红透山式块状硫化物铜锌矿床地球化学特征及找矿意义

产于辽宁省清原地区太古宙花岗-绿岩地体中的红透山式块状硫化物铜锌矿床，具有独特的地球化学特征。以往应用微量元素、稀土元素、同位素、岩石化学等地球化学特征，在原岩恢复、时空演化、矿床成因等基础地质研究中发挥了重要作用。通过该类矿床地层(矿体)中微量元素、卤族元素、汞元素、硫同位素及容矿岩石的岩石化学等地球化学特征的研究，提出了其对清原地区寻找红透山式块状硫化物铜锌矿床的地质找矿意义。     

辽宁红透山铜锌矿床地质特征及成因浅析

红透山铜锌矿床赋存于辽北太古宙绿岩红透山岩组,为极具工业意义的大型矿床.通过对矿石H、O、S、Pb同位素特征的分析,结合矿床矿体形态、矿石结构、构造及围岩蚀变等宏观特征,认为红透山铜锌矿床成矿物质来源于太古宙晚期火山-沉积岩系,成矿流体来源于变质水和大气降水,成矿热力来源于变质作用,从而认为红透山铜锌矿床属“火山-沉积变质热液叠加”型层控矿床.     

应用~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年技术研究清原花岗岩-绿岩地体的形成时代

辽宁清原绿岩地层自下而上分为榆树底组、红透山组和南天门组。小莱河铁矿区榆树底组斜长角闪岩岩石化学性质和稀土元素分布曲线表明,该岩石的原岩属太古代亏损型(DAT)拉斑玄武岩。此斜长角闪岩中的角闪石的两个~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄谱给出该岩石的变质作用发生在29.9亿年。清原绿岩地层形成时代可能在30亿年或稍早一些。全球范围绿岩地层的年龄是35—19亿年,峰值是27亿年.清原绿岩地层的早期形成年龄则大于全球绿岩的峰值年龄。     

红透山铜矿矿石变质的组构特征

前言 多年来,在辽东地区的老变质岩中相继发现了铜-锌矿床和矿化点四十余处,其中,工业价值最大的为红透山铜矿。它是我国典型的深变质块状硫化物矿床,赋存于太古界鞍山群的黑云角闪斜长片麻岩中。同位素年龄为27.70亿年(Pb_(206)～Pb_(207)法)～28.84亿年(Rb～Sr法)。 红透山地区在区域变质过程中产生了两次大的褶皱。第一次形成了展布较宽的东西     

红透山铜矿矿石变质的组构特征

前 言 多年来,在辽东地区的老变质岩中相继发现了铜-锌矿床和矿化点四十余处,其中,工业价值最大的为红透山铜矿。它是我国典型的深变质块状硫化物矿床,赋存于太古界鞍山群的黑云角闪斜长片麻岩中。同位素年龄为27.70亿年(Pb_(206)～Pb_(207)法)～28.84亿年(Rb～Sr法)。     

红透山式变质岩铜锌矿床的地质找矿问题

红透山式变质岩铜锌矿床,是产于深变质岩中的富含铜、锌、硫的火山-沉积变质矿床.解放前只有树基沟一处小型矿床在开采,而且濒于闭坑.解放初在该矿深部找到了新矿体,外围又找到了张胡子沟、稗子沟两个新矿床.1957年,我队到该区开展找矿工作.二十年来,先后找到了红透山、东南山、西北山、红旗山等四个工业矿床,在已闭坑的稗子沟矿区深部找到了新矿体.目前,这个地区已成为一个重要铜矿产地.对红透山式变质岩型铜锌矿床的地质找矿问题,我们经历了一个逐步积累经验的过程,下面谈谈我们的体会.     

新疆玉泉山石墨矿床地质特征及成因探讨

新疆玉泉山石墨矿床赋存于塔里木古陆库鲁克塔格地块中下元古界兴地塔格群辛格尔组云母石英片岩中,经历了沉积-聚炭和区域变质-结晶2个主要成矿期.区域变质-结晶成矿期又分为与低角闪岩相、高绿片岩相和低绿片岩相对应的3个成矿阶段.地层岩石条件、区域变质条件、构造条件是最重要的控矿因素,矿床成因属区域变质型晶质石墨矿床.     

斗南式—-过渡型矿相—-富锰矿

斗南锰矿为一质量兼优的工业锰矿床.目前国内海相沉积锰矿床矿石相多为单一碳酸锰矿相,本矿床为原生氧化锰与原生碳酸锰混生的过渡型矿相.这里说的所谓过渡型矿相的概念,不仅包含沉积成因,也包括受变质成因的含义.笔者把产于中三迭统法郎组中的锰矿床暂名为"斗南式"锰矿.兹以斗南锰矿为例,叙述如下.矿床基本特征1.锰矿成矿时期及层位(1)本矿床含锰地层时代为中三迭世晚期(拉丁尼克期):①含锰岩系产于上三     

辽宁北部菱镁矿床地质特征及成因分析

辽北地区菱镁矿床位于中新元古代凡河裂谷东南边缘及太古宙抚顺-清原克拉通北部边缘,由4个独立矿体组成,东西向展布,尤以佟家街矿体规模最大.矿床赋存于中元古界长城系高于庄组四段细晶白云岩中.在对佟家街菱镁矿床的补充普查工作中,通过对成矿地质背景、矿体地质特征及古海水、古气候、古地理位置的研究分析,提出以沉积为主,变质重结晶、变生热液改造为辅的矿床成因模式.     

内蒙古朱拉扎嘎金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

对矿床的成矿地质条件,控矿因素,地球物理和地球化学异常特征,找矿模式进行了归纳总结,该矿床受控于中元古界长城系渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组纹层状阳起石变质钙质粉砂岩,变质钙质粉砂岩地层,矿体一般呈层状顺层产出,与控矿地层产状一致。矿区内大面积分布的低阻。高激化和宽缓正磁异常区,与金化探异常相对应,初步认为该矿床属层控型金矿床。     

苏鲁变质带北部的岩石构造单元及结晶块体推覆构造

虽然苏鲁变质带北部的超高压变质岩石的类型及其特征与大别山超高压带相似,但是要划出与大别山相对应的岩石构造单元是困难的。详细的区域地质、岩石学、同位素年代学及地球化学的研究已将超高压带的西界大致圈定在牟平断裂至米山断裂的范围内。特别需要提出的是,在荣成超高压变质岩石分布区的南北两侧,出露有3 种不同成因的麻粒岩,即榴辉岩化的麻粒岩;由超高压变质岩经高压升温变质作用生成的麻粒岩;以及未经过榴辉岩相变质的麻粒岩。它们有规律地成带分布。这些麻粒岩带以及在荣成地区出露的未经过麻粒岩相叠加变质的超高压变质带,各自都有着完全不同的变质历史,并且都以深大韧性剪切带为其边界。由此笔者将苏鲁变质带北部由南向北划分为海阳所变质地块(榴辉岩化扬子陆块基底变质单元)、荣成变质地块(超高压变质单元)、威海变质地块(麻粒岩相叠加变质的超高压构造岩片)、昆嵛山边界杂岩带。这些来源于地壳深层的结晶块体是超高压带形成和演化的产物,在后来的进一步碰撞挤压中,这些来源于深层而就位于中上地壳水平的结晶块体,有可能发生了与薄皮构造机制(thin-skin thrust)类似的构造过程。它们有如一系列的推覆体挤压叠置,使华北和华南陆块最后挤压在一起。     

怀安杂岩中含BIF岩石组合的形成时代及产出构造背景

华北克拉通北部的怀安杂岩中分布着一些呈团块状、透镜状或似层状产出的含BIF岩石组合.相对于华北克拉通绿岩带,研究区内的含BIF岩石组合具有规模小、岩性复杂多样以及后期叠加强烈的变质-变形改造等特点,其研究程度较低.在野外地质填图的基础上,通过岩石学、同位素年代学、地球化学研究表明:（1）天镇-怀安地区的含BIF岩石组合主要由条带状（含辉石/角闪）磁铁石英岩、变质基性火山岩（二辉麻粒岩/含辉石斜长角闪岩/高压麻粒岩）、石榴黑云斜长片麻岩和少量石榴石英岩条带或团块组成,这些岩石彼此呈夹层或互层状伴生产出;天镇-怀安地区BIF矿体规模小、与变质火山岩密切共生等特征表明其属于Algoma型.（2）条带状（含辉石/角闪）磁铁石英岩中残留的中-基性火成岩锆石年龄（2 489±19 Ma）可代表含BIF岩石组合的形成时代,并经历了1 800~1 850 Ma变质作用叠加改造.（3）含BIF岩石组合中火山岩地球化学特征显示Rb、Ba、U、Pb等元素富集和Nb、Ta等元素亏损,结合微量元素蛛网图和稀土配分模式对比认为其产出构造背景为弧后盆地,铁矿石PAAS标准化稀土配分图解具有明显Eu正异常,表明与海底热液活动密切相关.      

密云太古宙变质岩的矿物转化及PTt轨迹

本文通过某些矿物之间的转化及成分的变化，研究变质反应的状态。将区内麻粒岩相变质作用划分为四个阶段，并依据变质作用演化过程中的温度、压力的变化推定了ＰＴ＿ｔ轨迹。     

辽宁丹东黄旗地区辽河群变质岩地球化学特征及成因探讨

黄旗地区处于中朝准地台东部、胶辽台隆之营口-宽甸台拱南东端.研究区为辽东早前寒武纪地质构造分区东部,主要出露中生代岩浆杂岩和古元古代岩浆岩及地层,古元古代辽河群广泛发育.主要变质岩类型可划分为：片岩、变粒岩、浅粒岩、长石石英岩、钙硅酸岩及大理岩.研究区辽河群变质岩岩石化学特征为：1）硅酸盐类岩石SiO₂平均含量为47.32%~78.6%,总体K₂O>Na₂;2）碳酸盐类岩石总体CaO>MgO,总的特征是富钙、镁.辽河群各类变质岩微量元素含量相似度较高,F、Rb含量高,浓度克拉克值较大.辽河群变质岩的稀土元素特征为：ΣREE平均值为205.9×10^-6,LREE/HREE平均值为12.8,δEu平均值为0.56;稀土分布图谱属右缓倾斜型,轻稀土分异较重稀土分异好,属于轻稀土富集型,具负铕和弱负铈异常.结合区域内辽河群原岩建造特点,可推断在古元古代时期研究区属地槽型大地构造环境,反映了辽河群地层整体上构成了一个较完整的火山-沉积建造序列.     

变质锆石成因的岩相学研究——高级变质岩U-Pb年龄解释的基本依据

岩相学在研究高级变质岩 (含深熔片麻岩 )的锆石中起着重要的作用 ,其内容主要包括锆石的形貌和表面特征 ,锆石在岩石中的赋存状态 ,与主晶的关系和内部结构等方面。基于大别山地区的一些榴辉岩相岩石、麻粒岩相岩石和片麻状花岗质岩石中锆石的研究 ,阐述了继承锆石、变质锆石、深熔锆石、变质增生、深熔增生和后期流体改造的基本岩相学特征。结合大别山地区的 4个实例 ,说明了高级变质岩中锆石的岩相学研究方法和步骤 ,并初步提出了高级变质岩锆石U -Pb年龄解释的岩相学标志。     

The metamorphic geology of the Windmill Islands,Antarctica: A preliminary account

Rocks of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica (Lat. 66°S, Long. 110°E) consist of a layered sequence of schists, gneisses, and migmatites (the Windmill Metamorphics) intruded by a charnockite (the Ardery Charnockite) and a porphyritic granite (the Ford Granite), and cut by two swarms of easterly‐trending dolerite dykes.

The rocks have undergone four deformations. The first two produced tight isoclinal folds, the third developed broader less appressed concentric folds, and the last deformation produced gentle warps which plunge steeply southwards.

The metamorphic grade of the Windmill Metamorphics ranges from (i) upper amphibolite facies (sillimanite‐biotite‐orthoclase) in the north, through (ii) biotite‐cordierite‐almandine granulite to (iii) hornblende‐orthopyroxene‐granulite in the south. The boundary between (i) and (ii) above is marked by the incoming ortho‐pyroxene and also the outgoing of sphene, and that between (ii) and (iii) by the outgoing of cordierite. Other metamorphic variations, apparent in the field are (i), the southward colour change of biotite (sepia—>red‐brown) and hornblende (blue‐green—>brown‐green) and (ii) the greater abundance of migmatites and pegmatites in the north of the area.

Major‐element rock chemistry suggests that the pre‐metamorphic nature of the schists and gneisses probably consisted of acid and basic volcanics interbedded with sediments ranging from greywacke‐type sandstones to shales. Partial melting of these rocks is thought to have produced some of the more acidic gneisses of the area.

The abundances of the elements K, Rb, and Th are lower than those of terrains of similar grade elsewhere. This is regarded as reflecting original rock composition. The ratios K/Rb, Th/K, and K/(Rb/Sr), however, are comparable with those from similar terrains elsewhere where K, Rb, and Th enrichment by crustal fractionation has been suggested. This suggests that the Windmill Metamorphics were not derived by retrogression from upper granulite‐facies rocks.     

辽宁省二道沟金矿地质及成因

通过二道沟金矿区火山—侵入杂岩、构造、矿床的研究,认为成矿与早白垩世斑状花岗间长岩同源;矿脉与岩脉、爆破岩伴生,时空关系密切;结合矿石、矿物、测温资料,确认二道沟金矿为岩浆中温热液金矿床。     

北秦岭造山带的早古生代多期变质作用

北秦岭造山带的秦岭岩群以高级变质岩石为特征,主要包括少量榴辉岩、高压麻粒岩和区域上广泛分布的麻粒岩-角闪岩相变质岩石。年代学研究显示秦岭岩群中不同岩石记录了多期变质作用。已有的定年资料给出北秦岭官坡地区的榴辉岩的年龄为500Ma左右,代表榴辉岩相的变质时代。结合岩相学资料,对两个高压麻粒岩样品的SHRIMP和LA-ICPMS U-Pb测定分别获得504±7Ma 和506±3Ma的年龄,应代表高压麻粒岩相变质时代。这表明高压麻粒岩和相邻的榴辉岩有相近的变质时代,但形成在造山带中不同的构热造环境中。西峡地区的角闪二辉麻粒岩的U-Pb定年给出两组早古生代年龄,一组为440±2Ma,可能代表了中低压麻粒岩相的变质时代,另一组为426±1Ma,应代表区域角闪岩相的变质时代。桐柏山北部的石榴二辉麻粒岩的U-Pb定年数据给出436±1Ma的年龄,为中压麻粒岩相的变质时代。这些资料表明北秦岭造山带经历了早奥陶世的俯冲和地壳增厚作用,并在晚志留世遭受了广泛的巴罗式区域变质作用。     

Metamorphic petrology and geology in China: A review

The development of metamorphic petrology to metamorphic geology in China has a long history. Ancient basement metamorphic rocks are distributed primarily in the North China Craton, the Yangtze Block and Tarim Craton. They are mainly made up of plutonic gneiss and metamorphosed supercrust rock, transformed to granulite facies through Archean Paleoproterozoic. Many of the Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks have undergone high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism with a clockwise metamorphic evolution path. The ultrahigh temperature (UHT) granulites from the Late Paleoproterozoic are found in North China Craton. Many high-precision chronological data have allowed preliminary construction of the formation and evolutionary framework of different metamorphic basements. Primarily there are low-temperature and high-pressure blue schist, high-temperature and high-pressure granulite and ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) eclogite facies metamorphic rocks in the Phanerozoic orogenic belt. The discovery of eclogite in the Sulu orogen and a large quantity of coesite in its country rocks show that there was a deep subduction of voluminous continental materials during the collision process between the Yangtze block and the North China Craton in the Early Mesozoic phase. From the studies of, for instance, organic matter vitrinite reflectance, illite crystallinity, illite (muscovite) polytype and illite (muscovite) b dimension, the Late Paleozoic strata in the eastern region of Inner Mongolia and the north-central region of NE China have only experienced diagenesis to an extremely low-grade metamorphism. The discovery of impact-metamorphosed rocks in Xiuyan area of Liaoning province has enriched the type and category of metamorphic rocks in China. The phase equilibrium method has been widely used in the study of metamorphism of middle and high-grade metamorphic rocks. On the basis of existing geologic surveys and monographic study results, different scholars have respectively compiled 1:1500000 Metamorphic Geological Map and Specifications of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its Adjacent Areas, 1:2500000 Metamorphic Tectonic Map of China, and the 1:5000000 Metamorphic Geological Map and Specifications of China, among others repectively, which have systematically summarized the research results of metamorphic petrology and metamorphic geology in China.     

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd Mineral Isochron Ages of the Metamorphic Rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic studies were carried out for metamorphic rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa. The metamorphic rocks give the Rb-Sr mineral isochron ages (whole-rock - biotite - felsic fractions) of 844±85 Ma and 811.6±6.6 Ma for the lower granulite zone and of 776.5±5.4 Ma for the upper granulite zone. The rocks yield the Sm-Nd mineral isochron ages of 1071±18 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) and 1067±158 Ma (whole-rock - hornblende - biotite rich fraction - felsic fractions) for the lower granulite zone and of 1052.0±3.6 Ma and 1002.5±1.4 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) for the upper granulite zone. These age data suggest that the granulite facies metamorphism took place at 1060-1000 Ma, and that the rocks cooled down at 850-780 Ma. The Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of metamorphic rocks are different between the lower and upper granulite zones.