西藏亚东淡色花岗岩Rb—Sr和Sm—Nd同位素研究——关于其年龄和源岩的证据

对西藏亚东淡色花岗岩Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素的详细研究表明,亚东淡色花岗岩Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素组成十分不均匀,其初始Sr值和ε-(Nd)(13 Ma)分别介于0.756～0.775和-11.6～-16.3。由于存在着显著的同位素变异,而难以获得其全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄。但研究获得了12.9±0.95Ma矿物—全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄,其锶初始值为0.7744±0.0008,该年龄可以与高喜马拉雅带其他淡色花岗岩的年龄对比。Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素组成显示亚东淡色花岗岩的源岩很可能是聂拉木群副变质岩。年龄统计分析表明,喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩是在地壳伸展和快速隆起背景下形成的,因此它的形成年龄是碰撞造山后地壳强烈活动和快速隆起的重要标志。     

闽北麻源群Sm—Nd,Rb—Sr同位素年龄研究

福建北部元古代麻源群地层发育,对其中7个变质岩和2个白云母花岗岩样品进行了Sm-Nd及Rb-Sr同位素年龄研究。7个样品的Sm-Nd同位素全岩等时线年龄为2116±22(2δ)Ma,INd=0.51027±2(2δ),εNd(t)=7.29±0.17。6个样品的Rb-Sr同位素全岩等时线年龄为375±28(2δ)M,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.707±34(2δ).2116Ma的年龄值代表麻源群原岩的成岩年龄,375Ma年龄值代表麻源群的变质年龄。     

内蒙古盘陀山-鹰嘴红山含钨花岗岩带形成时代及源区示踪

位于塔里木板块与哈萨克斯坦板块缝合带南侧被动陆缘隆起区的盘陀山-鹰嘴红山花岗岩带,赋存有盘陀山钨矿床-望旭山钨矿床-鹰嘴红山钨矿床。本文选择盘陀山和鹰嘴红山含钨花岗岩体,采用固体质谱稀释法进行锆石U-Pb法同位素测年,获得年龄值为373.8±1.6Ma～398.9±2.9Ma,确定形成时代为泥盆纪;同时测定花岗岩全岩Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素组成,计算得(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.722158～0.745368,εNd(t)值为-6.70552～-6.55118,根据(87Sr/86Sr)i值明显大于0.708和εNd(t)值远小于0,推断该带含钨花岗岩起源于古老陆壳物质的重熔。     

多尼戈尔花岗岩类Sm—Nd和Rb—Sr联合同位素体系及推论其岩石成因

采尔兰西北部多尼戈尔偏铝到过铝质花岗岩类岩基，侵位于Dalradian超群绿片岩一角闪岩相变质沉积岩中，年龄约为400Ma。本文提供了该区6个深成岩体的11个样品和唐群纽里杂岩体东北部1个花岗闪长岩样品的Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr同位素资料，主要结果是多尼戈尔岩基的Sr同位素初始比相似（0．7051－0．7068），但初始εNd值变化较大（－1．2到－8．3，纽里杂岩体的初始εNd值为－0．5）。不同的花岗岩具有不同的Nd同位素组成特征，一些岩石含有富轻稀土的古老地壳组分，而另一些岩石含有年轻地壳和（或）幔源岩浆组分。Nd和Sr同位素组成的变化可用一种混合假说解释。     

浙江莫干山花岗岩体锆石U-Pb、全岩Rb-Sr年代学、Sr-Nd-O同位素地球化学及成因研究

莫干山花岗岩体位于东天目山晚中生代火山盆地东端,用LA-ICPMS进行锆石U-Pb定年得到年龄为128.1±2.1Ma,全岩Rb Sr等时线定年结果为135.4±4.3 Ma,表明其属燕山晚期岩浆活动产物.莫干山花岗岩的Sr-Nd-O同位素分析结果为:初始87Sr/86Sr=0.70933;εNd(t)=-3.75～ - 6.4;δ18O=8.86‰～10.78‰,表明其成因类型属Ⅰ型花岗岩,是壳-幔物质混合形成的.按Sr Nd双变量二元混合模型计算得出源区物质中地壳端员和亏损地幔端员的贡献份额分别为47％～49％、51％～53％.莫干山花岗岩与建德群黄尖组火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩Rb Sr等时线年龄基本一致,其Nd-Sr同位素组成也很相似,表明它们来自同一岩浆源.     

广西姑婆山花岗岩单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及全岩Sr-Nd同位素研究

LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定表明,组成广西姑婆山花岗岩的东、西岩体和里松岩体的年龄分别为160.8±1.6Ma、165.0±1.9Ma、163.0±1.3Ma,在误差范围内基本一致,说明整个姑婆山岩体是同一时代的产物,是燕山中期第一阶段华南大规模陆壳重熔型花岗岩浆活动的产物。姑婆山花岗岩中的各个岩体虽然形成于同一时代,但它们之间在岩石学、地球化学特征方面有一定的差异。除了主微量元素、稀土元素特征有所不同外,Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd同位素特征研究表明姑婆山西岩体的粗粒花岗岩、东岩体、里松岩体及其包体的平均(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7064、εNd(t)平均为-3.03,反映它们的源区有较多地幔物质组分参与;而姑婆山西岩体的细粒花岗岩的(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7173、εNd(t)平均为-5.00,具强烈的Eu亏损、高Rb/Sr值等特征,它的源区可能是由一个相对古老地壳组分和年轻地幔组分组成的混合源区。此外,姑婆山东岩体(GP-1)中发现的继承锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为806.4Ma,与杭州—诸广山—花山花岗岩带(HZH)上的赣北九岭堇青石花岗岩、广西英桥混合花岗岩的年龄相似,为HZH带新元古代的岩浆活动提供了锆石年代学方面的依据。     

北祁连黑石山花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石 U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

北祁连黑石山地区的基性—酸性火山岩中,从南向北依次产出郝泉沟、白马洼、黑石山沟、放符崖等花岗岩体,其中在郝泉沟斜长花岗岩体中发现了郝泉沟金矿床。采用LA-ICP-MS同位素测定技术,获得白马洼英云闪长岩和郝泉沟斜长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为（440.2±2.4）Ma和（431.8±2.4）Ma,表明岩体形成时代为晚奥陶世末—早志留世;同时测定白马洼花岗岩体的全岩Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd同位素组成,计算的(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.70535,εNd(t)值为1.11,推断其源于增厚的下地壳。本次研究表明,在早古生代晚期,随着祁连洋盆闭合,中祁连地块与北祁连奥陶纪岛弧发生碰撞,导致地壳加厚,引起下地壳玄武质岩石部分重熔,黑石山地区的花岗岩体形成于这一背景下。     

岩背和塌山含锡花岗斑岩的同位素地球化学物征和物质来源

笔者选择了岩背和塌山两个含锡花岗斑岩进行了系统的同位素地球化学研究。岩背花岗斑岩的全岩 Rb-Sr 等时线年龄（114Ma）和塌山花岗斑岩颗粒锆岩 U-Pb 年龄（138Ma）表明，这两个含锡花岗斑岩都是燕山晚期岩浆活动的产物。这些岩石具有较低的εNd值，较高的（37Sr/86Sr）i值、207Pb/204Pb值和δ18O值以及较古老的Nd模式年龄。同时，它们明显为富集SiO2、K2O、Rb、F和Sn，并具有强的负 Eu 异常和弱的Ce负异常。这些特征都相似于华南陆壳改造系列花岗岩，它们的母岩浆可能来源于     

大别山双河超高压变质矿物Ｏ同位素平衡及其对Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线年龄有效性的制约

对大别造山带双河超高压榴辉岩和片麻岩Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线矿物进行了O同位素地质测温。尽管Sm-Nd等时线给出一致的三叠纪年龄(213~238 Ma)，同一样品Rb-Sr等时线却给出侏罗纪年龄(171~174 Ma)。片麻岩、榴辉岩和榴闪岩矿物对O同位素测温得到600~720℃和420~550℃两组温度，分别对应于约225±5 Ma榴辉岩相变质和约175±5 Ma角闪岩相退变质条件下停止同位素扩散交换的温度。同一样品三叠纪Sm-Nd等时线年龄的保存、侏罗纪Rb-Sr等时线年龄的出现以及有规律的O同位素温度，表明在角闪岩相退变质过程中，Sr和O在含水矿物（如黑云母和角闪石）中的扩散速率在手标本尺度上比石榴石Nd和多硅白云母Sr的扩散速率快。     

青藏高原中新生代花岗岩Sr、Nd同位素研究

青藏高原中新生代岩浆活动强烈，本文报道青藏高原西部中新生代代表性花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素测定结果，结合前人已发表的东部地区花岗岩同位素资料，初步探讨了青藏高原地区中新生代花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素组成、物质来源与成因。研究表明，分布于冈底斯地块北南边界(即冈底斯花岗岩北带和南带)与洋壳俯冲有关的燕山晚期花岗岩，具有低^87Sr／^86Sr初始值(小于0．706)、正εNd(t)值和年轻的t2DM模式年龄的特征，岩浆来源于俯冲洋壳的熔融；与陆-陆碰撞及碰撞后有关的冈底斯花岗岩^87Sr／^86Sr初始值变化大(0．706～0719)，而εNd(t)值和t2DM都在很小范围变化，Sr、Nd同位素组成似乎与时代、岩性无关，说明壳幔混合花岗岩的同位素源区长时期保持相对均一。无洋壳物质参与的通过陆内俯冲作用形成的喜马拉雅区花岗岩，具有高^87Sr/^86Sr初始值(大于0.720)、古老模式t2DM年龄(1792～2206Ma)和低εNd(t)值(-10．3～-16．3)特征，并与基底岩石的Sr，Nd组成一致，岩浆源区为壳源。由此说明花岗岩类及其岩石组合的形成主要取决于深部部分熔融物质的成分，不同火成岩组合的差异反映了青藏高原岩石圈组成和演化的不均一性。     

Paleozoic collisional and intraplate granitoids of the Baikal area: comparative geochemistry and petrogenesis

Early Paleozoic granitoids of autochthonous and allochthonous facies in the Baikal area (Ol’khon Island, Khamar-Daban Ridge) are in close spatial association with gneisses, migmatites, and plagiogranites and are usually confined to granite–gneiss domes. They are virtually not subjected to magmatic differentiation. Formation of granitoids of the Solzan massif and Sharanur complex lasted 26–28 Myr, which might be considered an indicator of collisional granitoid magmatism. Collisional granitoids of different provinces have a series of indicative features: They are peraluminous and highly potassic and are enriched in crustal elements (Rb, Pb, and Th) but sometimes have low contents of volatiles. In contrast to collisional magmatism, petrogenesis of intraplate granitoids does not depend on the composition and age of the enclosing rocks. The geochemical evolution of intraplate granitoid magmatism in the Baikal area is expressed as an increase in contents of F, Li, Rb, Cs, Sn, Be, Ta, Zr, and Pb and a decrease in contents of Ba, Sr, Zn, Th, and U during the differentiation of multiphase intrusions. The geochemical diversity of these granitoids formed both from crustal and from mantle sources and as a result of the mantle–crust interaction, might be due to the effect of plume on the geologic evolution of intraplate magmatism. The wide range of compositions and geochemical types of igneous rocks (from alkali and subalkalic to rare-metal granitoids) within the Late Paleozoic Baikal magmatism area suggests its high ore potential.     

Petrochemical Characteristics and Timing of Middle Eocene Granitic Magmatism in Kooh-Shah, Lut Block, Eastern Iran

The Kooh-Shah region located in a Tertiary volcanic-plutonic belt of the Lut Block in eastern Iran comprises several subvolcanic intermediate to acidic intrusive rocks, diorite to syenite in composition, which have intruded into volcanic rocks. The Kooh-Shah granitoid rocks are characterized by enrichment in large ion-lithophile elements (LILE: e.g. Sr, Ba, Rb) and depletion in high field-strength elements (HFSE: e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti). The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are characterized by moderate LREE enrichment (La/Yb)N=6.01-10.01, medium-heavy REE enrichment, and absence of Eu anomalies. The Kooh-Shah intrusive rocks are metaluminous, shoshonitic with calc-alkaline affinity and high values of magnetic susceptibility, and classified as the magnetite-series of oxidant I-type granitoids. The age of Kooh-Shah granitoid rocks based on zircon U-Pb age dating is 39.7±0.7 Ma (=Middle Eocene) and the ranges of their initial 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd ratios are from 0.704812 to 0.704920 and 0.512579 to 0.512644, respectively, when recalculated to an age of 39 Ma. The initial ?Nd isotope values for the Kooh-Shah intrusive rocks range from -0.18 to 1.09. This geochemical data indicates that the Kooh-Shah granitoid rocks formed from depleted mantle in an island arc setting. The geochemical signature of the studied granitoid rocks represents a characteristic guide for future exploration of copper-gold porphyry-type deposits in the Lut block.     

华南花岗岩物源成因特征与陆壳演化

华南不同时代的花岗岩按物质来源及成因可划分为:幔源(分异)系列:幔-壳混源(同熔)系列;壳源改造(重熔)系列和幔-壳混源碱性系列等四个不同的系列,简要阐述了划分四类系列的岩石学、地球化学的依据。侧重根据Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr同位素成分,以二元混合模型计算了花岗岩源区物质组成中,上壳和亏损地幔组份各占的比例。在此基础上探讨了不同物源成因系列花岗岩形成与华南陆壳演化的内在联系:东安、雪峰旋回褶皱系阶段花岗岩物源成因类型比较多样,有幔源(分异)系列、不成熟壳源、成熟壳源改造(重熔)系列等;加里东,海西期以陆壳改造(重熔)系列为主;印支、燕山期活化区(地洼)阶段,在地幔活化激发下,中国东部陆缘形成幔—壳混源(同熔)系列花岗岩和相应的火山岩;但沿内部断裂带,在壳下地幔热传输及构造作用下引起陆壳重熔,形成属于壳源改造(重熔)系列花岗岩。同位素的研究证明了:地洼阶段的构造-岩浆活动主要动力是来自壳下地幔的活化。     

Rb/Sr isotope studies of Cretaceous granitoids in the central Chukchi region: correctness of geochronological interpretation of results

The validity of the Rb/Sr isotopic ages of Cretaceous granitoid complex in the central Chukchi region has been verified. The performed studies showed that the Rb/Sr isotopic ages of late-orogenic granitoids are not reliable. Their variation can be explained in terms of the mixing of primary mantle magmas with continental-crust matter. Most probably, the variation is due to the constant compositions of mixing components and their proportions.     

U–Pb geochronology of the Southern Black Forest Batholith (Central Variscan Belt): timing of exhumation and granite emplacement

Some granites, granitoid dykes and volcanic rocks of the Southern Black Forest were dated by U–Pb techniques using zircon and monazite. An effusive rhyolite, which is interbedded in upper Visean sedimentary sequences of the Badenweiler-Lenzkirch zone, was dated at 340 ±2?Ma. This weakly metamorphic zone of supracrustal rocks borders high-grade gneiss terrains in the north and the south, which are intruded by a series of granitoid intrusions: the strongly sheared Schlächtenhaus granite is dated by monazite at 334±2?Ma and the hypothesis of a Devonian emplacement is therefore discarded. The emplacement of all other granites, crosscutting dykes and of an ignimbrite were all within analytical uncertainty: St. Blasien granite 333±2?Ma; Bärhalde granite 332±3?Ma; Albtal granite 334±3?Ma; and a porphyry dyke at Präg 332+2/-4?Ma. Deformation and thrusting of the basement units near the Badenweiler-Lenzkirch zone occurred after the emplacement of the Schlächtenhaus granite, but before the intrusion of the other granitoids, and may therefore be constrained to the time period unresolved between 334±2 and 333±2?Ma. The ignimbritic rhyolite of Scharfenstein was deposited in a caldera 333±3?Ma ago. This age coincides within error limits with published U–Pb monazite and Rb–Sr small slab ages of mimatitic gneisses, Ar–Ar hornblende ages of metabasites and Sm–Nd mineral isochron ages of eclogitic rocks in the underlying basement. This suggests that exhumation and cooling of this basement unit must have been active at rates of approximately 20?km and a few 100°C per million years. The silicic melts are interpreted to be of hybrid crust/mantle origin and their formation was most likely linked to these exhumation tectonics. A phase of mantle upwelling and heat advection into the crust is proposed to be the reason for this short-episodic magmatic pulse.     

宝山岩体——一个壳型花岗岩类含钨岩体地质地球化学特征与成矿

从岩体产出的地质背景、岩石学、岩石化学、稀土元素特征、岩石熔化实验,Sr~(87)/Sr~(86)初始比值等资料的初步研究,表明岩体成因属壳型(相当徐克勤的陆壳改造型)花岗岩。但由於岩浆近地同化混染白云质灰岩,致使造岩矿物黑云母富含镁质,又具有过渡型(相当徐克勤的同熔型)花岗岩的某些特点。而钨、铅、锌(银)多金属矿床与该岩体有着成因上的联系。     

新疆西准噶尔花岗岩类的时代及其成因

在西准噶尔地区存在两期不同成因的花岗岩类,一期为与弧后盆地封闭有关的海西中期(305—320Ma)、以小岩体产出的花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩;另一期为后造山的海西晚期(240—280Ma)的以巨大岩基形式产出的碱长花岗岩。     

The genesis and Rb mineralization of the Changlingjian granite porphyry,eastern Jiangnan Orogenic Belt. Acta Petrologica SinicaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

前期勘探成果显示江南造山带东段长岭尖花岗斑岩具有富Rb特点,为研究该区岩浆岩相关Rb成矿机制提供了理想对象。本文在地质特征基础上,测得长岭尖花岗斑岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为122.7±1.8Ma(n=14,MSWD=1.3),是江南造山带东段燕山期目前已知最晚的花岗岩。地球化学特征显示,长岭尖花岗斑岩具有富SiO2(75.67%-76.71%)、碱(Na_(2)O+K_(2)O=7.12%-7.77%)、Rb(471×10^(-6)-512×10^(-6))和∑REE(501.0×10^(-6)-563.2×10^(-6)),同时具高分异指数(DI=91.8-92.8)、高Rb/Sr比(12.2-17.4)和强烈Eu负异常(δEu=0.07-0.08)的特点,为高钾钙碱性、过铝质的A2型花岗岩。同位素地球化学特征显示长岭尖花岗斑岩呈弱负εNd(t)值(-2.3--2.1)和弱负至弱正的锆石εHf(t)值(-4.8-+4.5),Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄为1107-1091Ma。长岭尖花岗斑岩为经历早期熔体析离(初次熔融)的富含黑云母的残余富F麻粒岩基底在幔源混入再次熔融的产物,其上升侵位过程经历了显著的分离结晶作用。长岭尖花岗斑岩富Rb的有利条件包括:(1)富黑云母的变沉积岩基底的岩浆源区(经历早期岩浆析离);(2)富F;(3)贫水和(4)还原性。江南造山带东段燕山期花岗岩类综合对比研究显示,该区燕山晚期(135-120Ma)与长岭尖花岗斑岩地球化学属性相似的岩浆岩具有Rb等稀有金属矿床的成矿潜力。     

Zircon U–Pb ages and Sr–Nd isotope ratios for the Sirstan granitoid body,NE Iraq: Evidence of magmatic activity in the Middle Cretaceous Period

The Sirstan granitoid (SG), comprising diorite and granodiorite, is located in the Shalair Valley area, in the northeastern part of Iraq within the Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone (SSZ) of the Zagros Orogenic Belt. The U–Pb zircon dating of the SG rocks has revealed a concordia age of 110 Ma, which is interpreted as the age of crystallization of this granitoid body during the Middle Cretaceous. The whole-rock Rb–Sr isochron data shows an age of 52.4 ± 9.4 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), which implies the reactivation of the granitoid body in the Early Eocene due to the collision between the Arabian and Iranian plates. These rocks show metaluminous affinity with low values of Nb, Ta and Ti compared to chondrite, suggesting the generation of these rocks over the subduction zone in an active continental margin regime. The SG rocks are hornblende-bearing I-type granitoids with microgranular mafic enclaves. The positive values of ?_Nd (t = 110 Ma) (+0.1 to +2.7) and the low (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios (0.7044 to 0.7057) indicate that the magma source of the SG granitoids is a depleted subcontinental mantle. The chemical and isotope compositions show that the SG body originated from the metasomatic mantle without a major role for continental contamination. Our findings show that the granitoid bodies distributed in the SSZ were derived from the continuous Neo-Tethys subduction beneath the SSZ in Mesozoic times and that the SSZ was an active margin in the Middle Cretaceous.     

松潘造山带马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的成因及其构造意义

松潘造山带广泛出露印支期后碰撞型花岗岩类, 其中包括埃达克质花岗岩类、A型花岗岩和I型花岗岩, 但目前人们对该区印支期强过铝质花岗岩尚未有深入的研究.松潘造山带马尔康花岗岩属于强过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.10~1.20), 其岩石类型主要为中粒二云母花岗岩和中细粒二云母花岗岩.利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法, 获得中粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为208±2Ma, 中细粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为200±2Ma.马尔康强过铝质花岗岩K₂O/Na₂O=1.13~1.75, 富Rb、Th和U, 贫Sr、Ba、Co和Ni等元素; 稀土元素组成上显示存在强到中等的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.15~0.65);全岩初始87Sr/86Sr比值(ISr) 为0.70712~0.71137, εNd (t) =-10.36~-8.43, 锆石εHf (t) =-11.8~-1.1.地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成一致表明, 它们的岩浆来自于地壳物质的部分熔融, 其中中粒二云母花岗岩的源岩类型主要为地壳中的泥质岩类, 而中细粒二云母花岗岩的源岩主要为地壳中的杂砂岩类.结合松潘带的地质背景、区域构造-岩浆事件及其岩浆岩的组合分析, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用可以用来解释马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成机制.在松潘带, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用导致软流圈物质上涌, 这不仅促使了加厚下地壳物质发生部分熔融, 如松潘带印支期埃达克质和I型花岗岩浆的形成, 而且还诱发了中地壳物质的部分熔融, 如马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成.这表明松潘带印支期岩石圈拆沉作用已使地壳不同层次发生部分熔融作用.