawater

A coupled model is developed to investigate the dynamic interaction between an offshore pile, a porous seabed and seawater when subjected to the pseudo-Stoneley wave along the seabed and the seawater interface. The pile and the seabed are treated as the porous medium governed by Biot's theory, while the seawater is considered as an acoustic medium and is described by the conventional Helmholtz equation. The free field solution of the incident pseudo-Stoneley wave is obtained using Biot's theory and the potential method. Based on the boundary element method (BEM) for the porous medium and the acoustic medium, three BEM formulations are constructed for the pile, the seabed and the seawater, respectively, which are combined together using the continuity conditions between the pile, the seabed and the seawater to formulate the coupled model for the system. As shown in numerical examples, when the system is subjected to the pseudo-Stoneley wave, the maximum pore pressure of the seabed usually occurs at the region near the interfaces between the seabed and the seawater.