Che5.0测图系统与MapInfo数据接口方法的探讨

简要地介绍了Che数据文本格式及MapInfo的交换文件格式Mif／Mid，详细地阐述了Che测图系统与MapInfo地理信息系统的数据接口方法及实现途径，对实现数字测图系统与GIS的数据接口有一定的借鉴作用。     

海陆空间信息一体化集成技术研究

将国际标准与国内电子海图技术实践相结合,通过对各类数据源集成研究,建立了多元空间数据通用调显引擎,实现了CDC海图数据、地形图数据、S-57标准数据、遥感影像数据、DNC数据、MapInfo数据等陆海空统一的数字图源调用与显示,为融合各类数据源提供了一个基础技术平台。     

MapInfo在黄河口拦门沙研究中的应用

根据MapInfo所具有的功能特点,讨论了MapInfo在黄河口拦门沙中的应用.在黄河口拦门沙的研究中,通过使用MapInfo软件,使我们对拦门沙的研究从定性走向定量,从简单的文字描述达到直观的地图展示,为拦门沙的研究提供了一种新的手段.     

一种无拓扑矢量数据快速压缩算法

首先论述了传统矢量数据压缩算法 :道格拉斯 -普克法 ,分析将其应用于多边形边界数据压缩所造成的图形失真现象 ,在此基础上提出了一种针对无拓扑矢量数据的快速压缩算法 ,并用实际的MapInfo矢量数据来检核该算法的可靠性。     

大黄鱼溶藻弧菌病组织中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子的检测及意义

本文应用免疫组织化学方法,对健康大黄鱼和患溶藻弧菌病大黄鱼组织中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)蛋白进行了检测,以研究溶藻弧菌病大黄鱼组织中MIF的表达情况及其对预后的影响。结果表明,MIF在健康大黄鱼头肾、脾、肠各组织中均无表达;MIF在溶藻弧菌病大黄鱼各组织中高表达,表达强度从弱到强依次是肠、脾、头肾,MIF表达阳性率分别为:56%、64%、92%。推测MIF在大黄鱼溶藻弧菌病发病中发挥重要作用。     

基于GIS的罗源湾海洋环境管理信息系统

本文以提高海洋环境管理的空间信息处理查询功能为目的，以MapInfo(GIS软件)为开发平台，以VB和MapBasic为二次开发语言，建立罗源湾海洋环境管理信息系统。通过界面友好的管理信息系统来实现海洋调查数据输入、处理及结果输出等功能，使其海洋环境管理信息能更形象、直观地反映出来，为罗源湾环境管理、规划提供技术支持。     

多元数字海图应用关键技术研究

按照海上部队作战的需要和武器装备的特点引入数字海图技术,完成各类海图数据源的集成,形成由 CDC 海图数据、军用陆图数据、IHO S-57 国际标准数据、遥感影像数据、美军 DNC 数据、商用的 MapInfo 数据等组成的,海陆空统一的数字海图调用与显示平台,实现不同数据源的管理、存储、查询等方式的一致性。 把数字海图国际标准与国内电子海图的技术实践相结合,首次实现了自主知识版权的同一平台上多元海图数据的同时调显。 按照完备性、简单性、规范性的原则,对解析数据采用面向对象的数据组织方法,首次实现了美军 DNC 数据与 IHO S-57 模型的融合。 按照 SIMS 技术体系,首次建立了与数字海图相关的空间数据通用调显引擎,实现了多元海图数据的集成。 以四叉树索引模型为基础,建立了高效的 SENC 体系,实现了海量空间数据的管理与调度,达到了全球数据调显的实用化。 对平台内含所有数据(矢量、栅格)采用加密技术,通过数据、平台、硬件的三级绑定,使得数据的版权得到了充分的保护,并达到了军用数据的保密要求。 为我军研制与海图相关的各类舰载、机载、指挥导航等应用系统打下坚实的基础,为融合外版的电子海图提供了技术保障平台。     

GRADS背景地图文件的制作及使用方法

介绍了一种从栅格地图到GRADS背景地图的制作及使用方法。首先通过Mapinfo工具软件配准栅格地图并矢量化,再输出可供交换使用的MIF明码格式数据文件;然后利用FORTRAN编程语言提取地图信息数据,并严格按照GRADS背景地图文件的格式要求输出到文件,其中特别提到了制作过程中需要注意的重要细节;最后简要说明了如何在...     

黄鳍金枪鱼巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）的克隆与序列分析

采用同源克隆的方法、利用RACE技术从黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)肝脏中克隆了其MIF(TaMIF)的cDNA序列.TaMIF的cDNA全长706 bp含一个345 bp的开放阅读框,编码一个长115氨基酸的蛋白质.信号肽预测分析表明TaMIF没有信号肽.序列分析与进化分析表明,黄鳍金枪鱼与近海养殖鱼类MIF的氨基酸序列高度相似、进化地位相近,预示着深海鱼类TaMIF与近海养殖鱼类具有相似的生物学功能.研究结果是对深海鱼类MIF基因信息资料的重要补充.     

四种重金属对刺参幼参的急性致毒效应

采用静水试验法,在水温18.5℃~20℃的条件下,用Cu2 ,Zn2 ,Cd2 和Cr6 四种重金属对刺参幼参进行了单一急性毒性试验。结果表明:Cu2 对刺参幼参的24h,48h,72h和96hLC50分别为0.299,0.176,0.133和0.120mg/L;Zn2 的24h,48h,72h和96hLC50分别为6.700,3.624,2.577和1.951mg/L;Cd2 的24h,48h和72hLC50分别为4.246,2.588和2.137mg/L;Cr6 的24h,48h和72hLC50分别为31.974,7.499和3.808mg/L;Cu2 ,Zn2 ,Cd2 和Cr6 对刺参幼参的安全浓度分别为0.018,0.362,0.259和0.750mg/L。四种重金属对刺参幼参的毒性大小依次为Cu2 >Cd2 >Zn2 >Cr6 。     

海洋中β-二甲基巯基丙酸内盐降解过程的研究进展

二甲基硫(DMS)是海水中一种最重要的、含量最丰富的还原态挥发性生源有机硫化物,前体β-二甲基巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)的降解过程受各种因素影响。其中主要包括温度、DMSP的浓度、氧气、盐度、酸度、颗粒粒度、藻类生长期、季节变化、氧化压力、抑制剂等。它们均与DMSP降解速率呈一定的函数关系,并对DMSP的降解产物产生影响。藻类是DMSP的主要来源,因此着重讨论了温度、盐度、酸度等对不同浮游植物细胞内DMSP与DMS生物生产和转化过程的影响。结合海洋硫循环的研究现状和海洋化学发展的趋势,探究了用颗粒态DMSP与Chla的比率来量化碳和硫通量的方法及DMSP裂解酶活性的检验技术。大气中CO2压力持续增加导致的海洋酸化对藻类中DMSP降解过程的影响也是进一步研究的重点。     

Tracing dissolved organic matter cycling in the eastern boundary of the temperate North Atlantic using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy

Apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption spectra, and CDOM fluorescence characteristic of aromatic amino acids (excitation/emission 280 nm/320 nm; F(280/320)) and marine-humic like substances (320 nm/410 nm; F(320/410)) were measured in full depth during a cruise in the temperate Eastern North Atlantic (ENA). An optimum multi-parameter (OMP) inverse method was run to calculate water mass proportion-weighted average (archetypal) concentrations of these chemical parameters for all water masses and samples. Archetypal concentrations retain the variability due to water mass mixing and basin scale mineralization from the water mass formation sites to the study area. Conversely, the difference between measured and archetypal concentrations, retain the variability due to dissimilarities in mineralization processes within the study area. Our analysis indicates that DOC supported 26±3% of the AOU in the dark temperate ENA and that basin scale processes occurring at and from the formation area of the water masses explained 63% of the total DOC variability. Our data also suggests that DOC remineralized at the basin scale was of lower molecular weight, and with a lower proportion of fluorescent aromatic amino acids than found within the study area. The relationship between the absorption coefficient at 254 nm (a_CDOM(254)) and AOU indicates that a_CDOM(254) was consumed during organic matter remineralization in the dark ocean, with 55% of the variability being explained by basin scale processes. The relationships of F(320/410) with AOU and DOC confirmed that marine humic-like substances are produced by microbial degradation processes, at a rate of 6.1±0.9×10⁻³ mg equivalents of QS mol AOU⁻¹. Our results also indicate that basin-scale remineralization processes account for 85% of the total variability of F(320/410), emphasizing that large scale processes control the formation of humic-like substance in the dark ENA.     

Ballast water management in Canada: A historical perspective and implications for the future

Non-indigenous species (NIS) can create significant risks when introduced to foreign ecosystems. One of the many vectors facilitating the global transport of NIS is ballast water, and as commercial shipping increases so does the threat of ballast water-mediated introductions. Despite Canadian regulations, consistent with international guidelines put forth by the International Maritime Organization in the early 1990s, ballast water remains a potential vector for the introduction of many NIS to Canadian marine ecosystems: there have been no new introductions in the Laurentian Great Lakes Region since 2006, yet marine ecosystems continue to see the introduction and establishment of NIS. This paper details and analyzes the development of Canadian ballast water management (BWM), in the context of marine ecosystems, and identifies issues therein. BWM in Canada has a number of management gaps that have persisted since large-scale BWM began in the late 1980s. These include BWM exemptions for vessels not exiting the North American continental shelf, and limitations of effectiveness of mid-ocean exchange as the predominant management method in marine ecosystems. In addition, ballast water regulations for the Canadian Arctic may require additional consideration as the Arctic will likely continue to see an increase in both warming and commercial shipping in the future, thereby increasing the potential risk of NIS. In order to adequately protect all Canadian marine ecosystems, it is recommended that the current BWM regime: fill gaps in management to help prevent further introduction and spread of NIS; focus equally on both marine and freshwater regions, and; look to other aggressive BWM strategies such as those being developed by the state of California.     

Sources and implications of particulate organic matter from a small tropical river—Zuari River,India

Transitional ecosystems,estuaries and the coastal seas,are distinctively affected by natural and anthropogenic factors.Organic matter(OM)originating from terrestrial sources is exported by rivers and forms a key component of the global biogeochemical cycles.Most previous studies focused on the bulk biochemical and anthropogenic aspects affecting these ecosystems.In the present study,we examined the sources and fate of OM entrained within suspended particulate matter(SPM)of the Zuari River and its estuary,west coast of India.Besides using amino acid(AA)enantiomers(L-and D-forms)as biomarkers,other bulk biochemical parameters viz.particulate organic carbon(POC),δ13C,particulate nitrogen(PN),δ15N and chlorophyll a were analyzed.Surprisingly no significant temporal variations were observed in the parameters analyzed;nonetheless,salinity,POC,δ13C,PN,δ15N,glutamic acid,serine,alanine,tyrosine,leucine and D-aspartic acid exhibited significant spatial variability suggesting source differentiation.The POC content displayed weak temporal variability with low values observed during the post-monsoon season attributed to inputs from mixed sources.Estuarine samples were less depleted than the riverine samples suggesting contributions from marine plankton in addition to contributions from river plankton and terrestrial C3 plants detritus.Labile OM was observed during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in the estuarine region.More degraded OM was noticed during the pre-monsoon season.Principal component analysis was used to ascertain the sources and factors influencing OM.Principally five factors were extracted explaining 84.52%of the total variance.The first component accounted for 27.10%of the variance suggesting the dominance of tidal influence whereas,the second component accounted for heterotrophic bacteria and their remnants associated with the particulate matter,contributing primarily to the AA pool.Based on this study we ascertained the role of the estuarine turbidity maximum(ETM)controlling the sources of POM and its implications to small tropical rivers.Thus,changes in temporal and regional settings are more likely to affect the natural biogeochemical cycles of small tropical rivers.     

Seabed Ground Improvement in Coastal Reclamation Area by Heavy Tamping After Rockfilling Displacement

Considering the characteristics of seabed ground in coastal reclamation area, ultra soft clay improvement method by heavy tamping after rockfilling displacement was proposed combined with a case study. The improvement mechanisms of the method can primarily be attributed to rockfilling displacement (RD), dynamic compaction (DC), dynamic replacement (DR) and dynamic replacement and mixing (DRM). For the case study given in this article, heavy tamping construction program was proposed based on field pilot tests. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed ground improvement method was verified through in situ plate load test, sand fill test and the analyses of observed settlement data. Thus, the method of heavy tamping after rockfilling displacement is applicable for the improvement of seabed ground in coastal reclamation area. It is proposed for similar projects that heavy tamping of fills may be performed by layers and correspondingly tamping energy increased to further enhance the improvement effect of DC, DR and DRM. In addition, delayed improvement effect or time effect of soil mass after heavy tamping is still an issue to be further studied.     

空间信息系统原理(三)数字高程模型及其数据结构

简要介绍了DTM的提出和应用情况,并对数字地面模型(DTM)、数字高程模型(DEM或DHM)、数字地形模型(DGM)等三个概念进行了论述,说明了它们的区别和联系,详细论述了离散点、不规则三角形、等高线、断面线和规则格网等几种数字高程模型的数据结构,并对不同数据结构的数字地面模型的特征进行了比较。     

莱州湾海域水体中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的浓度水平和分布特征

以固相萃取/气相色谱法测定了莱州湾海域水体中22种有机氯农药和多氯联苯类化合物的浓度水平和分布特征。结果表明,莱州湾海域表层水体中有机氯农药浓度范围为N.D.~32.7ng/L,底层水中的浓度范围为N.D.~11.7ng/L。在该海域水体中共检出有机氯农药3种,β-666是水体中主要的有机氯农药污染物。多氯联苯类在底层水样中检出2种,总浓度范围在4.5~27.7ng/L之间。该海域有机氯农药和多氯联苯的分布特征是近岸高,离岸低,由近岸向湾外延伸方向依次递减。并对莱州湾表层水中总有机氯农药与海水盐度、氯度、溶解氧和pH间的关系作了初步探讨,得出总有机氯农药与盐度、氯度间有一定的相关关系,相关系数均为0.59。方法测定5种有机氯农药化合物的空白加标回收率为97.3%~126.0%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~8.6%;测定5种多氯联苯类化合物的空白加标回收率为88.6%~151.8%,相对标准偏差为6.7%~10.4%。     

Material selection for the gas containment system of a compressed natural gas carrier fleet

In this work, the possible exploitation of fiber-reinforced composites in the context of maritime transportation of compressed natural gas (CNG) is investigated. In addition to a more conventional steel configuration, two different fiber materials, carbon and glass, are considered as construction materials for pressure vessels (PVs) to be stored on board ships, with thickness optimized by FEM analysis.The considered scenario is represented by the transportation of CNG from an offshore well to a terminal on shore. Fleets of ships carrying CNG in pressure vessels manufactured with the investigated materials are generated by means of a ship synthesis model (SSM) software and compared on the basis of technical and economical indicators.The choice of the construction material influences considerably the weight of the PVs, which represent a major item of total ship weight and reflects directly on the general transport performances in terms of resistance, seakeeping and reliability in the service. On the other hand, capital as well as operating expenditures are considerably affected by the choice. When exploring the design space, the ship synthesis model is able, at a preliminary stage of the design, to account for the various technical and economical aspects, their implications and relationships. Results are presented of computations carried out in a specific case, identified by the annual gas production and other characteristics of the well terminal and a cruising route for the ships. The comparison is carried out on the basis of the cost per transported unit of gas and of the percentage of success in the transportation process. The computations show that the choice of the PV material has a key influence on the results in terms of optimal number, dimensions and speed of the ships.     

基于EMD和辛几何的运动员表面肌电信号分析与评价

为对肌电信号的物理解释做出探索性的工作，本文运用经验模态分解和辛几何的方法，对不同等级短跑运动员腿部不同肌群的表面肌电信号进行处理分析。试验结果初步表明，应用上述2种方法可对运动员等级和竞技状态做出有效的评价，而且2种方法对肌电信号处理结果的一致性将有助于进一步描述肌肉系统的生物力学特性。