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南京地铁软-流塑淤泥质地层劈裂注浆试验研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
针对南京地铁南北线一期工程某区间隧道软—流塑地层的大管棚加小导管超前注浆预加固工程 ,对软—流塑淤泥质地层劈裂注浆加固的机理及主要影响因素进行了分析 ,对注浆效果、浆体材料及配比进行了试验研究。现场试验表明 ,采用劈裂注浆加固是可行的 ,且效果显著。 相似文献
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强夯砂土桩复合地基承载力的试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
借鉴砂井法加固粘性土地基的机理, 提出了用强夯砂土桩法加固饱和粉质粘土地基, 对某工程试夯区进行的现场试验表明,不仅砂土桩本身密实性好、强度高, 而且桩间土的物理力学性能也得到了很好的改善, 复合地基承载力得到了大幅提高。工程应用结果也证实加固效果显著。 相似文献
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粉喷桩工程性状试验研究 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13
对水泥加固土的工程特性进行了系统的研究。 现场开展了粉喷桩单桩及复合地基静载试验, 对粉喷桩复合地基承载力、桩土应力比及单桩荷载传递规律进行了分析和研究。取得了一些有益的结果, 这些结果对粉喷桩工程实践具有指导意义 相似文献
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强夯法加固岷江防洪堤粉土地基的效果检验 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
对宜宾市岷江防洪堤工程粉土地基进行了强夯法加固现场试验,介绍了试验区强夯法的施工设计和现场检测与室内试验结果。强夯法加固地基现场检测结果表明,采用1 600 kN?m的夯击能使该粉土地基有效加固深度达到8 m。 当夯点间距为5 m,强夯2遍,满夯1遍后,现场检测和取土实验结果表明:由于强夯作用,粉土层的干密度明显增加,压缩性和渗透性降低。在天然地基中,32.2 %的标准贯入击数小于5,强夯以后,标准贯入击数全部大于7。粉土地基经过强夯处理后,满足了防洪堤地基对承载力和渗透性的要求,消除了Ⅶ度地震液化势。采用正三角形夯点布置区的加固效果明显优于正方形夯点布置区的加固效果。 相似文献
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通过对已有组合梁刚度计算方法的分析研究,建立了不同剪切连接程度简支组合梁变形的简便计算方法。并将计算结果与实测结果相比较,吻合良好。根据本文的研究结果,可对钢-混凝土简支组合梁抗弯性能的进一步研究及理论分析提供参考。 相似文献
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Xu Yingzi Zhang Baiqing Tang Huiming 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2005,16(3):271-276
With the rapid development of water facilities, hydroelectric projects, highways and railways in China, beam-anchor reinforcement has been widely used to stabilize slopes in recent years. But the theory for the design of beam-anchor reinforcement is far behind the application. Cross beam-ground anchor reinforcement is a combination of beams and anchors forming a new structure to prevent slope sliding. The forces in the beams are discussed using theoretical analysis and numerical modeling. The Winkler model is used to analyze the beams, and reasonable values of λ, length, spacing and cantilevered length for the beams are determined through a theoretical analysis. A three-dimensional finite element method is adopted to model the interaction of the beams and soils and a structure analysis is applied to treat the beams and to study the stress distribution in external and internal beams. The analytical results show that it is better to satisfy λ≥2π, the spacing between anchors ls should be lsλ<π/2 and cantilever length should be (0.3-0.5)ls for the optimum design. The numerical results show that the same design can be used for all beams in different directions, including the internal and external beams. The application of the analytical method for reinforcement beam analysis is acceptable. It is better to choose a safety coefficient of 1.3 for design based on the analytical method for safety. 相似文献
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Discontinuous Modelling of Stratum Cave-in in a Longwall Coal Mine in the Arctic Area 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Mahdi Shabanimashcool Lanru Jing Charlie C. Li 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(5):1239-1252
This paper presents a discontinuous numerical approach for studying roof cave-in mechanisms and obtaining the required support capacity of longwall shields in a case study site, the Svea Nord coal mine in Svalbard. The block size in the roof strata and the mechanical parameters of the discontinuities for the numerical model were obtained through back-calculations. The back-calculations were conducted with a statistical method of design of experiment. Numerical simulations revealed that voussoir jointed beams are formed before the first cave-in occurs. The maximum deflection of a roof stratum in the study site prior to the first cave-in is about 70 % of the stratum thickness. The maximum span of the roof strata prior to the first cave-in depends upon the in situ horizontal stress state. The roof beams have a large stable span when they are subjected to high horizontal stress; but horizontal stress would increase the possibility of rock crushing in deflected roof beams. The simulations and field measurements show no periodic weighting on the longwall shields in the study site. Stiff and strong roof beams would result in large first and periodic cave-in distances. As a consequence of having large cave-in distances, the longwall shields must have high load capacity, which can be calculated by the presented numerical approach. 相似文献
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散粒体斜坡多发育于我国西部山区,由块度不一、黏粒含量较少的碎砾石土组成,由于胶结性差,遇雨水冲刷、风吹或人畜踩踏易失稳。传统坡面防护技术包括拦挡锚固和土工材料与植被构筑,新型护坡技术是结合了岩土材料加固和生态环境两方面所提出的新方法。本文中该新技术是指将浓度1.3%的改性钠羧甲基纤维素与边坡表层土拌合,后掺入植物纤维,喷洒到坡表形成加固层;加固层表面喷洒草籽,以达到边坡防护的目的。文章选择传统的护坡方法(格构和三维网)和新型土壤改良方法结合植草绿化技术对室外某散粒体斜坡进行加固处理,以天然斜坡为参照,统计降雨冲刷和径流冲刷后边坡表面侵蚀破坏、入渗和植被破坏特征,对比不同护坡方式的应用效果。试验结果表明:每个斜坡辅之相同的植草条件下,对比降雨和放水冲刷试验后各边坡的侵蚀破坏特征可以发现,材料改良植草边坡侵蚀弱,产沙量小,作用层能减缓雨水下渗,提高植被存活率和降低植被倒伏率,其效果优于三维网植草护坡和格构植草护坡。 相似文献
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为探究植入式光纤传感器与隧道衬砌的应变传递的边界效应,分别从理论、试验和现场应用3个方面进行研究,并在实际工程中进行了验证。构建了光纤在混凝土衬砌中的应变传递模型,进行光纤应变传递机制分析,计算了光纤应变传递效率,并与数值计算结果对比,验证了力学计算模型的准确性。使用钢筋混凝土梁模拟隧道的混凝土衬砌,在其表面植入分布式光纤,进行了2组试验。对试验梁进行分级加载并使用BOFDA技术对光纤进行测试。试验结果表明:植入式光纤传感器存在边界效应,结构两端为光纤的低效率应变传递区,不能完全传递试验梁的应变;试验梁中部为光纤的高效率应变传递区,能够完全传递试验梁的应变。基于以上研究成果,在北京市新机场线地铁暗挖隧道CRD工法区间,采用植入式工艺在隧道衬砌内布设了分布式光纤传感器,进行了工程应用研究。监测结果表明,边界效应对工程监测结果影响很小,分布埋入式光纤布设工艺是可行的。该研究可为分布式光纤技术在地下工程结构监测中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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Laboratory testing of rectangular beams using a synthetic rock was used to investigate the onset of dilation and spalling.
The beams are axially compressed and subjected to 4-point bending to provide non-uniform compressive stresses. The maximum
tangential stress occurs at the top of the beam and rapidly decreases with distance from the top of the beam. This stress
distribution was used to simulate the maximum tangential stress distribution found around circular excavations. The results
showed using this beam test configuration that the onset of dilation based on beam displacement and visually observed spalling
began at approximately the same stress level. Discrete element numerical analyses (particle flow code) were used to evaluate
the stress path at various locations in the beams. The analyses revealed that spalling and dilation in the beams occurred
well below the peak strength failure envelope determined from conventional laboratory tests. The findings suggest that the
onset of dilation in laboratory tests appears to be a good indicator for assessing the stress magnitudes required to initiate
spalling. 相似文献
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对构件和结构损伤后的力学性能变化研究一直是世界各国学者十分关注的问题。从现有文献得知,大多研究者以损伤力学及断裂力学为基本理论,按照等效应变原理研究结构及构件的损伤。作者根据等效刚度原理定义损伤程度,对损伤采用损伤位置、损伤程度和损伤长度三个参数来描述,从材料力学平面弯曲理论出发,运用小变形的平面弯曲挠曲线近似微分方程,并引入损伤程度的定义,推导出恒载作用下损伤梁转角和挠度方程的隐含表达式。对悬臂损伤梁进行了各种损伤情况下转角和挠度数值计算结果的对比分析,总结出了其位移变化规律。本研究的目的是为了充分有效地认识损伤梁的性能变化,期望为结构的健康检测、损伤识别理论研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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考虑基础刚度影响的风机梁板式桩筏基础模型试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
梁板式桩筏基础作为新型风机基础,前景广阔,适当优化结构,可节约成本。采用大型室内模型试验,研究了梁板式桩筏基础在不同筏板刚度情况下的受力变形特性,同时讨论了桩土荷载分担比的关系。研究表明,在工作荷载范围内,适当增大筏板刚度,桩平均轴力增加,外圈桩承担的荷载增大,内圈桩的轴力减小,环梁及肋梁弯矩减小,但继续增加刚度,对桩身轴力、环梁弯矩、肋梁弯矩的影响并不大;随着荷载的增大,土体承担的荷载比逐步增大,趋于稳值。随着梁板式基础刚度增加,基础内外差异沉降减少,但是达到一定刚度后再增加刚度对变形影响较小。梁板式基础刚度的变化会影响基底反力分布的均匀性,且存在一个最优刚度,使基础底部反力分布最为均匀,本次试验中12梁的梁板式基础基底反力比6梁和实体基础更均匀。桩基的分布和梁的分布存在相互影响,改变梁的分布会影响桩顶力,而桩基在梁底下又会使梁的应力产生重新分布。研究成果可为设计桩筏基础提供参考依据。 相似文献
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将框架梁在张拉阶段或工作阶段时纵梁与横梁的破坏、梁的正截面与斜截面的破坏以及锚杆的破坏等主要失效模式视为串联系统,提出了框架预应力锚索的分阶段系统可靠性计算模型。在张拉阶段,将锚索力按照位移协调和静力平衡的原则分配在纵、横梁上,然后按Winkler弹性地基梁模型分别计算单片梁的内力;在工作阶段,将侧向土压力系数视为随机变量,框架梁视为土压力作用下的简支梁来计算其内力。基于各失效模式功能函数之间的相关系数矩阵,导出了预应力锚索框架的系统可靠性计算方法并编制了计算程序。对某工程实例的计算结果表明,预应力锚索框架的失效概率主要由纵梁在工作阶段和张拉阶段的正截面失效概率及锚杆的失效概率三者共同决定,而假设此3种失效模式相互独立的系统失效概率与考虑失效模式相关性的系统失效概率误差为8.1%。 相似文献