转录因子CREB对合浦珠母贝无定型碳酸钙结合蛋白启动子的调节作用

【目的】研究无定型碳酸钙结合蛋白(ACCBP)基因的上游调控机制。【方法】以合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)为研究对象,利用基因组步移技术克隆合浦珠母贝ACCBP基因(PfACCBP)的启动子。设计启动子截短实验,通过双荧光素酶标记法确定启动子与转录因子CREB的结合位点,定位启动子中的功能元件。克隆转录因子环腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB),并通过共转染实验和凝胶迁移率分析检测启动子的相对转录活性。【结果】获得合浦珠母贝ACCBP基因的启动子序列,ACCBP启动子在HEK-293T细胞系中转录活性较高;该启动子上存在CRE元件,该元件可在转录过程中与CREB蛋白直接结合,大幅上调ACCBP启动子的转录效率。【结论】转录因子CREB可通过与ACCBP启动子上的CRE元件结合而增强转录活性的调控作用。     

桂西下甲方解石脉型水晶矿床特征及成因初步研究

桂西下甲方解石脉型水晶矿床是水晶矿床的新类型。它是古岩溶水被封存后,由于区域的剧烈沉降而被深埋于地下,从而获得高温、高压,使之转化为热液,溶解围岩形成石溶液。之后为褶皱上升,使上覆地层遭受剥蚀,形成有利于方解石和水晶的结晶条件。由于温度的变化而引起热液PH值的变化,从而使方解石和水晶在结晶过程中产生分异,形成水晶矿床。据此,此矿床可称为“构造-溶异”型水晶矿床。     

基于微生物诱导矿化的钙质砂加固影响因素

基于微生物诱导矿化技术,分别以钙源、营养液浓度及颗粒粒径为变量开展了钙质砂微生物注浆试验. 通过无侧限抗压强度测试结合扫描电镜测试综合研究了固化试样碳酸钙产率、无侧限抗压强度与各因素间关系, 探究了不同因素对固化效果的影响及固化机理.结果表明:钙源是影响钙质砂固化效果的关键,氯化钙作为钙源 时的固化效果优于乙酸钙;低浓度营养液较高浓度营养液更有利于钙质砂胶结成型,高浓度营养液易造成大量碳 酸钙晶体阻塞管口部λ并影响脲?活性;小粒径钙质砂微生物固化效果较好,微生物诱导生成的碳酸钙晶体更易 将小粒径钙质砂粒间孔隙充填.      

广西大化瑶族自治县碳酸钙资源禀赋特征及找矿潜力分析

广西大化瑶族自治县已发现的碳酸钙资源主要为方解石矿。该区域的方解石矿床类型单一,以低温热液充填型为主;矿床数量较多,但矿体规模不大;矿石纯度高,白度好,矿石质量好。大化瑶族自治县位于南丹—昆仑关断裂中段旁侧,境内碳酸盐岩分布广泛,断裂构造发育,成矿地质条件有利,具有进一步扩大方解石矿床规模的潜力。     

陆生蜗牛文石方解石化过程及其碳同位素组成变化高温实验

在过去全球气候变化研究中,生物CaCO3壳体的稳定同位素组成是常见的古气候替代性指标,被用来重建古气候变化历史,而生物成因文石质矿物的方解石化则是自然界较为常见的现象,该过程会导致生物壳体稳定同位素组成发生改变,从而影响古气候重建的准确性。利用陆生蜗牛Achatina fulica的文石壳体在空气背景下进行高温加热实验,来揭示加热前后样品中方解石含量和碳同位素组成的变化。结果表明:随着温度的升高,方解石含量增高;文石方解石化过程受壳体有机质含量的影响,相同加热温度和时间条件下,未采用双氧水处理的方解石含量比采用双氧水处理的方解石含量低;高温加热的壳体样品比原始样品碳同位素组成偏负;较短时间实验条件下,温度对文石方解石化过程起主导作用,并且双氧水处理也会对文石方解石化有所影响;造成样品碳同位素组成偏负可能是因为加热过程中样品与空气CO2发生了碳同位素交换反应,而不是因为矿物相变。因此,在利用蜗牛壳体碳同位素组成进行古环境重建时,需考虑文石方解石化过程对壳体碳同位素组成变化的影响。     

西南印度洋中脊钙质沉积物地球化学及矿物学特征

深海沉积物研究能够为海底资源开发利用提供丰富的信息,对推动沉积学发展具有重要的理论意义。以中国大洋科考
20航次西南印度洋中脊附近的钙质沉积物为研究对象,选取了10个沉积物样品进行了X射线衍射物相分析、扫描电镜分析、碳氧
同位素及微量元素测试。结果表明,研究区钙质沉积物矿物组成主要为方解石,黏土矿物含量较低。方解石以钙质超微化石颗石
藻及有孔虫的形态存在,碳氧同位素特征显示超微化石生活在正常的近表层海水环境中,死亡后埋藏环境稳定。稀土元素具有总
量低、轻重稀土元素分异明显、Eu中等负异常、Ce中等负异常的特征。微量元素中富亲石元素、贫亲铁元素,亲生物元素Sr、Ba含
量远高于其他元素。微量元素特征及Ceanom值说明沉积环境偏氧化。沉积物中大量的生物成因方解石及地球化学特征反映了研
究区物源以生物源为主、含有少量陆源及幔源物质的特点。      

渝东石柱地区龙马溪组页岩纤维状脉体成因

渝东石柱地区志留系龙马溪组页岩地层发育特殊的纤维状方解石脉体。为揭示其流体来源及形成机理，结合岩石学及地球化学特征等开展系统分析。研究表明，纤维状方解石脉（FCV）以顺层或近平行层面充填于黑色粉砂质页岩和泥质粉砂岩微裂缝中，脉体宽0.1~4.0 cm、横向延伸一般为0.5~8.0 m。纤维状方解石晶体以柱状、纤维状垂直裂缝壁生长为主，多与石英共生产出。晶体表面洁净，局部见方解石压力影、机械双晶及晶体间锯齿状晶界。阴极发光下纤维状方解石呈暗红色-橘红色；碳-氧同位素分析表明δ13C_PDB略偏负、δ18O_PDB负异常明显（δ13C_PDB、δ18O_PDB平均值分别为-1.549‰及-12.654‰），指示其形成过程中受温度升高影响明显；流体包裹体均一温度平均值为159.5℃。结合区域构造-热演化史分析，结果表明石柱地区龙马溪组FCV形成流体具造山带同构造期超高压有机流体性质特征，为中-晚三叠世印支期同构造作用驱动深部流体叠加生烃超高压释放导致水力压裂所致，裂缝的开启导致孔隙流体的过饱和及纤维状方解石的快速沉淀。      

红藻石和蓝藻石概念及分类归属的综述和修订

在分析和总结前人对红藻石和蓝藻石研究成果基础上,结合岩石薄片显微镜下观察实例,发现在以往碳酸盐岩颗粒分类中没有红藻石和蓝藻石的合适位置.鉴于红藻石重要的成因意义和造礁作用,有必要明确红藻石的概念和归属.珊瑚藻本身极易钙化,经生物矿化作用最终保存下来的珊瑚藻屑一直放在生物碎屑中,而红藻石是由非固着的珊瑚藻构成的钙质独立结...     

川东南丁山地区石牛栏组成脉流体来源与油气成藏

四川盆地东南部志留系油气成藏过程研究缺少成藏和破坏阶段的直接证据,丁山地区志留系石牛栏组储层内沥青和方解石脉体记录了储层内流体演化的信息,对研究油气藏油气成藏演化过程有重要的指示作用。运用显微岩相学、阴极发光、微区原位元素和流体包裹体分析方法,确定了古流体来源和活动时间,并恢复了甲烷包裹体古压力,结合烃源岩生烃演化史和地质特征揭示了石牛栏组油气成藏演化过程和主控因素。研究结果表明丁山地区石牛栏组储层内发育两期方解石脉体,原油充注发生在两期方解石脉形成之前。第一期方解石脉形成于距今约127 Ma,阴极发光颜色为褐红色,方解石脉形成于偏还原环境,成脉流体来源于同层位成岩流体。第二期方解石脉形成于距今约83 Ma,阴极发光颜色为褐黄色,方解石脉形成于偏氧化环境。龙马溪组烃源岩大量生油阶段在距今190~150 Ma之间,生成的石油充注到石牛栏组储层中并在距今约135 Ma裂解成气藏。甲烷包裹体捕获压力为51.77~57.46 MPa,储层压力系数为1.26~1.40。石牛栏组古气藏在燕山期以来,由于构造运动导致地层抬升剥蚀和断裂发育,促使天然气泄漏。      

珍珠的扫描电镜观察

作者应用扫描电子显微镜,对褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata Leach)不同形成阶段的无核珍珠,对三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii Lea)、大珠母贝(Pinctada maxima Jameson)和马氏珠母贝(P.martensii Dunker)的有核珍珠进行表面和断面的比较观察,以探讨珍珠的形成过程及其细微空间结构。实验表明,珍珠的最内层是不定形的基质,往往还有一些结晶颗粒;在很多珍珠中,紧邻基质层的是或薄或厚的方解石晶层;珍珠的外围是较厚的霰石晶层。组成霰石晶层的单元晶为长3-5微米、宽2-3微米和厚0.2-0.5微米的不规则多边形板块。板块的大小由珍珠囊上皮细胞的表面积决定。随着育珠蚌(贝)的种类不同,霰石单元晶在珍珠表面的融合状况也有所差异,进而造成珍珠质地的差异。实验还观察到了珍珠的一种新的结晶形式。     

无定形碳酸钙结合蛋白对鼠前成骨细胞MC3T3-E1碱性磷酸酶活性的影响

以 MC3T3-E1细胞系为实验材料,探讨了真核表达的重组蛋白 rACCBP 对成骨细胞的作用.结果表明:rACCBP 对 MC3T3-E1的分化具有抑制作用,用含有0.001 g/mL rACCBP 的 DMEM 培养液,培养8 d 后细胞的ALP 活性仅为7.187 U/mg,远低于参照的11.917 U/mg; rACCBP 削弱了 dexamethane 和 ascorbic acid 对 MC3T3-E1的诱导作用     

Characterization of defensin gene from abalone Haliotis discus hannai and its deduced protein

Defensin is one of preserved ancient host defensive materials formed in biological evolution. As a regulator and effector molecule, it is very important in animals' acquired immune system. This paper reports the defensin gene from the mixed liver and kidney cDNA library of abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Sequence analysis shows that the gene sequence of full-length cDNA encodes 42 mature peptides (including six Cys), molecular weight of 4 323 Da, and pI of 8.02. Amino acid sequence homology analysis shows that the peptides are highly similar (70% in common) to other insects defensin. Because of a typical insect-defensin structural character of mature peptide in the secondary structure, the polypeptide named Haliotis discus defensin (hd-def), a novel of antimicrobial peptides, belongs to insects defensin subfamily. The RT-PCR result of Haliotis discus defensin shows that the gene can be expressed only in the hepatopancreas by Gram-negative and positive bacteria stimulation, which is ascribed to inducible expression. Therefore, it is revealed that the Haliotis discus defensin gene expression was related to the antibacterial infection of Haliotis discus hannai Ino.     

Characterization of defensin gene from abalone <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haliotis discus hannai</Emphasis> and its deduced protein

Defensin is one of preserved ancient host defensive materials formed in biological evolution. As a regulator and effector molecule, it is very important in animals＇ acquired immune system. This paper reports the defensin gene from the mixed liver and kidney cDNA library of abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Sequence analysis shows that the gene sequence of full-length cDNA encodes 42 mature peptides （including six Cys）, molecular weight of 4 323 Da, and pI of 8.02. Amino acid sequence homology analysis shows that the peptides are highly similar （70% in common） to other insects defensin. Because of a typical insect-defensin structural character of mature peptide in the secondary structure, the polypeptide named Haliotis discus defensin （hd-def）, a novel of antimicrobial peptides, belongs to insects defensin subfamily. The RT-PCR result of Haliotis discus defensin shows that the gene can be expressed only in the hepatopancreas by Gram-negative and positive bacteria stimulation, which is ascribed to inducible expression. Therefore, it is revealed that the Haliotis discus defensin gene expression was related to the antibacterial infection of Haliotis discus hannai Ino.     

Spatial distribution of archaeological sites in lakeshore of Chaohu Lake in China based on GIS

There are about 19 Neolithic Age sites and 120 Shang-Zhou dynasties sites in the western lakeshore of Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province, China. Based on sites data, topographic data, drainage maps, administrative maps and SPOT5 remote sensing data, spatial analysis methods were introduced into the archaeology of Chaohu Lake Basin with Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial analysis methods include: 1) Point Density Analysis with density model to acquire the shift of the sites; 2) Distance Analysis to reveal the spatial structure of the sites; 3) 3D Analysis based on Digital Elevation Model to get micro-geomorphologic features of the sites; and 4) Buffer Analysis to discover the relationship between the sites and rivers. The results indicate that the archaeological sites spread from the western lakeshore of Chaohu Lake gradually to the northwest, later to the south, and then symmetrically spread. Controlled by productive forces and other factors, ancient people preferred to reside in those places near water, or in plain and fertile land, which resulted in linear and decentralized distribution of the sites, and presented such disciplines as river valley directivity, terrace directivity and soil directivity. This paper indicates that the distribution of archaeological sites was influenced earlier by natural elements and later by human elements in the study period. The research is important for the integration of GIS and archaeology.     

UP-REGULATION OF HEPATIC RECEPTOR FOR GROWTH HORMONE IN THE FLOUNDER （PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS） AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION WITH EXOGENOUS GH

The iodination efficiency of salmon GH (sGH) was 38.82%,using a modification of the chloramine-T method. The specific activity of the ^125I-sGH was about 40 μCi/μg protein. The results of binding assay showed a single class of high affinity and low-capacity binding site in flounder liver. Long-term administration with exogenous GH can induce the up-regulation of hepatic GH receptor in total binding capacity though there was no significant difference of association constant among any groups. Con-sidering that there was no significant difference in capacity of free binding sites of livers from control and experimental fish, this result also indicated that the liver from experimental fish, compared to that from control fish, had more occupied binding sites.     

Endocrine changes ofParalichthys olivaceus after oral administration with exogenous growth hormone

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Computational Determination of the Binding Mode of α-Conotoxin to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

Conotoxins belong to the large families of disulfide-rich peptide toxins from cone snail venom, and can act on a broad spectrum of ion channels and receptors. They are classified into different subtypes based on their targets. The α-conotoxins selectively inhibit the current of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Because of their unique selectivity towards distinct n ACh R subtypes, α-conotoxins become valuable tools in n ACh R study. In addition to the X-ray structures of α-conotoxins in complex with acetylcholine-binding protein, a homolog of the n ACh R ligand-binding domain, the high-resolution crystal structures of the extracellular domain of the α1 and α9 subunits are also obtained. Such structures not only revealed the details of the configuration of n ACh R, but also provided higher sequence identity templates for modeling the binding modes of α-conotoxins to n ACh R. This mini-review summarizes recent modeling studies for the determination of the binding modes of α-conotoxins to n ACh R. As there are not crystal structures of the n ACh R in complex with conotoxins, computational modeling in combination of mutagenesis data is expected to reveal the molecular recognition mechanisms that govern the interactions between α-conotoxins and n ACh R at molecular level. An accurate determination of the binding modes of α-conotoxins on ACh Rs allows rational design of α-conotoxin analogues with improved potency or selectivity to n ACh Rs.     

空间数据服务代理平台--门户站点体系实现的关键技术

利用Web服务技术、SOAP技术,并引入GML,建立空间数据服务代理平台一门户站点,浓缩空间数据服务站点信息,实现与众多的空间数据服务站点的动态绑定,提高空间数据共享的可操作性,通过SOAP扩展技术来解决GML大数据量的异构网络传输,从而快速实现空间信息共享和互操作。本文对空间数据服务代理平台一门户站点的体系架构、功能、实现及关键技术等进行了探讨,并总结了体系在实现空间数据共享及互操作方面的优点。     

Comparative Study on the Antioxidant Activity of Peptides from Pearl Oyster(Pinctada martensii) Mantle Type V Collagen and Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) Scale Type Ⅰ Collagen

In this study, Pearl oyster mantle type V collagen(POMC) and tilapia scale type I collagen(TSC) were extracted and hydrolyzed by various proteases in order to obtain peptides. The antioxidant activity of the peptides was investigated by DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging experiments and a dynamic digestion model in vitro. The results show that there are significant differences in amino acid composition between POMC and TSC. The collagen peptides obtained from pearl oyster mantle(POMCP) by treating with alkaline protease exhibited higher antioxidant activity than that from tilapia scale(TSCP) treated with papaya protease, and both of them showed greater DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than other peptides. After being separated via Sephadex G-25 chromatography, the M1 fraction isolated from POMCP, and the S1 fraction from TSCP with which both had higher molecular weights showed the strongest antioxidant activity than other fractions, and the M1 fraction exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than the S1 fraction in scavenging free-radicals and protecting cells from the oxidation damage. Furthermore, after treating the dynamic digestion system model in vitro, the DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the M1 fraction increased slightly. These results suggest that POMCP exhibits stronger antioxidant activity than TSCP, which means that PMOP may be a good candidate to be a potential natural antioxidant in the food-processing industry.