无粘结部分预应力混凝土框架抗震性能试验研究

本文通过两榀框架梁按不同预应力度配置无粘结预应力盘和非预应力筋的“强柱弱梁”型无粘结部分预应力混凝土框架在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究，探讨其包括裂缝分布、破坏形态。极限承载力、无粘结筋应力变化、位移延性、耗能能力、恢复力特性等工作性能，并进一步分析了影响此类结构抗震性能的主要因素，为无粘结部分预应力混凝土框架在地震设防区域的应用提供参考。     

无粘结部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架抗震性能试验研究

本文通过两榀按不同预应力度配置无粘结预应力筋、非预应力筋的“强柱弱梁”型无粘结部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究，探讨其包括裂缝分布、破坏形态、极限承载力、无粘结筋应力变化、位移延性、耗能能力等工作性能。     

高层建筑振动周期计算可靠性分析

高层建筑振动周期计算是，高层建筑结构抗震设计的主要计算内容之一，文中论述了高层建筑结构振动周期计算的可靠性，并用具体数值算例研究了计算模型和结构参数随机变化高层建筑振动周期计算可靠性和频谱变化的影响。     

设置无粘结钢筋的铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能试验研究

针对铁路少筋混凝土重力式桥墩的延性不足和抗震耗能能力较差的问题,本文提出了一种兼顾改善桥墩延性与强度的抗震措施,即在墩身底部设置局部纵向无粘结钢筋,其余墩身部分的纵向钢筋保持不变。共设计了4个桥墩模型,通过拟静力试验研究了配筋率和粘结方式对少筋混凝土重力式桥墩抗震性能的影响。结果表明：无粘结模型桥墩的破坏形式为弯曲破坏。与完全粘结的模型桥墩相比,未粘结模型桥墩的滞回曲线更加饱满,桥墩的延性性能和耗能能力均得到了显著提高,且采用无粘结方式对于低配筋率模型桥墩的延性及累积耗能的提高更加明显。配筋率对模型桥墩的刚度退化速率影响较大,且高配筋率的无粘结模型桥墩的刚度退化比低配筋率明显。     

寒冷地区无粘结预应力混凝土梁的抗弯与疲劳强度研究

针对我国行业标准《无粘结预应力混凝土结构技术规程》(以下简称《规程》)中,对无粘结预应力筋的极限应力设计取值规定的不足,根据大量的试验数据,推导出了适用于桥梁工程的无粘结预应力混凝土上部结构多种截面形式的无粘结筋极限应力增量实用简化计算方法。同时根据试验结果得出无粘结预应力混凝土受弯构件在反复荷载作用下的性能是可靠的结论。     

无粘结RC加固铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能试验

为研究无粘结RC加固受损铁路重力式桥墩的抗震性能,制作1个配筋率为0.2%的桥墩缩尺模型进行拟静力试验,破坏后采用无粘结RC进行加固。对加固前后的模型进行低周往复荷载试验,对比分析桥墩加固前后的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化及墩顶残余位移等抗震性能指标。结果表明：采用无粘结RC进行墩底局部加固可有效地提高桥墩的耗能能力,...     

高压电气设备抗震可靠性分析方法

提出了基于反应谱理论的高压电气设备抗震可靠性分析模型与计算方法。利用极大值分布理论反映地震动的随机过程特性,结合一次二阶矩阵理论建立了可以同时反映地震动变异特性与高压电气设备材料变异特性的高压电气设备抗震可靠性分析方法。应用这一方法,可以系统地进行高压电气设备的抗震可靠性分析,计算出高压电气设备在不同烈度、不同场地条件下的抗震可靠性指标与可靠概率。所得结果可为高压电气设备抗震性能评价与电力系统抗震     

高温后足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板力学性能研究

针对足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板高温后的抗弯承栽力开展了非线性计算分析。结果表明,综合配筋指标、有效预应力对高温后极限弯矩与常温下极限弯矩比值M_u~A/M_u的影响不大,预应力度和预应力筋的保护层厚度对M_u~A/M_u影响显著。高宽比近似相同的有粘结预应力混凝土梁,当第一排钢筋的保护层厚度相同时,受火时间为3 h,高度为700 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度最大约为30%,高度为4500 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度不到10%,高温后大尺度梁的力学性能优于小尺度梁。给出了考虑预应力筋保护层厚度和预应力度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土板M_u~A/M_u的计算公式,以及综合考虑预应力筋、非预应力筋合力点到梁底距离和预应力筋梁侧保护层厚度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土梁M_u~A/M_u的计算公式。     

预应力混凝土渡槽抗震性能的试验研究

基于预应力混凝土渡槽的低周反复荷载试验,对其受力过程、破坏形态、滞回曲线、刚度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能进行了研究与分析。试验结果表明：预应力混凝土渡槽的破坏形态为弯剪破坏,滞回曲线在加载的初期阶段表现出一定的捏拢效应,滞回曲线总体呈明显的梭形,且较为丰满,耗能能力强,抗震性能优良;配筋合适的预应力混凝土渡槽在加载初期对裂缝控制具有良好的表现,渡槽整体具有良好的延性;在整个加载过程中,渡槽试件的刚度退化明显,刚度退化主要集中在开裂后至屈服这一阶段。     

多层多跨部分预应力混凝土框架结构抗震延性设计方法的探讨

本文在前人研究基础上,对部分预应力混凝土框架结构延性二次设计作了进一步研究,将塑性铰出铰顺序引入计算。并用这种方法对部分预应力混凝土框架结构进行了分析,由此对部分预应力混凝土框架结构抗震设计提出一些实用建议。     

部分无黏结预制预应力混凝土框架及其节点抗震能力研究

首先介绍了采用后张预应力筋将预制梁和柱构件拼装在一起组成的框架结构的基本形式及特点,接下来对两榀预制框架中节点进行了低周反复加载试验研究,并对一榀三层两跨框架结构进行了弹塑性静力分析,试验和理论分析结果表明经过合理设计的部分无黏结预制预应力混凝土框架结构能够满足抗震设防的要求,且卸载后残余变形较小,具有较强的恢复性能。     

预应力管式空心板柱结构抗震性能试验研究

通过一四层无粘结预应力现浇混凝土空心板柱结构的1/4比例模型的模拟地震振动台试验,对其在弹性和弹塑性阶段的抗震性能以及在El Centro地震动不同峰值加速度作用下的地震反应和受力过程进行了研究.对无黏结预应力现浇混凝土空心板柱结构的破坏形态、滞同性能、骨架曲线、恢复力模型、延性、刚度退化、耗能能力进行了比较深入的分析...     

Load history-based model for prestressed concrete beam damage evaluation

The residual capability of a damaged structure to resist further load is essential in optimal seismic design and post-earthquake strengthening. An experimental study on the hysteretic characteristics of prestressed concrete frame beams under different loading histories was performed to explore the influence of load history on energy dissipation and failure characteristics of the member. Based on the test results, the failure of the beam is def ined, and the relationship between the failure moment under cyclic load and from the skeleton curve is formulated. Finally, based on displacement and energy dissipation, a model for prestressed concrete beam damage-failure evaluation is developed. In this model, the effect of deformation level, cumulative dissipated energy, and loading history on prestressed concrete beam damage–failure is incorporated, thus it is applicable to stochastic earthquake forces.     

Damping estimation of high-rise buildings considering structural modal directions

One widespread problem in damping estimation of high-rise buildings is the neglect of structural modal directions, which may induce beating in measured dynamic responses along building geometric axes and thereby induce errors in damping estimations to some extent. Based on a proposed two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) simulation model, the effects of neglecting the modal directions on damping estimate are systematically investigated. The results show that the angular differences between the modal directions and the building geometric axes, as well as the frequency difference between the involved modes, both have significant effects on the damping estimate of high-rise buildings. This paper proposes a spectral method to determine the modal directions of high-rise buildings and further validate this method by an analysis of full-scale measurements from four skyscrapers. The damping ratios estimated based on the responses along the identified modal directions are more accurate than those based on those measured along the building geometric axes. Furthermore, an empirical prediction model for damping ratio of high-rise buildings with heights over 200 m is proposed based on the field measured damping results of several buildings with consideration of the modal directions. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of damping estimation of high-rise buildings and therefore provide useful information for the structural design of future skyscrapers.     

底部框剪-组合墙多层房屋抗震变形分析

研究了底部框剪多层砖房在地震作用下的弹塑性变形状态,研究了框剪层与相邻砌体结构层的层间侧移刚度比对层间变形的影响。     

预应力混凝土结构非线性地震反应分析

本文针对预应力混凝土与普通混凝土不同的受力特点,提出了适合于分析预应力混凝土结构抗震性能的非线性有限元模型。模型首先将混凝土结构离散为杆单元,然后对各杆单元按分层组合原理分成许多混凝土层、预应力钢筋层和普通钢筋层,计算混凝土分层单元、预应力钢筋和普通钢筋的应力和应变,最后,根据钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结－滑移关系高速钢筋变形,根据混凝土弹性模量调整结构及杆单元变形,通过对普通混凝土构件和三个预应力混凝     

Seismic loss estimation of non‐ductile reinforced concrete buildings

Non‐ductile reinforced concrete buildings represent a prevalent construction type found in many parts of the world. Due to the seismic vulnerability of such buildings, in areas of high seismic activity non‐ductile reinforced concrete buildings pose a significant threat to the safety of the occupants and damage to such structures can result in large financial losses. This paper introduces advanced analytical models that can be used to simulate the nonlinear dynamic response of these structural systems, including collapse. The state‐of‐the‐art loss simulation procedure developed for new buildings is extended to estimate the expected losses of existing non‐ductile concrete buildings considering their vulnerability to collapse. Three criteria for collapse, namely first component failure, side‐sway collapse, and gravity‐load collapse, are considered in determining the probability of collapse and the assessment of financial losses. A detailed example is presented using a seven‐story non‐ductile reinforced concrete frame building located in the Los Angeles, California. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Uncoupled rocking and shear base-mechanisms for resilient reinforced concrete high-rise buildings

High-rise buildings are an efficient solution to meet the housing challenges of global urbanization that is happening at an incredible pace. Code-based seismic design philosophies are aimed at achieving collapse-prevention under major earthquakes, implying extensive structural damage associated with important losses. A number of high-performance systems have been investigated for enhancing the resilience of high-rise buildings whose design is especially challenging due to higher-mode effects even when a flexural mechanism is formed at the base of the structure. To this end, this paper proposes a new concept consisting of a three-dimensional uncoupled rocking and shear mechanism system for high-rise buildings where reinforced concrete (RC) core walls are used as the lateral-force-resisting system. The proposed system provides a dual-mechanism at the base that independently limits both overturning moments (OTMs) and shear forces and thus more effectively mitigates higher-mode effects. The characteristic mechanics of the proposed system are first studied through an idealized model. A physical embodiment is then designed, detailed, and validated through advanced models and extensive nonlinear dynamic analyses. A 42-story RC core-wall building that is located in Los Angeles and was studied as part of the PEER Tall Buildings Initiative is used as a reference structure in this study. Results confirmed that the proposed system eliminates damage at the base of the walls and minimizes the inelastic demands over the height of the building. In a general sense, the proposed concept provides a framework in which the intended dual mechanism can be implemented to a wider range of high-rise structures.