矿业城市的产业转型--以德国鲁尔区为例

矿业城市是一种特殊类型的城市,它是依托资源开发成长起来的。在我国目前建制市中,矿业城市约占五分之一左右,如石油城市大庆、钢铁城市鞍山、煤炭城市大同等。建国以来这些城市为现代化建设做出了巨大贡献,但是正因为矿业城市是伴随着大规模的资源     

浙江地理信息产业发展战略研究

一、引言 当前,新一代信息技术的进步极大地促进了生产力的发展,由此推动着生产方式的革命性变革,全球经济进入互联网驱动的信息化时代.加快发展信息经济是顺应经济转型发展的必然趋势,     

用阶梯式发展论指导矿业城市转型

正矿业城市转型问题自1997年河南平顶山第一矿次矿业城市发展论坛面向全国矿业城市提出以来,在党中央、国务院的重视下,在全国矿业城市共同努力下,已取得了重要进展。为了进一步推进矿业城市转型工作,本文拟从阶梯式发展论这个角度就有关矿业城市转型问题谈点认识和意见。     

浅谈新形势下苗木产业的转型升级之路

<正>粮食安全问题是"国之大者",浙江省委、省政府高度重视,严格贯彻落实中央要求,牢牢守住耕地保护红线。在此形势下,苗木主产区产业发展面临着新任务新要求新挑战。一、新形势对苗木产业的影响地少人多的基本国情决定了耕地是中国最为宝贵的资源,必须实施最严格的耕地保护制度。"七山一水二分田"是对浙江地貌的概括。在这里,每一亩耕地都弥足珍贵,每一分田都必须发挥价值。浙江通过稳定总量、政策支持、技术帮扶等手段,提高粮食产量,对非法占用耕地、破坏耕地等行为严令禁止,积极落实最严格的耕地保护制度。     

平湖市出台“腾笼换鸟”专项行动实施方案加速产业转型升级

为深入实施“两退两进”和“四换三名”工程,打造平湖经济“升级版”,近日平湖市出台了《2014年年度“腾龙换鸟”专项行动实施方案》,进一步加快推进产业结构调整机制创新试点工作。《方案》要求,通过构建“差别化政策引导机制、落后产能淘汰退出常态化机制、新建项目准入标准动态调整机制”三大机制,形成“退低”与“进高”相互协调、互促共进的良性发展态势,完成“腾退建设用地2000亩,直接收回土地800亩,年底闲置土地处置率达到90％以上”的年度目标。《方案》提出了2014年“腾笼换鸟”专项行动六大工作重点。     

资源型城市转型的探索之路

正资源型城市转型与可持续发展是我国现代化建设进程中的重大战略问题,也是一个世界性难题。在国内,如何实现资源型城市原有产业再升级、新产业层级的构建,科学合理地转型,一直是资源型城市管理者十分纠结的问题,也是一些业内专家及学界人士持续多年的关注点。早在2001年,国务院在辽宁阜新市开展了全国首个资源枯竭城市经济转型试点。此后,国家先后分3批界定了69个资源枯竭城市,山东枣庄、辽宁阜新、甘肃白银涵括其中。     

转型有规律模式各不同——发达国家矿业城市的转型之路

英国伯明翰: 以服务业为中心,向非工业化城市转型 伯明翰是一座典型的煤炭城市,曾享有长达一个半世纪的"世界工厂"之名.直至上世纪70年代,伯明翰的就业人口中仍有近半数捧的是制造业的饭碗,至2003年,这一比例已下降到20%,预计到2010年将继续下降到10%.20世纪70～80年代,伯明翰经历了向非工业化城市转型的漫长历程.     

浙江测绘地理信息档案工作数字化转型的探索与实践

自2017年以来,浙江省委省政府深入贯彻“数字浙江”战略部署,大力实施数字经济“一号工程”。发展“数字经济”的首要任务是“数字化转型”,实现测绘地理信息档案工作的数字化转型,最核心的就是要转变管理和服务方式。按照习近平总书记对档案工作批示的“四个好”和“两个服务”目标要求,对照浙江省“十四五”自然资源及档案事业发展规划,浙江省测绘地理信息档案工作坚持以数字化转型发展为抓手。     

关于永嘉县工业转型与平台拓展整合的思考

永嘉县的工业发展,经历了20世纪50年代(建国初)的工业化前期、70年代(改革开放初期)的萌芽时期、80年代的成长时期、90年代初的成熟时期。2000年之后,永嘉县工业进入提升时期,但是因为市场衰弱、土地约束、技术滞后、创新受阻、资本投机、脱实向虚等一系列因素,导致该县工业发展面临瓶颈:近年工业产值和利润面临下行压力,产业结构转型有待进一步加快,传统优势产业增长乏力,亟待转型,新型产业发展动力亟待培育;工业用地产出效率不高,亟待通过用地整合,提升土地利用效率,破解产业发展土地空间制约。     

国家信息化与地理信息产业

<正>地理信息产业、地理信息技术是支撑国家地理信息化非常重要的技术。进一步了解国家信息化,对于发展地理信息产业有很重要的意义。一、关于国家信息化人类社会已进入信息化社会。2005年在突尼斯召开的第二次信息社会世界峰会上,各个元首重申,"建设一个以人为本,具有包容性和面向发展的信息社会的愿望和承     

香港城市环境遥感综合研究

本文针对香港复杂的地理环境特征,以多平台的航天遥感信息为数据源,分析研究香港特区的植被类型及其空间变化、土地利用的空间分布与区域差异,为香港城市规划提供基础数据。     

The land resource and landuse of Hong Kong

The urban development is a decisive factor for the landuse of the territory of Hong Kong, as a realm of a world city. A speed-up change of the landuse structure of Hong Kong and some contradictions in the landuse have been revealed after a brief mentioning of the characteristics of the limited land resources of Hong Kong. Hong Kong consists of peninsula and islands dominated by hilly terrain in south subtropical zone, 84% of the total area is slope, unfavorable for urban and agricultural development, only 16% is small plains. The land is barren and water resource is very limited. Urban landuse is taken as the dominant factor. Due to the expansion of the scale of the urban development, and the limitation of the land resource, there is a high degree of the urban land utilization, but the proportions of commercial and industrial landuse are not high, only 1.3% of the total developed land is used for commerce, 6.0% for manufacture industries, the road and railway lands amount to 14.6%. The great efforts were made in reclamation and construction of reservoirs in order to add land and water resources. The arable lands were reduced heavily and the farmlands were wasted seriously. The author proposed some view points on the present and future landuse in Hong Kong as follows: 1) the urban landuse remains as a guiding factor in the landuse of the whole territory of Hong Kong; 2) one of the problems is the fondness for the reconstruction of the old city, loosening up on the new town development; 3) the reclamation is not only very costly, but also causing some negative effects on the eco-environment; 4) the problem of the protection of the farmlands against wasting should be seriously; 5) the development and the landuse for the construction in Hong Kong should be considered with the relationship with the inland, especially Guangdong Province; 6) fully use the convenient condition of the territorial linkage of the city with the mainland, further to bring the role of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone into fully play for solving the landuse problems in the development of Hong Kong. The author is very grateful to Dr. David K. Y. Chu and Dr. Roger Chan for their comments and to Professor Gu Chaolin and Mr. Hu Tianxin for their helps in data collection.     

The land resource and landuse of Hong Kong

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Hong kong direct investment in china’s mainland: A spatial study with special reference to the locational behaviour of investors

The study shows that the regional differentiation of Hong Kong direct investment (HKDI) in China was enlarged in the 1980s and has been reducing since 1991. The concentration of HKDI in the southern China and the coast has been replaced by the trend of moving northwards and inlandwards after 1989. But in terms of manufacturing sectors this trend has not clearly appeared until now. Those changing patterns are clearly related to the behaviour of Hong Kong industrial investors. The survey results suggest that “enjoying lower production cost” is the most important motive for their investment in China. In consequence, “close to Hong Kong”, “cheaper labour” and “favourable policy” are major factors for determining the investment locations. This behaviour, together with the lack of comparison study in location selection among most investors, explains that Guangdong absorbed most Hong Kong investment in the 1980s. As the production costs have been increasing in Guangdong, some companies have started to invest in non-Guangdong locations since the end of the 1980s. From the mental map of Hong Kong investors, however, only some of the non-Guangdong locations are practically attractive. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and the University Graduates Association (Hong Kong). The author gratefully acknowledges the help from Professors Kam-hon Lee and Yue-man Yeung and Dr. David Chu at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Mr. Chai-ming Mak at Electricity Advisory Services Limited (HK) during the early stage of the study.     

加强CEPA框架下的粤港澳海洋事业合作

海洋经济在粤、港、澳经济中具有十分重要的地位，港、澳回归以后，三地海洋事业合作的内在需求得到充分表达。CEPA破除地方贸易保护和改进贸易合作创造了新机遇。建议以8个重点领域的海洋合作作为CEPA扩展的内容。     

Industrial structural changes in Hong Kong, China under one country, two systems framework

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated business and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region,since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems (OCTS) in 1997.This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial structural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities.The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland’s cities as the rise of China,the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world will brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.     

香港地区顾及高度改正的加权平均温度模型

选用2012~2017年Kings Park 站探空资料,基于迭代最小二乘方法构建2种香港地区顾及高度改正的加权平均温度模型--T_m_hk1和T_m_hk2,并利用2018年探空资料对模型在香港地区的精度和适用性进行评估。结果表明,在香港地区,依赖测站温度的T_m_hk1模型具有较高的精度,年均偏差优于0.3 K,均方根误差优于1.8 K,与Bevis公式和GPT2w模型相比,T_m_hk1模型的精度分别提升35.4%和29.7%;而不依赖气象参数的T_m_hk2模型与GPT2w模型的精度相当,年均方根误差均优于2.5 K,Bevis公式的精度最差(RMS为2.7 K),且具有较大负偏差(bias为－1.8 K)。从季节性分析可知,Bevis公式、T_m_hk2 和GPT2w模型精度具有明显的季节性变化,总体为夏季精度较高(RMSE为1.3~2.2 K),冬季精度较低(RMSE为3.0~4.4 K);T_m_hk1模型在各季节均具有最高精度（RMSE为1.4~2.4 K）和适用性。     

A model for analyzing the transshipment competition relationship between the port of Hong Kong and the port of Kaohsiung

The transshipment is an important issue in the current marine transportation. This paper constructed a mathematical programming model to elaborate the transshipment port selection for the shipping company. This model is tested by the data collected from the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung. The results show that this model can be used to explain the transshipment competition relationship between the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung well. A sensitivity analysis was also executed. The sensitivity analysis results showed that both the port of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung should decrease the charges of port and increase the efficiency of loading and discharging. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, some interesting conclusions and helpful suggestions were obtained for the managers of the ports of Hong Kong and Kaohsiung to improve their port management.     

建立信息产业统计学的若干基本问题探讨

发展信息产业,需要对信息产业的现状及其未来发展趋势有清晰的认识,需要设置统一的统计指标体系和分析方法,建立信息产业统计学.论述了建立信息产业统计若干基本理论问题.     

底拖网作业对珠江口香港海域底层鱼类的影响

【目的】研究底拖网作业对珠江口香港海域底层鱼类的影响。【方法】根据2007-2009年及2014-2016年在珠江口香港海域进行的定点底拖网调查数据,分析该海域在禁止底拖网捕捞实施前后鱼类种类组成及生物量和生态多样性指数,评估5种典型底层鱼类资源的变化。【结果与结论】该海域捕获鱼类种类数在禁止底拖网作业后明显增加,鱼类种类数量从44种升至73种。种类丰富度指数D变化范围为:2007至2009年,4.937~5.711,2014至2016年,6.559~7.074;多样性指数H'变化范围为:2007至2009年,1.945~2.841,2014至2016年,2.220~2.381;均匀度指数J变化范围为:2007至2009年,0.539~0.776,2014至2016年,0.557~0.600。卵鳎Solea ovata、韦式羊舌鮃Arnoglossus waitei、尖嘴魟Dasyatis zugei这3种底层鱼类禁止底拖网实施后在数量(number)和生物量(biomass)上都增幅明显。不同站位数量和生物量的数值在“禁拖令”实施后也都有所增加,其中以站位2(大屿山以北,较靠近香港国际机场海域)增加最为显著。