云南个旧锡矿床花岗岩接触带的交代现象

我国个旧锡矿是闻名中外最大的锡矿床之一,矿床中除含锡外,还伴生铜、钴、锌、钨、铋、铍及稀有元素。矿化主要产于燕山期花岗岩接触带及其附近的三叠纪碳酸盐围岩中的交代岩。本文着重讨论含锡花岗岩接触带交代岩的类型。矿物组合、分带性、岩石化学特征及其与矿化的关系,把各类含矿交代建造作为一个有成团联系的统一体——交代系列来考虑。     

广东凡口铅锌矿床的走滑构造及成矿模式

广东凡口铅锌矿富存于粤北曲仁盆地北缘中、上泥盆统碳酸盐岩石中,是吴川-四会钨、锡、铅、锌多金属成矿带的重要代表性矿床之一。矿区内发育一系列与矿床形成及改造有关的NE向、NNE或NW向走滑构造。其中印支期NE向左行走滑构造是重要的成矿期构造;矿体的空间产出状态和富集程度主要受NE向走滑构造控制,但同时受燕山期与喜山期等成矿期后NNE向和NW向右行走滑伸展构造的改造和影响。矿区NE向走滑构造带的演化与发展及其相伴的岩浆等热液活动是该大型矿床形成的重要制约因素。     

Dating of the Dachang Superlarge Tin-polymetallic Deposit in Guangxi and Its Implication for the Genesis of the No. 100 Orebody

The Dachang superlarge Sn-polymetal deposit in Guangxi, China, is one of the largest tin deposit all over the world. However, this deposit has long been in debate as to its origin. One of the opinions is that the Dachang deposit was formed by replacement of hydrothermal solution originating from Yanshanian granites, and the other is that this deposit was formed by submarine exhalation in the Devonian. This paper presents some new isotopic geochronology data obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz and sanidine from massive ore in the No. 91 and No. 100 orebodies. Analytic results show that the No. 91 orebody was formed at 94.52±0.33 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz) or 91.4±2.9 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for feldspar), while the No. 100 orebody was formed at 94.56±0.45 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz), suggesting that both the No. 91 and the No. 100 orebodies were formed at the Late Yanshanian instead o     

云南羊拉铜矿成因新认识及勘查技术模型

羊拉铜矿主要由里农、路农、江边3个矿段组成.含矿岩系为下泥盆统江边组中段—中上泥盆统里农组上段,产有层状和似层状火山—喷流沉积矿体;印支—燕山早期具岛弧性质的中酸性岩浆侵入,形成矽卡岩型和改造叠加矿体;构造—岩浆演化至燕山早期末形成斑岩和断裂构造中脉状矿体,是一个具有巨大找矿潜力的既受层控,又绕岩体,从岩体穿插至围岩之...     

湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床成矿地质特征及成矿模式

通过对锡田钨锡多金属矿床地质特征的研究,认为锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿体的形态、产状及空间展布严格受岩体接触带及断裂构造控制;矿床类型主要为矽卡岩型,其次为破碎带蚀变岩型、云英岩型等;钨锡多金属成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关:印支期花岗岩浆侵位形成矽卡岩型钨锡矿(化)体;燕山期花岗岩浆侵位导致早期矿化矽卡岩发生叠加矿化,同时在构造破碎带中形成云英岩型锡矿或破碎带蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿体,是形成规模巨大的钨锡多金属工业矿床的必要条件.此外,提出了锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿的成矿模式.     

云南墨江镍金矿床主要控矿因素分析与研究

采用控矿因素分析研究，通过构造岩石地层及构造变形筛分探讨镍金矿床的成矿过程，认为本区金镍矿主要为地层及构造控矿。在矿床内，热（泉）水喷溢构造（成矿构造）有似环状粘土岩化带及热水同生沉积－交代－喷流构造岩石层序，脆－韧性剪切带（储矿构造）由近水平的纵张裂隙构造、左行共轭剪切裂隙及相对封闭的脆韧性剪切带组成。脆性张剪性X形微裂隙系统为富金矿脉的定位提供了构造空间。成矿演化过程为：①晚泥盆世热水同生沉积成岩成矿期形成含金黄铁矿硅质岩；②印支期逆冲推覆型脆韧性剪切构造成岩成矿期形成含金脆韧性剪切带；③燕山－喜马拉雅山期深源热流体叠加成矿期形成富金矿脉。指出3处成矿远景区，认为红土型金矿很可能是本区一种新的金矿类型，值得重视研究。     

富贺钟钨锡多金属矿集区成矿规律及成矿模式

成岩、成矿的时空关系及矿化特征综合研究表明,桂东北富贺钟地区钨锡多金属成矿主要与燕山期姑婆山复式岩体中晚期的细粒花岗岩有关,但成岩与成矿之间存在一定时差。区内矿化具有上锡下钨的垂向分带特征,细粒花岗岩侵入层位的不同制约了矿化类型及成矿元素组合。成矿作用过程中有幔源流体的参与,中泥盆统郁江组砂页岩和东岗岭组灰岩夹白云质灰岩之间的"硅-钙界面"对锡成矿具有重要的控制作用,也是锡矿就位的重要场所。细粒花岗岩体周缘的"硅-钙界面"附近是寻找锡多金属矿的远景地段。     

桃江县板溪锑矿床地质特征及成矿构造分析

桃江县板溪锑矿,主要开采2号矿脉,它赋存在上元古界板溪群五强溪组上段,由中矿脉、东支脉和西盲脉组成,矿石矿物主要是辉锑矿,平均厚度0.40 m,平均品位Sb 25.48％,属燕山期中低温热液型锑矿床。矿区成矿构造V_2和V_(2-1)断裂,成矿前显张扭性,成矿期转化为压扭性质,西盲脉,则充填V_(2-2)断裂派生的“多”字型构造。它们为矿区富厚矿体提供了主要成矿空间,展示了构造与矿床的密切成生联系。     

西藏甲马铜多金属矿床远景预测

近年研究表明，作为西藏境内少数几个大型矿床之一的甲马铜多金属矿床先后经历了燕山晚期海底喷流积积成矿作用和喜马拉雅期斑岩型成矿作用，相应形成矿区层状主矿休和斑岩型矿体。矿区地质特征、主成矿元素空间分布规律分析后认为：矿区东、西段各存在一个喷流中心，与之相关的层状矿体及深部脉状、网脉状矿体是今后找矿的重点靶区；喜马拉雅期斑岩成矿作用在区域及矿区内均有显示，具有不可忽视的成矿潜力。     

The Almadén mercury mining district, Spain

The Almadén district is the largest mercury concentration in the world, with a total content of about 250 000 t of mercury, nearly one third of the known total mercury resources of the Earth. Mercury has been exploited since the Celtic and Roman times, with peak production during the Renaissance and between 1939–1945. The district is hosted by a Paleozoic synclinorium overlying Precambrian rocks. The Paleozoic sequence comprises epicontinental quartz arenite rocks, including black shales and quartzites. Diatremes, alkaline lavas of different composition, and late tholeiitic diabases account for the Ordovician to Devonian magmatism. The tectonic setting of this complex suite corresponds to the intraplate type. The mercury deposits of Almadén can be classified into two main types: type 1, early stratiform type ores characterized by cinnabar deposition on the lower Silurian quartzites (Criadero quartzite; e.g. the Almadén and El Entredicho deposits), and type 2, late discordant orebodies (e.g. Las Cuevas), largely hosted or related to diatremes (the `frailesca rocks') of alkaline basaltic composition. In type 1 cinnabar was deposited during diagenesis, in relation to hydrothermal circulation driven by magmatic activity. Type 2 include a variety of deposits having in common the discordant character of the orebodies (e.g. veins, stockworks, massive replacements), and their wide dispersion along the stratigraphic column, i.e. from Lower Silurian (e.g. Nueva Concepción) to Upper Devonian (e.g. Corchuelo). Received: 23 October 1998 / Accepted: 4 January 1999     

Diagenetic and Mineralization Age of the Hehuaping Tin-polymetallic Orefield, Hunan Province

The Hehuaping tin deposit is a large deposit found in recent years during geological surveys. The discovered tin deposit includes not only rock-alteration type deposits in fault zones, but also deposits developed in interstratified rupture zones between Devonian carbonate rocks (Qiziqiao Formation) and sandstone (Tiaomajian Formation). The finding of tin deposits of the latter type has greatly enriched tin-mineralization types in the famous Nanling polymetallic metallogenetic region and may provide us with a new potential orientation for prospecting of tin deposits in the region. It is commonly believed that the forming of the tin deposits in the Nanling region should be related to the Yanshanian instead of Indosinian granitic magmatism. Systematical zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating in this paper shows that tin mineralizations have endured at least two stages. The early stage should be related to the intrusion of the main body of the Wangxianling granite, which was emplaced during the Indosinian period with a diagenetic and mineralized age of 224.0±1.9 Ma (MSWD=0.54), and the late stage should be related to the intrusion of Yanshanian granitic porphyry that took place after 142±3 Ma (MSWD=0.5).     

湖南锡田锡钨多金属矿床成矿构造特征及其找矿意义

锡田矿床内发育近SN向花岗岩穹窿伸展构造、NE向复式褶皱和NE或NEE向走滑伸展构造系统。穹窿构造主要由印支期和燕山期侵入的花岗岩和古生代地层及不连续的环形滑脱断层组成,控制燕山期花岗岩与围岩接触带矽卡岩型矿体的分布;复式褶皱为古生代地层组成的NE向复式向斜,在矿区中部被锡田复式花岗岩体切割。严塘复式向斜与小田复式向斜中的背斜核部,尤其断层叠加的部位常控制一些构造破碎带型钨锡富矿体的分布。NE向或NEE向走滑伸展构造系统包括NE向右行(伸展)走滑断层、NE向或近EW向右行次级的走滑伸展断层、近SN向左行走滑断层和NW向伸展断层,控制了锡田矿区内的不同方向构造蚀变岩型、石英脉型和云英岩脉型锡钨多金属矿床的分布。花岗岩锆石U-Pb、白云母40Ar-39Ar和辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年表明锡田地区燕山期构造活动、岩浆作用与成矿响应时间非常接近,介于150～160Ma。岩体与地层(灰岩)接触带、岩体中的NEE向断裂带以及被NE向断裂叠加的背斜轴部是重要的成矿区域,可作为下一步矿产勘查工作重要靶区。     

湘东锡田垄上矽卡岩型锡多金属矿床地质特征及找矿前景

锡田垄上矽卡岩型锡多金属矿是近年来在湘东地区新发现的一个具有大型资源远景规模的矿产地，锡多金属矿化产于燕山早期中粗粒含斑黑云母花岗岩西接触带，由V20、V21和V22等3条矿脉组成。本文初步研究了区内的成矿地质条件及矿床地质特征，并对找矿前景进行了分析。     

Metallogenesis related to Mesozoic Granitoids in the Nanling Range, South China and Their Geodynamic Settings

Affected by the compressive stress from the South-Central （Indo-China） Peninsula, the Indosinian orogenesis, characterized by collision, thrust and uplifting, took place inside the South China Plate during 250-230 Ma. The ages of the Indosinian granitoids in the Nanling Range and vicinity areas are mostly 240-205 Ma, indicating that they were emplaced in both late collision and post-collision geodynamic environments. No important granite-related metallogenesis occurred in this duration. A post-orogenic setting started at the beginning of the Yanshanian Period, which controlled large-scale granitic magmatism and related metallogenesis. This paper makes the first attempt to divide the Yanshanian Period into three sub-periods, i.e. the early, middle and late Yanshanian Periods, based mainly on the features of magmatism, especially granitoids and related metallogenesis and their geodynamic environments. The magmatic association of the Early Yanshanian （about 185-170 Ma） comprises four categories of magmatism, i.e. basalt, bimodal volcanics, A-type granite and intraplate high-K calc-alkaline （HKCA） magmatism, which indicates an extension-thinning of lithosphere and upwelling of mantle material to a relative small and local extent. Pb-Zn, Cu and Au mineralizations associated with HKCA magmatism represents the first high tide of Mesozoic metallogenesis in the Nanling Range area. During the middle Yanshanian, the lithosphere was subjected to more extensive and intensive extending and thinning, and hence mantle upwelling and basaltic magma underplating caused a great amount of crust remelting granitoids. This period can be further divided into two stages. The first stage （170-150 Ma） is represented by large-scale emplacement of crust remelting granites with local tungsten mineralization at its end. The second stage （150-140 Ma） is the most important time of large-scale mineralizations of non-ferrous and rare metals, e.g. W, Sn, Nb-Ta, Bi, Mo, Be, in the Nanling Range area. The late Yanshanian （140-65 Ma） was generally characterized by full extension and breakup of the lithosphere of South China. However, owing to the influence of the Pacific Plate movement, the eastern part of South China was predominated by subduction-related compression, which resulted in magmatism of calc-alkaline and shoshonite series and related metallogeneses of Au, Ag, Pb-Zn, Cu and （Mo, Sn）, followed by extension in its late stage. In the Nanling Range area, the late Yanshanian magmatism was represented by granitic volcanic-intrusive complexes and mafic dikes, which are genetically related to volcanic-type uranium and porphyry tin deposits, and the mobilization-mineralization of uranium from pre-existing Indosinian granites.     

Mesozoic Granitoid Types and Metallogeny of the East China Circum-Pacific Continental Margin

Abstract: This paper synthesizes the geotectonic background, genetic types and metallogenetic relations of the Mesozoic granitoids in the East China continental margin. By the Mesozoic, the Siberia Plate, North China Plate and South China Plate amalgamated together, resulting in formation of a unified Eurasia super–continent. Since the late Triassic to early Jurassic period, the territory of East China gradually became a Cordilleran style active continental margin. During the Jurassic to early Cretaceous (early to middle episodes of Yanshanian orogeny), the Paleo-Pacific plate strongly collided with and subducted under the Eurasia continent, reactivated the consolidated East China continental margin. The granitoids of both transformation series and syntexis series were generated. Many granitoid-related large and giant metal deposits were formed. Furthermore, the W, Sn, Be, Nb, Ta and U mineralizations are mostly associated with the transformation series; while the Fe, Cu, Mo and Au mineralizations are mostly associated with the syntexis series. The late Yanshanian orogeny (late Cretaceous) began a transition to the western Pacific style continental margin. A tensional environment resulted in development of alkaline granitoids and formation of continental red basins. The Cenozoic orogeny was characterized by a backarc spreading and rifting regime in this region.     

秦岭凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的主要成矿特征及成矿模式

以较详细的资料论述了秦岭凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的主要成矿特征。包括反映成矿地质环境、成矿方式、成矿物质来源和成矿物理化学条件等方面的特征,据上述综合特征提出了海底喷气-沉积成矿模式。     

Metallogenetic Mechanism and Timing of Late Superimposing Fluid Mineralization in the Dongguashan Diplogenetic Stratified Copper Deposit,Anhui Province

1 Introduction The region of the middle-lower reach of the Yangtze River is an important mineralized belt of Fe, Cu, Au, S and other elements, with a series of sedimentary-hydrothermal diplogenetic mineral deposits (Xu and Zhu, 1978; Liu et al., 1984; Gu and Xu, 1986; Gu et al., 1993, 2000; Zhai et al., 1992). Some geologists thought that the Carboniferous massive sulfide exhalative sediment was the basis of the late diplogenetic mineralization (Gu and Xu, 1986; Gu et al., 1993, 2000); o…     

大厂长坡-铜坑锡多金属矿床成矿作用分析

从长坡-铜坑锡多金属矿矿床地质出发,分析其热水沉积成矿和岩浆热液成矿的证据,认为其主要成矿作用为泥盆纪热水沉积成矿,燕山期花岗岩浆热液则对早期的热水沉积矿体进行叠加改造,故矿床是热水沉积成矿-岩浆热液叠加改造的产物。     

陕西镇安月西硫铁矿床地质特征及其成因

月西硫铁矿床位于秦岭褶皱系南秦岭印支褶皱带内金鸡岭向斜西部。矿体赋存于上泥盆统冷水河组的变泥钙质石英粉砂岩和泥砂质微晶灰岩中，受层位及北西西向次级断裂的控制。矿体在地表氧化成褐铁矿，氧化深度浅。成矿物质可能来源于多源。成矿温度低，压力小，是在弱酸性的弱还原条件下进行的。初步认为，该矿床属沉积再造单一硫铁矿床。     

南秦岭柞水—山阳矿集区金铜矿床成矿规律与找矿方向

南秦岭柞水—山阳矿集区地质构造和岩浆活动强烈,矿床(点)成群成带分布,成矿条件良好。在长期找矿实践、成矿地质背景分析和典型矿床解剖的基础上,综合研究认为,区内金矿主要受EW向断裂或EW向韧-脆性剪切带与NE向张扭性叠加构造控制,寒武系水沟口组、泥盆系星红铺组与大枫沟组是金的赋矿地层。金矿体呈近EW向大致等间距展布,单个矿体在延伸方向呈透镜状、哑铃状、囊状等,具尖灭再现特征,构造叠加部位矿体厚大、品位较高。区内金矿床类型多为中-低温热液型、远成低温热液型,成矿时代为印支—燕山期。夏家店等已知金矿床深部及外围、区域断裂旁侧次级近EW向与NNE向断裂交汇部位、构造转折端、构造虚脱部位等是寻找金矿的有利靶区。铜矿分布于山阳—凤镇大断裂两侧,成矿类型以斑岩型-矽卡岩型为主,构造热液改造型、隐爆角砾岩型次之。斑岩型-矽卡岩型铜(钼)矿受燕山期构造-岩浆活动控制,赋存于燕山期斑岩体与围岩接触带内;矿体产状多受岩体与围岩接触面控制,呈似层状、透镜状产出。燕山期中酸性小岩体及其与围岩的接触部位、东西向三级断裂带附近是寻找铜(钼)矿的首选靶区。本次研究建立了柞水—山阳矿集区金铜矿床区域成矿模式,总结了找矿标志,通过成矿规律、成矿作用及物探、化探、遥感异常特征系统分析,认为区内找矿潜力巨大,并提出了3片金铜(钼)成矿远景区,指出下一步的找矿方向。