滑坡滑动面位置的确定及超前预测

依据滑坡深部位移信息,分析滑坡“B”型、“D”型、“r”型变形特征，确定滑坡滑动面位置，提出了滑坡滑动面位置超前预测的位移矢量法。为系统分析及超前预测滑坡滑动面位置提供依据，为深入研究滑坡运动特征提供信息。     

数字滑坡技术及其典型应用

为了改变传统滑坡遥感技术方法效率低、调查精度难以提高的状况,经多年实践与探索,笔者于 1999 年提出了“数字滑坡”概念。该概念使传统的“地学滑坡”拓展为能以数字形式表达的,具有三维空间、“多维”时间信息的,由“多元”要素组成的“数字滑坡”。数字滑坡技术系统由滑坡解译基础技术、遥感识辨滑坡技术、滑坡数据库及滑坡模型4部分构成。多年来,数字滑坡技术已成功应用于我国大型水电站建设、山区交通线建设、区域开发环境治理以及抗震减灾等领域,也用于大规模个体滑坡调查研究,并取得了显著的经济和社会效益,有效服务于国家防灾减灾战略。该文主要以西藏帕里河及川东天台乡2个典型滑坡调查为例,阐述数字滑坡技术的创新应用。     

钻孔测斜成果曲线在贵州省晴隆滑坡稳定性判识中的应用

结合沪瑞国道主干线贵州境镇胜高速公路十八合同段晴隆滑坡深部位移监测曲线特征,总结归纳了滑坡深部累积位移曲线“V”型、“B”型、“r”型、“钟摆”型及“复合”型等几种,详细论述了常见的曲线特征类型及其研究意义,提出了依据滑坡深部位移监测成果资料判别滑坡动态变形特征及其稳定性的判识方法。     

云南彝良两河镇坪子滑坡成因及特征分析

2017年8月25日云南彝良县两河镇坪子村发生突发性滑坡,堆积体堵塞河道并形成两个堰塞湖。通过对滑坡现场进行详细的地质调查,结合无人机航拍手段,分析了滑坡成因及运动特征。结果表明:彝良坪子滑坡是在降雨不断渗流、孔隙水压力不断增大的作用下,岩土水理性质发生根本性变化,使得滑坡右侧顺层滑移,左侧沿断层带发生侧向剪切滑移,整体发生“楔形体”滑动,属典型的顺层平推式滑坡;“滑坡埂”的剪断是造成滑体骤然剧滑的根本,也是滑体中下部没有完全解体且保持一定结构特征的原因之一;滑坡经历了三次滑动,整个运动过程可概括为右侧顺层滑移—左侧“剪切滑移”—“滑坡埂”剪断、滑坡整体下滑—滑体“紧急刹车”以及堆积体“多次叠加堆积”。     

云南红河县龙然村滑坡成因分析及治理方案

云南红河县龙然村滑坡为—浅层牵引式破碎松散层滑坡,连续的降雨是诱发滑坡的主要因素.该滑坡的治理应采用“挡+排”的综合治理,“档”即在滑坡上缘设置抗滑桩、档板和毛石混凝土挡墙;“排”即沿滑坡顶、滑坡体两侧分别设置截水和排水沟,将地表水及雨水排出滑坡体外,以保证该滑坡体的稳定.     

四川省南江县陈家湾滑坡稳定性分析及防治建议

由于山体的特殊地质背景及人类工程活动,四川省南江县陈家湾滑坡在平面位置上以中间山梁为界分为Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号滑坡及潜在不稳定斜坡。通过地质灾害勘查,研究了滑坡特征及其地质成因机制,并进行了稳定性分析评价。结果表明：仅Ⅰ号滑坡在暴雨工况下处于欠稳定状态。根据滑坡地形特征、稳定性分析结果,结合保护对象,对Ⅰ号滑坡提出了“抗滑桩+截水沟”和“预应力锚索+抗滑短桩+截水沟”两种防治方案。通过对比分析,推荐“抗滑桩+截水沟”为实施方案。     

滑坡泥石流风险评估框架体系

滑坡泥石流灾害风险评估目前没有一个统一的概念体系和理论框架.从滑坡泥石流风险评估的基本概念出发,综合分析不确定性与灾害以及灾害与风险之间的关系,明确区分了“灾害体”、“灾害事件”和“灾害现象”三种含义,界定了灾害易发性、危险性和风险性的内涵.然后从这些明确的概念出发,提出了危险性和易损性的数学表达形式,由此构建了滑坡泥石流风险评估的理论框架,以期能够为今后的滑坡泥石流风险研究工作提供参考.     

宝鸡附近的两个滑坡现象

前言在工程地质工作中,滑坡是重要的物理地质现象之一。“滑坡”是岩石(包括土体)由于重力作用,而沿着山坡向下滑行的一种现象。这种现象的发生,大半与地表水及地下水的作用有关。滑坡不是突然发生的,而是经过很长的过程。有关滑坡的基本原理、滑坡调查方法和研究滑坡对国民经济的重要性,在许多苏联译本和“地质知识”1956年第4期陈萝熊工程师“滑坡的基本原理与滑坡类型”中已有专题介绍,不再论     

兴发集团原料库后山滑坡勘察研究与防治措施

1998年,兴发集团原料库后山发生了滑坡。为了达到“防”与“治”相结合的目的,对滑坡周界以外20m的范围进行了勘察研究,查明了滑坡范围、地层结构、主滑方向、平面上分块、纵向上分级、滑面位置、展布形态、滑带土的物理力学性质等滑坡要素,以及引起滑坡的主要因素。通过地质测绘、物探、槽探、钻探、井探及取土试验等综合勘探手段,对滑坡及相邻边坡的稳定性作出了合理的评价,获得了满足滑坡治理设计的参数,提出了具体的防治措施———施工抗滑挡墙和排水系统,收到了良好的防治效果。     

二陡崖滑坡的成因分析及治理

在查明二陡崖滑坡环境地质条件的基础上．对该滑坡“复活”的成因进行了分析,作者认为滑坡前端的挖方卸载是引发滑坡的主导因素,而水的作用加剧了滑坡的变形破坏。针对滑坡特征,结合工程实际,主要采用了抗滑桩、排水、监测等综合措施进行根治。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861