Adria,the African promontory,in mesozoic Mediterranean palaeogeography

The orogenic belts encircling the present-day Adriatic Sea are the deformed Mesozoic continental margin of an area known as Adria, the outline of which began to take shape during Middle Triassic continental rifting. Early Jurassic oceanic rifting was usually close to, but not coincident with, sites of earlier continental rifting. The Triassic rifted zones were usually incorporated into the continental margin of Adria, profoundly influencing its subsequent development. The Mesozoic platform/basin morphology of this margin can be correlated along the length of the belt.Palaeomagnetic data from autochthonous outcrops of the foreland of Adria do not indicate relative rotation and moreover suggest that this foreland has moved in coordination with Africa since the Early Mesozoic. Seismic soundings indicate that thick Mesozoic sedimentary sequences which can be correlated with sections on the African platform are continuous beneath the eastern Mediterranean seas. The concept of Adria as having behaved as a promontory of the African plate is tested by correlation of the main tectonic events in the belt with the spreading history of the Atlantic. The simplest model which adequately accounts for available data comprises a continuous Mesozoic continental margin from the Magrebids of Tunisia, through the Apennines, Alps, Dinarides and Hellenides to the alpine belt of Turkey. This margin was the southern margin of the Mesozoic Tethys and its foreland was more or less continuous with the African platform. Some structural and geochemical features of the double ophiolitic belt on the eastern side of Adria may be explained in terms of more external oceanic branches giving a more diversified continental margin of Adria. The present undulations of the Periadriatic belt are mainly a product of Late Cretaceous to recent deformation, which severely modified the shape of this margin by continental collision and by subsequent development of back-arc features.     

Late Permian–early Middle Triassic back-arc basin development in West Qinling,China

The Late Permian–early Middle Triassic strata of the northern West Qinling area, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, are composed of sediment gravity flow deposits. Detailed sedimentary facies analysis indicates these strata were deposited in three successive deep-marine environments. The Late Permian–early Early Triassic strata of the Maomaolong Formation and the lowest part of the Longwuhe Formation define a NW–SE trending proximal slope environment. Facies of the Early Triassic strata composing the middle and upper Longwuhe Formation are consistent with deposition in a base-of-slope apron environment, whereas facies of the Middle Triassic Anisian age Gulangdi Formation are more closely associated with a base-of-slope fan depositional environment. The lithofacies and the spatial–temporal changes in paleocurrent data from these strata suggest the opening of a continental margin back-arc basin system during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the northern West Qinling. U–Pb zircon ages for geochemically varied igneous rocks with diabasic through granitic compositions intruded into these deep-marine strata range from 250 to 234 Ma. These observations are consistent with extensional back-arc basin development and rifting between the Permian–Triassic Eastern Kunlun arc and North China block during the continent–continent collision and underthrusting of the South China block northward beneath the Qinling terrane of the North China block. Deep-marine sedimentation ended in the northern West Qinling by the Middle Triassic Ladinian age, but started in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi to the south. We attribute these observations to southward directed rollback of Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere, continued attenuation of the West Qinling on the upper plate, local post-rift isostatic compensation in the northern West Qinling area, and continued opening of a back-arc basin in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi. Rollback and back-arc basin development during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the West Qinling area explains: the truncated map pattern of the Eastern Kunlun arc, the age difference of deep-marine sediment gravity flow deposits between the Late Permian–early Middle Triassic northern West Qinling and the late Middle Triassic–Late Triassic southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi, and the discontinuous trace of ophiolitic rocks associated with the Anyemaqen-Kunlun suture.     

Cretaceous–Tertiary Rhenodanubian flysch wedge (Eastern Alps): clues to sediment supply and basin configuration from zircon fission-track data

The provenance of Cenomanian to Eocene flysch deposits accreted along the northern margin of the Eastern Alps has been investigated by means of zircon fission-track (FT) geochronology and zircon morphology. The Rhenodanubian flysch and Ybbsitz klippen zone comprise several nappes representing the Main flysch and Laab basins. The Laab basin received sediments of stable European provenance, indicated by pre-Variscan, Variscan, and Permian–Triassic zircon FT ages, and was thus located in the immediate south of the European margin. The Main flysch basin was supplied mainly from the evolving Eastern Alps and was therefore situated south of the Laab basin. Zircon populations with Permian to Jurassic cooling ages in the Main flysch basin are related to increased heat fluxes during the break-up of Pangaea and are probably derived from the northwestern part of the Eastern Alps. The dominant Cretaceous zircon FT cooling ages reflect Eoalpine metamorphism in the Austroalpine realm.     

Tectonic and sedimentary basin evolution of the eastern Bangong–Nujiang zone (Tibet): a Reading cycle

The ophiolite-bearing Bangong-Nujiang zone (BNZ) traversing central Tibet from east to west separates the Qiangtang block in the north from the Lhasa block in the south. Their stratigraphic development indicates that both blocks once formed a continuous continental platform until the Late Triassic. Following Late Paleozoic-Triassic rifting, ocean crust formed between both blocks during the Late Triassic creating the Dongqiao-Naqu basin (DNB) among other basins (Yu et al. 1991). The analysis of the rift flank sequences reveals that rifting was dominated by transtension. The basin was shortened by post-Mid-Cretaceous transpression. Thus, the overall basin evolution represents a Reading cycle despite some active margin processes which gave this cycle a special imprint. Major basin parts were preserved despite transpressional shortening suggesting that the eastern BNZ represents a remnant basin. Our understanding of the DNB solves the prior problem of viewing the BNZ as a Mid-Late Jurassic collisional suture although typical collision-related deformation, thickening, mountain building, as well as related molasse formation are lacking. Our model also explains the scattered linear ophiolite distribution by local transpression of remnant oceanic basin floor without having to consider problematic long range ophiolite thrusting.     

Characterisation of Triassic rifting in Peru and implications for the early disassembly of western Pangaea

Triassic igneous and sedimentary rocks exposed within the basement of the Andes were deposited in a series of rifts, and may record the early disassembly of western Pangaea. These rocks are sporadically exposed along almost the entire length of western South America, although reliable geochronological and isotopic data are sparse. We combine new geochronological (zircon U–Pb), isotopic (Hf, Nd) and geochemical data with stratigraphic observations to constrain the age and tectonic setting of the Mitu Rift of southern Peru. The Peruvian Mitu Rift is compared with other Triassic rifts in Colombia and Ecuador (Palanda Rift; 240–225 Ma), Bolivia (Mitu Rift; Triassic), Bolivia, Chile and Argentina (e.g. Cuyo Basin; 246–230 Ma), and conclusions are reached regarding the relationship between Triassic extension along the western margin of Pangaea, and the eventual formation of the Proto-Caribbean and Central Atlantic oceans. The Mitu Rift (Peru) was active during ~ 245–240 to ~ 220 Ma and was synchronous with rifting along the Pacific margin of Colombia and Ecuador, along the Chilean margin and western Argentina, and probably rifting within Bolivia. Rifting north of the Huancabamba Deflection was accompanied by subduction and led to seafloor spreading, whereas rifting along the Peruvian and Chilean margins mainly occurred in the absence of subduction and terminated prior to the formation of extensive transitional crust. Extension within Peru and Chile probably occurred via a combination of transtension, steepening and detachment of an arrested slab. We propose that plate tectonic forces initiated the early break-up of Pangaea by attenuating its margins and enhancing mantle upwelling. Prolonged extension may have propagated along pre-existing weak zones that extended into the continental interior, captured melts derived from the upwelled mantle forming a LIP (e.g. Central Atlantic Magmatic Province), became hot and weak and eventually lead to the formation of a juvenile ocean (e.g. Central Atlantic).     

Geological Characteristics of Oil and Gas Reservoirs in the Songpan-Aba Area, SW China

The Songpan-Aba area, similar to those basins on the Yangtze block, following the rifting and separation of the Yangtze block, gradually developed into a passive marginal basin on a passive continent margin in Early Paleozoic, and later, with the Qinling-Qilian oceanic crust subduction and ocean closure, the Caledonides were formed and the foreland basin was superimposed upon. Being influenced by the Paleo-Tethyan extension, intra-continental rifting-margin basins were formed in Late Paleozoic. Following the formation of peripheral orogenic belt, the Upper Triassic again superimposed the foreland basin. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic overprinted the faulted basin, forming the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau domes. Hydrocarbon source rock in the Early Paleozoic passive basin, the Upper Paleozoic platform carbonates and the Triassic mudstones comprise the main source-reservoircap combination. Each layer of this area is at the advanced stage of diagenetic evolution, being entered the middle and late diagenetic stages, and anadiagenetic stage. Besides the highly matured Triassic and Permian in Zoige and Hongyuan, almost all the area is at the early stage of over maturatation, generating much methane. This area has the potential for oil and gas.     

四川海相原型盆地的建设与改造

我们把沉积盆地的演化分为建设期和改造期两大阶段,并提出原型盆地恢复的两项主要任务为:重塑盆地建设期的种种特征(包括盆地边界、沉积环境、大地构造背景等)和研究盆地改造期的构造演化特征.对四川海相原型盆地原始边界的地震层析成像研究表明,其结晶基底的北界位于秦岭-大别山造山带下,西北界在松潘-甘孜造山带下,西界和西南界大致与...     

博格达南、北缘成盆过程演化及其对油气形成影响

以博格达地史演化为主线,探讨博格达构造域成盆—成烃—成藏的演化过程。研究认为,博格达构造域时空演化具有明显的分期性、分段性,其演化历程大体经历三个阶段:①泥盆纪—早二叠世西博格达为陆内裂谷阶段,东博格达经历泥盆纪—石炭纪裂谷演化阶段后于石炭纪末期裂谷回返形成褶隆;②晚二叠世—侏罗纪西博格达为裂谷后坳陷阶段,东博格达褶隆进一步隆升形成界山雏形,南缘进入弱压陷—挠曲沉降阶段;③侏罗纪末期—第四纪西博格达裂谷开始回返隆升成山,北缘形成阜康前陆,东博格达界山雏形再度隆起,南缘形成前陆。成盆—成烃—成藏演化史表明,西博格达经历裂谷后期坳陷阶段湖相烃源岩发育（P2）,后期（T-J）深埋,晚期（J末-Q）裂谷回返隆升造山致使油气破坏阶段,造山前期远源运聚成藏较为有利;东博格达南缘经历多期压陷-挠曲沉降,发育湖-沼相多套泥质、煤系烃源岩（P2-J2）互层,前侏罗纪构造格局控制上二叠统油气系统远源运聚成藏,侏罗纪末期以来造山运动所形成的构造格局控制中、下侏罗统油气系统源内（或近源）垂向运聚成藏。     

The Gondwanan margin in West Antarctica: Insights from Late Triassic magmatism of the Antarctic Peninsula

Triassic orthogneisses of the Antarctic Peninsula provide evidence for the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic geological evolution of southern Gondwana within Pangaea. These rocks are sporadically exposed in southeastern Graham Land and northwestern Palmer Land, although reliable geochronological, geochemical and isotopic data are sparse. We combine new geochronological (LA-ICP-MS zircon UPb), geochemical, and zircon (Hf, O) and whole rock isotopic (Nd, Sr and Pb) data to constrain the age and Triassic – Palaeozoic tectonic setting of these rocks. Zircon cores record Palaeozoic arc magmatism between 253 ± 2 and 528 ± 6 Ma, which was mainly located to the west of the Eastern Palmer Land Shear Zone (Central Domain; Vaughan and Storey, 2000). The arc is considered to be an extension of contemporaneous Palaeozoic arcs that have been identified along the Pacific margin of South America and the Thurston Island Block. Regions to the east of the Palmer Land Shear Zone (Eastern Domain, Vaughan and Storey, 2000) were located distal from the Terra Australis Margin, and possibly resided within Sunsas-aged belts within Pangaea. Triassic continental arc, calc-alkaline magmatism during 223–203 Ma modified the crust of the Antarctic Peninsula on both sides of the Eastern Palmer Land Shear Zone. Magmatic sources included igneous and sedimentary crustal material, which formed by crustal reworking during Sunsas- and Braziliano-aged orogenesis, and Palaeozoic arc magmatism. Arc magmatism accompanied sinistral extension which brought both domains into the arc and resulted in steady oceanward migration of the Triassic arc during the Middle – Late Triassic. We propose that sinistral displacement occurred along the Eastern Palmer Land Shear Zone, and this structure was active as early as the Triassic. Finally, we conclude that both the Eastern and Central Domains are autochthonous to Gondwana.     

西昆仑大红柳滩地区原划上三叠统克勒青河群中发现二叠纪化石

通过西昆仑大红柳滩一带地质填图和实测地层剖面,从原划上三叠统克勒青河群中采到了大量孢粉和珊蝴、菊石类等化石,经鉴定其形成时代主体为二叠纪,经区域地层对比,重新厘定为二叠纪黄羊岭群。该生物化石的取得,为分析研究西昆仑微陆块及巴颜喀拉晚古生代—中生代边缘裂陷盆地的地质构造演化,提供了新资料。     

扬子西缘鹤庆—洱源地区晚二叠世—晚三叠世盆-山演化的沉积记录

鹤庆—洱源地区位于扬子板块西缘,西邻“三江”结合带,晚二叠世—晚三叠世经历了完整的盆-山转换过程。通过分析该区地层岩性组合及沉积环境,结合构造事件,厘清了区内盆-山转换的时间格架及各阶段盆地沉积响应。研究结果表明: 区内盆地演化可分为陆内裂谷盆地、坳陷盆地和前陆盆地3个阶段; 裂谷盆地阶段沉积形成了巨厚的玄武岩沉积; 坳陷盆地阶段依次沉积了青天堡组碎屑岩、北衙组灰岩和白云岩; 前陆盆地阶段形成了中窝组和松桂组不整合界面及粗碎屑砾岩。研究成果对研究扬子西缘和“三江”特提斯构造带盆-山演化具有重要的科学意义。     

Regional tectonic framework,structure and evolution of the western marginal basins of India

The Kutch-Saurashtra, Cambay and Narmada basins are pericontinental rift basins in the western margin of the Indian craton. These basins were formed by rifting along Precambrian tectonic trends. Interplay of three major Precambrian tectonic trends of western India, Dharwar (NNW-SSE), Aravalli-Delhi (NE-SW) and Satpura (ENE-WSW), controlled the tectonic style of the basins. The geological history of the basins indicates that these basins were formed by sequential reactivation of primordial faults. The Kutch basin opened up first in the Early Jurassic (rifting was initiated in Late Triassic) along the Delhi trend followed by the Cambay basin in the Early Cretaceous along the Dharwar trend and the Narmada basin in Late Cretaceous time along the Satpura trend. The evolution of the basins took place in four stages. These stages are synchronous with the important events in the evolution of the Indian sub-continent—its breakup from Gondwanaland in the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, its northward drifting during the Jurassic-Cretaceous and collision with the Asian continent in the Early Tertiary. The most important tectonic events occurred in Late Cretaceous time. The present style of the continental margins of India evolved during Early Tertiary time.The Saurashtra arch, the extension of the Aravalli Range across the western continental shelf, subsided along the eastern margin fault of the Cambay basin during the Early Cretaceous. It formed an extensive depositional platform continuous with the Kutch shelf, for the accumulation of thick deltaic sediments. A part of the Saurashtra arch was uplifted as a horst during the main tectonic phase in the Late Cretaceous.The present high thermal regime of the Cambay-Bombay High region is suggestive of a renewed rifting phase.     

Mesozoic Igneous Suites in Hungary: Implications for Genesis and Tectonic Setting in the Northwestern Part of Tethys

Mesozoic igneous rocks occur in various tectonic units of the Intra-Carpathian Area of Eastern Europe. These rocks were situated several hundred km apart from one another during their formation, and subsequent large lateral displacements resulted in their present positions. They formed during a relatively wide temporal range (Middle Triassic to Late Cretaceous) through different petrogenetic processes associated with the Mesozoic evolution of the northwestern part of Tethys.

In the Transdanubian subunit of the Alcapa block, Middle Triassic calc-alkaline, intermediate-to-acidic, and potassic rocks occur as pyroclastics, lava flows, and dikes in the Bakony and Buda mountains. The Gemer-Bükk subunit of the Alcapa block comprises two different igneous series: (1) slightly metamorphosed Middle Triassic volcanic rocks of the Eastern Bukk Mountains, which can be divided into an older (Anisian-Early Ladinian) calc-alkaline, intermediate-to-acidic volcanic series and a younger (Late Ladinian) alkaline basaltic series; and (2) two series of the Middle Triassic to Middle Jurassic ophiolite complex (Bódva Magmatic Series and Darnó-Szarvaskö Magmatic Series), embedded in a tectonic melange and in an olistostrome suite along a SW-NE-oriented zone. The Tisza block contains Early Cretaceous alkaline volcanic rocks in the Mecsek-Alföld subunit.

Strong temporal and geochemical correlations have been observed between the Middle Triassic volcanic rocks of the Bakony and Buda mountains and the Southern Alps, and those of the Eastern Bükk Mountains and the Outer Dinarides. We propose that all these rocks were formed during the same extension-related volcanic activity along the Southern Alps-Bakony and Buda mountains-Eastern Bükk Mountains-Dinarides region. The Middle Triassic-Middle Jurassic ultramafic-mafic igneous rocks of the Gemer-Bükk subunit can be correlated with the ophiolites of the Inner Dinarides. Geochemistry of the mafic rocks is consistent with an origin from an N-MORB and E-MORB source mantle. The Middle to Late Triassic ultramafic and mafic rocks of the Bódva and Darnó-Szarvaskö series could have originated along the mid-oceanic ridge system of the northwestern segment of the Vardar ocean (Meliaticum). The Middle Jurassic igneous rocks of the Darno-Szarvasko series could have corresponded to the opening of a back-arc basin. Early Cretaceous alkaline volcanic rocks of the Mecsek-Alföld zone in the Tisza block formed as a result of continental rifting along the southern margin of the European plate. Two volcanic series-a mafic and a sodic group-were generated from an OIB-like asthenospheric mantle. Separation of the Tisza block from the European plate occurred contemporaneously with volcanic activity during the late Early Cretaceous.     

扬子板块东南边缘海西-印支期边缘前陆盆地演化及南方大地构造问题

序言前陆盆地是由板块碰撞引起侧向挤压,进而形成冲断推覆体(thrust mass)加载于大陆边缘,使大陆地壳周缘前陆隆起(peripheral forebulge)形成的一种不对称盆地,它的一侧与发育周缘前陆隆起的克拉通大陆为邻,另一侧靠近冲断推覆体。靠近冲断推覆体侧的一端主要发育陆源碎屑沉积,而靠近克拉通大陆的一边则发育成为碳酸盐台地。由于碰撞后大陆岩石圈的持续俯冲,造成冲断推覆体跨过先前被动大陆边缘,进而向克拉通陆内迁移发展,致使碳酸盐台地最终全被陆源碎屑掩埋。最初,冲断推覆体位于海平面之下,随着冲断推覆体叠加而成山链,加载于大陆边缘薄的外部地壳之上,沿缝合线形成一个深而狭长的边缘海槽地,接受陆源泥和深海沉积物沉     

库车坳陷的地质结构及其对大油气田的控制作用

库车坳陷是在晚二叠世之前的古生代褶皱基底上历经晚二叠世-三叠纪的前陆盆地、侏罗-古近纪的伸展坳陷盆地和新近纪-第四纪陆内前陆盆地的演化而形成的。基底中的软弱层、侏罗系煤层和古近系库姆格列木组与新近系吉迪克组膏盐(泥)岩构成了自山前向盆地内部逐渐抬升的滑脱面,与自山前向盆地内部逐渐趋缓的地表面构成楔形体。该楔形冲断体的内部结构具有"垂向分层、横向分带与纵向分段"特点,NW向的阿瓦特-喀拉玉尔滚和NE向的库车横向构造转换带将其分割为乌什、拜城与阳霞3个构造区段。构造层发育特点决定了库车坳陷发育三叠-侏罗系的区域展布的有效烃源岩和(侏罗系、)白垩系-第三系储盖组合;分层变形特点导致盐下层形成叠瓦冲断构造组合,冲断层成为油源断层;叠瓦式的冲断层相关褶皱背斜组合导致了复式天然气聚集区带的形成,即在大北-克拉苏式的构造带上每一冲断层相关褶皱背斜带独立成藏,复合连片形成复式油气聚集(区)带,目前拜城北、克深、克拉苏背斜带已呈现这种趋势;撕裂断层则决定着构造带上具体的油气富集区段。库车坳陷油气资源丰富,地质结构特点决定了不同类型油气田分布的分区性。     

Topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and their relation to the Junggar and Turpan Basins,Central Asia,from the Permian to the Neogene

The modern Tianshan Mountains and their surrounding basins have mainly been shaped by the far field effects of the Cenozoic India-Asia collision. However, precollision topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and its impacts on the Junggar and Turpan Basins remain unclear due to the scarcity of data. Detrital zircon U-Pb dating of 14 new and 23 published samples from Permian to Neogene strata in the northern Western Tianshan Mountains, northern and southern Bogda Mountains and Central Turpan Basin, are combined with sedimentary characteristics (lithofacies, petrofacies and paleocurrent data) to investigate the temporal and spatial changes in sediment provenances. Based on the age characteristics of the source rocks in the Tianshan Mountains, the detrital zircons are divided into three groups: pre-Carboniferous zircons, mainly from the Central Tianshan Mountains; Carboniferous to Permian zircons, mainly from the North Tianshan and Bogda Mountains; and Mesozoic zircons, mainly from syn-depositional volcanic activity. The topographic evolution of the Tianshan Mountains and their relation to the Junggar and Turpan Basins can be generally divided into six stages. (1) Positive-relief Tianshan and Bogda Mountains and a rifted marine basin formed during the Early Permian to early Middle Permian following late Carboniferous orogenesis, as evidenced by interbedded alluvial fan conglomerates and postcollisional extension-related volcanic rocks along the basin margins, by marine deposits far from the basin margins and by the predominance of Carboniferous to Permian detrital zircons. (2) Fluvial to lacustrine deposits in the modern southern Junggar and Turpan Basins are characterized by abundant pre-Carboniferous zircons and consistently northward-flowing paleocurrents, indicating the submergence of the Bogda Mountains and a contiguous Junggar-Turpan continental depression basin during the late Middle Permian to the Triassic. (3) The Bogda Mountains began to uplift in the Early Jurassic, resulting in opposing paleocurrent directions, a sudden increase in sedimentary lithic detritus and the dominance of Carboniferous to Permian detrital zircons along the southern and northern margins of this range. (4) In contrast to the uplift of the Bogda Mountains, the other parts of the Tianshan Mountains experienced gradual peneplanation from the Early Jurassic to the Middle Jurassic, as confirmed by widespread fluvial to lacustrine deposits, even inside the modern Tianshan Mountains, and by the dominance of pre-Carboniferous detrital zircons. (5) The dominance of Carboniferous to Permian zircons in the southern Junggar Basin suggests the West Tianshan Mountains were uplifted during the Late Jurassic, while the dominance of pre-Carboniferous zircons in the Central Turpan Basin indicates continuous peneplanation in the Eastern Tianshan Mountains. (6) The initial shape of the Tianshan Mountains-Junggar Basin-Turpan Basin system was constructed in the Late Jurassic but was modified in the Cenozoic by the India-Asia collision, resulting in much higher Western Tianshan and Bogda Mountains, low Eastern Tianshan Mountains and well-developed foreland basins. These Cenozoic changes were recorded by the rapid cooling of apatites, the dominance of Carboniferous to Permian zircons in the southern Junggar Basin and northern Turpan Basin, and the dominance of pre-Carboniferous zircons in the Central Turpan Basin.     

金沙江造山带碰撞后地壳伸展背景——火山成因块状硫化物矿床的重要成矿环境

近年来对金沙江造山带区域地质、矿床地质和岩石地球化学新资料的研究和典型火山成因块状硫化物(VHMS)矿床的解剖,金沙江造山带的VHMS成矿作用主要发生于早二叠世晚期—晚二叠世海相弧火山岩和晚三叠世裂谷盆地海相火山岩中,构成西南三江地区一条重要的多金属块状硫化物成矿带。成矿带内晚三叠世碰撞后地壳伸展背景下形成的上叠裂谷盆地是其VHMS成矿作用的主体,盆地中火山活动从早期的双峰式火山岩演变为晚期的中酸性火山岩,岩石地球化学特征与孤火山岩有明显的区别,反映其形成于伸展背景。伸展盆地的早期阶段,在双峰火山岩组合的高钾流纹质火山岩系中产出鲁春式VHMS矿床,具有Zn-Cu-Pb-Ag金属组合特征,形成于深水环境;伸展盆地的晚期阶段,在中酸性火山岩系与上覆碳酸盐岩接触带中产出赵卡隆式VHMS矿床,具有Ag-Fe-Pb-Zn金属组合特征,形成于浅水环境;盆地的末期阶段,在滨浅海相磨拉石碎屑岩中产出里仁卡式石膏矿床。金沙江造山带碰撞后地壳伸展背景下VHMS成矿作用的研究,对于造山带中的找矿工作具有重要的指导意义。     

Clastic Rocks from Permian and Triassic Cherty Sequences in Sikhote Alin and Japan

Specific structural–textural and mineralogical–petrographic features of clastic rocks, which make up sparse thin layers within Permian and Triassic cherty sequences in Sikhote Alin and Japan, are discussed. The cherty sequences were retained in the Jurassic accretionary complex as fragments of sedimentary cover of an ancient oceanic basin. They were mainly formed by turbidity currents that originated on intrabasinal uplifts composed of tholeiitic basalts in the Permian. In the Triassic, the currents originated on uplifts consisting of ocean-island alkali basalts along with Permian and Lower Triassic cherty and cherty–clayey rocks. The compositional difference of provenances was apparently caused by tectonic events in the oceanic basin at the Permian/Triassic boundary.     

渤海湾地区的中生代盆地构造概论

根据 1∶5 0万渤海湾新生代盆地区基岩地质图揭示的残留中生代地层的分布及构造变形特征 ,渤海湾地区的中生代盆地可以分为 5期。早—中三叠世、晚三叠世盆地为克拉通内部大型坳陷盆地 ,其中晚三叠世盆地仅分布在渤海湾西南部地区。早—中侏罗世盆地分布于印支运动形成的向斜坳陷核部 ,属于压陷挠曲型盆地。晚侏罗世—早白垩世盆地分布广泛 ,属于裂陷盆地 ;晚白垩世盆地属于后裂陷阶段的坳陷盆地。这些盆地受印支运动、燕山运动影响而发生反转。印支运动在渤海湾地区的东、西部的表现有明显差异。西部变形弱、以近EW向宽缓褶皱变形为主 ,东部变形强、并叠加了NE向褶皱和逆冲断层变形。早燕山运动使渤海湾地区形成宽缓的大型NE向褶皱变形 ,并使早—中侏罗世盆地发生反转和逆冲断层变形 ;中、晚燕山运动基本没有在渤海湾地区形成褶皱构造变形 ,而是表现为晚侏罗—早白垩世盆地和晚白垩世盆地的区域性反转隆升。下—中侏罗统沉积之后 ,渤海湾地区的构造格局发生基本变革 ,进入以裂陷盆地为主的构造演化时期。     

中国西南特提斯构造演化—幔柱构造控制

基于对中国西南特提斯巨型造山系的时空结构和构造－岩浆事件分析研究提出．泥盆－石炭纪时期出现于昌都－思茅陆块两侧的热幔柱导致了金沙江洋和澜沧江洋成对打开，热幔柱岩浆作用沿洋脊产出苦橄玄武岩和洋岛玄武岩，并造成区域地球化学异常。二叠纪末期出现于昌都－思茅－印支中央陆块下的冷幔柱导致了两大洋向该陆块下俯冲消减，陆块两缘发育沟－弧－盆体系，构成冷幔柱的洋壳板片在２００Ｍａ时期堆积沉落，诱发板块后继俯冲，产生滞后型孤火山－岩浆岩。发育于冈瓦纳大陆北缘的德干热幔柱在株罗纪导致怒江洋和雅鲁藏布江洋相继打开，在白垩纪末期（６６Ｍａ）形成德干玄武岩省。发育于劳亚大陆南缘的峨眉热幔柱在二叠纪，导致峨眉火成岩省的形成，在早中三叠世使甘孜－理塘断裂带扩张成洋。冷幔柱的持续发生，决定了雅鲁藏布江洋和甘孜－理塘向昌都－思茅陆块方向的俯冲消减，以及来自冈瓦纳大陆和劳亚大陆陆块分别向昌都－思茅陆块南北两侧拚贴和碰撞。