东阿拉善地块叠布斯格杂岩的形成与变质时代:来自黑云斜长片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年的新证据

叠布斯格杂岩作为阿拉善地块变质程度最高、形成时代最老的变质岩系,是进一步深入认识阿拉善地块形成、演化与构造亲缘性的最佳对象.本文对叠布斯格杂岩中黑云斜长片麻岩开展了系统的野外地质调查、岩相学观察和锆石U-Pb年代学研究.碎屑锆石U-Pb定年和野外地质调查表明,叠布斯格杂岩中黑云斜长片麻岩碎屑锆石年龄介于2 177~2 010 Ma,最小年龄峰值为2 050 Ma,结合变质锆石年龄数据,限定其沉积时代在2 050~1 969 Ma之间.区域对比研究表明,阿拉善地块叠布斯格杂岩中黑云斜长片麻岩与西阿拉善地块龙首山杂岩、华北克拉通孔兹岩带（尤其是孔兹岩带西部）中的变沉积岩系在沉积时代与源区特征上具有高度的一致性.此外,变质锆石U-Pb定年和微量元素分析表明,叠布斯格杂岩中黑云斜长片麻岩记录了古元古代晚期1 969~1 811 Ma连续的变质年龄.对比分析阿拉善地块与孔兹岩带变沉积岩系的碎屑锆石年龄谱系-变质时代表明,阿拉善地块与孔兹岩带在古元古代可能具有相同的沉积-变质演化历史,在古元古代期间阿拉善地块应是华北克拉通孔兹岩带的西延部分.      

西藏念青唐古拉山闪长质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄

采用高精度离子探针(SHRIMP)测年方法对西藏念青唐古拉山英云闪长质和石英闪长质正片麻岩中锆石的成因和形成时代进行了研究.在阴极发光图像中,片麻岩中的锆石具有较好的晶形,并显示出清晰的岩浆锆石韵律环带结构.离子探针分析表明,片麻岩中的锆石具有高的Th/U比值.对2颗片麻岩中的锆石进行了离子探针U-Pb测年,测得英云闪长质和石英闪长质片麻岩中的锆石206Pb/238U结晶年龄分别为58.5Ma±0.7Ma和63.5Ma±0.8Ma.这一结果意味着念青唐古拉山正片麻岩形成于安第斯型的冈底斯岩浆作用期间.     

印度与欧亚两大陆块碰撞时间的厘定:来自锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的证据

通麦地区片麻岩中锆石SHRIMP定年结果表明:①变质锫石和变质复合锆石的新壳U-Pb年龄为42 Ma,属于中始新世.相当于陆陆碰撞的峰期时间,而印度和欧亚两个大陆开始碰撞的时间略早于42 Ma;②变质复合锫石中的老核(继承锆石),有2个点U-Pb年龄为201 Ma,相当于早侏罗世早期,表明通麦片麻岩是沉积岩变质的,其沉积岩的时代不会早于三叠纪;③文章最后对锆石成因类型及意义、片麻岩的时代和印度与欧亚两大陆碰撞的时间等问题进行了讨论.     

山东半岛荆山群富铝片麻岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

荆山群富铝片麻岩广泛分布于山东半岛早前寒武纪变质基底之中。锆石阴极发光图像分析和U-Pb定年结果表明,荆山群富铝片麻岩中锆石成因比较复杂,可划分为3种类型:第一类为继承性(岩浆或碎屑)锆石,U-Pb定年结果显示该类锆石微区记录了~2 650 Ma和~2 100 Ma两组207Pb/206Pb年龄,这不仅表明研究区变质基底在中太古代末期和古元古代早期至少存在两期岩浆-热事件,同时,也说明荆山群原岩形成时代应晚于2 100 Ma;第二类为变质锆石,记录的207Pb/206Pb年龄集中在1 900~1 850 Ma之间,应代表荆山群富铝片麻岩峰期高压麻粒岩相变质时代;第三类亦为变质锆石,记录的207Pb/206Pb年龄集中在1 840~1 820 Ma之间,应代表荆山群富铝片麻岩峰后中低压麻粒岩相退变质时代。该项成果准确地限定了荆山群富铝片麻岩的原岩形成时代、峰期高压麻粒岩相变质时代和峰后中低压麻粒岩相退变质时代的年代学格架,对深入探讨华北克拉通东南缘高压麻粒岩的成因机制及其形成的动力学背景具有重要的科学意义。     

阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

阿尔金北缘尧勒萨依片麻岩分布于尧勒萨依河中下游,主要岩性为黑云二长花岗片麻岩。为确定该地区侵入岩形成时代、成因和构造背景,本文对其进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。研究区花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,其形成年龄为927±3 Ma,时代为新元古代早期青白口纪。其具高硅（SiO2=71%～73.96%）、富碱\[(Na2O+K2O)=6.61%～8.00%\]的特征,岩石里特曼指数σ=1.41～2.09,属钙碱性系列;铝过饱和指数（A/CNK）=1.01～1.25,为过铝质系列岩石;富集Rb、K、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ti、P、Ta等高场强元素,具有典型的大陆碰撞型花岗岩特征;稀土总量高,其中轻稀土元素富集,轻、重稀土元素分馏较明显（(La/Yb)N=7.53～8.13）,Eu负异常明显（δEu=0.40～0.68）,总体呈“右倾海鸥型”稀土配分模式,具典型地壳重熔型花岗岩特征。根据原岩判别图,推测其为变质砂岩部分熔融的产物。结合区域资料,认为尧勒萨依片麻岩应该形成于同碰撞晚期的构造地质环境。     

西藏念青唐古拉山闪长质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄

采用高精度离子探针(SHRIMP)测年方法对西藏念青唐古拉山英云闪长质和石英闪长质正片麻岩中锆石的成因和形成时代进行了研究。在阴极发光图像中,片麻岩中的锆石具有较好的晶形,并显示出清晰的岩浆锆石韵律环带结构。离子探针分析表明,片麻岩中的锆石具有高的Th/U比值。对2颗片麻岩中的锆石进行了离子探针U-Pb测年,测得英云闪长质和石英闪长质片麻岩中的锆石206Pb/238U结晶年龄分别为58.5Ma±0.7Ma和63.5Ma±0.8Ma。这一结果意味着念青唐古拉山正片麻岩形成于安第斯型的冈底斯岩浆作用期间。     

新疆阿尔泰额尔齐斯构造带片麻岩的锆石U-Pb SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

对包括额尔齐斯构造带中片麻岩在内的新疆阿尔泰地区中深变质岩石的时代一直存在争议,李天德等将阿尔泰山造山带中大部分中深变质岩划分为古-中元古界克木齐群和新元古代富蕴群,引起了广泛的关注和争议,特别是对位于额尔齐斯构造带中片麻岩的时代问题争议颇多。笔者对该片麻岩采样进行主量元素、微量元素分析及锆石U-Pb SHRIMP年龄测定,表明该处片麻岩以正变质岩为主,成分与闪长质、石英闪长质岩石相当,为后碰撞阶段岩浆活动的产物。锆石U-Pb SHRIMP定年结果表明其锆石主要为岩浆锆石,²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄主要为350~295 Ma,其中10个点构成的谐和年龄为（326±6）Ma,为石炭纪构造-岩浆活动的产物。该片麻岩中没有前寒武纪古老锆石的年龄信息,基本上可以否定该片麻岩形成于前寒武纪的观点,应为晚古生代的产物。结合前人研究成果,认为阿尔泰造山带中深变质岩可能为不同时代的产物。     

柴北缘超高压变质带的冷却历史：来自副片麻岩中锆石、金红石的U-Pb年代学和温度信息

本文运用LA-ICP-MS和SIMS对柴北缘超高压变质带中东端沙柳河剖面中的副片麻岩进行了锆石和金红石U-Pb年代和微量元素分析。锆石边部的变质时代为425±6Ma,所对应的锆石Ti含量温度计计算出的温度为689±14℃。金红石U-Pb定年给出的年龄为414.0±6.3Ma,代表了副片麻岩在折返过程中冷却到金红石U-Pb封闭温度约570℃的时代。而金红石Zr含量温度计给出同锆石边部较一致的温度685±9℃,代表了峰期变质时代的温度条件。根据锆石的变质时代和变质温度以及金红石的冷却年龄和封闭温度所限定的T-t轨迹,可以得出此副片麻岩在折返过程中的冷却速率约为11℃/Myr。     

鲁西泰山地区新太古代闪长岩及角闪石岩岩石成因及其对地壳演化的制约

泰山地区的闪长岩及角闪石岩与TTG片麻岩在空间上密切共生,是太古宙地体的重要组成部分,探究其母岩浆性质和岩石成因,对认识华北克拉通鲁西早期大陆地壳形成与演化具有重要意义.以泰山闪长岩和角闪石岩为研究对象,开展了详细的锆石U-Pb年龄、矿物化学和全岩-矿物Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果...     

南秦岭前寒武纪地壳演化——陡岭杂岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成

出露于豫西地区的陡岭杂岩传统上被认为是南秦岭地体最古老的地质单元,并且南秦岭地体与毗邻的扬子板块在前寒武纪有密切联系。然而,陡岭杂岩形成时代以及与扬子地体的地质-构造关系一直以来缺乏共识。本文对陡岭杂岩中主要的岩石类型——正片麻岩和副片麻岩进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学分析,对深入认识南秦岭地体乃至扬子地体前寒武纪演化历史具有重要的意义。地球化学组成表明,陡岭杂岩正片麻岩主要由TTG系列、富K花岗岩组成,原岩时代侵位集中在~2.5 Ga。3个正片麻岩样品的锆石谐和U-Pb年龄为2 446、2 447和2 478 Ma,原岩形成年龄接近,表明应该为同一构造旋回作用的岩浆产物。一些颗粒也记录了~3.0 Ga继承锆石年龄信息,~2.0 Ga变质热事件信息。副片麻岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄峰值主要集中在2.5和2.0 Ga两个峰值,与正片麻岩形成时代和记录的变质热事件记录一致,可能表明正片麻岩是主要的沉积物源构成。少量碎屑锆石颗粒具有新元古代年龄值,最年轻的谐和年龄限制了副片麻岩原岩最大沉积时代为~900 Ma。碎屑锆石边部记录了~800 Ma变质生长作用,锆石内部结构(CL图像)和REE含量特征可能表明其形成于角闪岩相变质条件。正片麻岩全岩初始εNd值为1.8~7.0,锆石初始εHf值为-5.0~0.0。Nd-Hf同位素组成特征表明,其源岩来自于新生地壳和部分古老的地壳再造。陡岭杂岩记录的太古宙岩浆活动和地壳生长历史与扬子地体存在差异,但都记录了~2.0 Ga变质事件。而~800 Ma角闪岩相变质事件可能代表扬子地体与华夏地体拼合作用的年龄记录。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861