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1.
Yu Higuchi Yutaka Yanagimoto Kazuyoshi Hoshi Sadao Unou Fumio Akiba Kunishige Tonoike Keita Koda 《Island Arc》2007,16(3):374-393
Abstract To clarify the regional distribution and characteristics of the sedimentary deposits in the northern part of the Philippine Sea, multichannel seismic reflection surveys of 26 864 km in total length were performed. The seismic reflection data were interpreted and correlated with available Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program (DSDP/ODP) data and a general stratigraphic framework of the area was established. The sedimentary deposits in this area were divided into five layers; Units I, II, III, IV and V in ascending order. Their approximate geological ages are the Early Eocene, Middle to Late Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Pliocene‐Pleistocene, respectively. Seismic records were classified into three seismic facies, Facies A, B and C, on the basis of their characteristics. They were judged to represent pelagic and hemipelagic sediments of non‐volcanic origin, fine pyroclastic sediments and coarse pyroclastic or volcanic sediments, respectively, by comparing them with lithological data in the DSDP/ODP holes. From the thickness and facies distributions of these sediments, a sedimentary history in the area was reconstructed as follows. The oldest sediments in the study area, Unit I, interfinger with some parts of the Daito Ridge (acoustic basement) in the Minami Daito Basin. The geological age of the unit is estimated by microfossils in the sediment and supports the idea that this part of the Daito Ridge is composed of the Early Eocene oceanic basalt. Later, a fair amount of sediments were deposited in the Minami Daito Basin in the Middle to Late Eocene age. A large volume of volcanic materials was supplied from the Paleo‐Kyushu‐Palau Ridge in the Kita Daito Basin in the Eocene and Oligocene ages. The eastern part of the Shikoku and Parece Vela basins is characterized by volcanic sediments supplied from the Nishi Shichito and West Mariana Ridges in the Miocene age. However, pelagic and hemipelagic sediments prevail in the northern part of the Shikoku Basin in the Miocene or later. In short, the area of principal sedimentation has generally shifted from west to east through geological time, reflecting the evolution of the island arc systems with the same trend in the northern Philippine Sea. 相似文献
2.
ZHANG ZhenGuo DU YuanSheng WU ChangHang FANG NianQiao YANG ShengXiong LIU Jian SONG ChengBing 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2013,(3):453-463
In the northern South China Sea,the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediment during Cenozoic rendered well-developed polymetallic nodules very rare.In this study,we analyzed a polymetallic nodule from the northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea using microscopic mineralogical observation,electron probes,X-ray diffraction(XRD),ICP-MS,and Be isotope dating.We found the nodule’s shell layers rich in different types of microstructures,including columnar,laminar,stack-like,petal-like,and porphyritic structures.The major mineral components of the nodule are MnO2.Unlike nodules from the eastern Pacific basin,this nodule has high contents in Fe,Si,Al,and REEs but low contents in Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni.The Mn/Fe ratio is also low and the average REEs content is 1370.4 ppm.There is a strong positive anomaly of Ce;and the Be(beryllium) isotope dating shows the initial time of growth of the nodule to be about 3.29 Ma.The inner compact layer formed from 3.29 Ma to about 1.83 Ma.The laminar and stack-like structures and the low contents of the terrigenous elements such as Fe,Si,REE,and Al indicate the paleoceanographical environment with weak undersea currents and favorable oxidizing conditions.From 1.83 Ma to 0.73 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule increased by about 3%;the microstructures formed during this period are stack-like and columnar.The contents of Si and Al are increased by nearly 10%,indicating an increase of terrigenous sediment input in the northern South China Sea.The content of Ce is decreased by about 16%,indicating a significant weakening of the oxidizing conditions at the seabed.From 0.73 Ma to 0.69 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule rapidly rose up to 8.27 times that of the nodule’s average growth rate,and the contents of Fe,Al,and REEs in the layer also increased,forming a loose layer characterized by oolitic,granular,porphyritic,and petal-like structures,indicating the paleoceanographical environment with a high sedimemtation rate and abundant supply of terrigenous sediment in the northern South China Sea.From 0.69 Ma to 0.22 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule suddenly slowed and the outer compact layer formed.Contents of Fe,Si,REE,Al,Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni in this layer were significantly lower than in other layers.The main structures of the layer are laminar and fissure filling structures.These reflect the paleoceanographical environment with stable undersea currents,poor oxidizing conditions,and other conditions not conducive to nodule growth.The growth process of nodule S04-1DG-1 was found to respond sensitively to the changes of the paleoceanographical environment of the northern South China Sea during the late Cenozoic. 相似文献
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Cenozoic sedimentary records and geochronological constraints of differential uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
KeXin Zhang GuoCan Wang Kai Cao Chao Liu ShuYuan Xiang HanLie Hong XiaoHu Kou YaDong Xu FenNing Chen YanNing Meng RuiMing Chen 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(11):1658-1672
Geological mapping data (1:250000) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its adjacent regions reveal the sediment sequences, distribution and tectonic evolution of the 92 Tertiary remnant basins. Southern Tibet and the Yecheng area in Xinjiang, located at southern and northwestern margins of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, respectively, were parts of the Neo-Tethys remnant sea in the Paleogene. In southern Tibet, both the subabyssal and abyssal sequences occur at the Gyangze, Saga, Guoyala, and Sangmai areas. The deep-water facies successions outcrop in the west, whereas the shallow-water facies sequences in the east, indicating the east to the west retreat of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. The retreat of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in the east was contributed to the earlier tectonic uplift of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The uplift process of the Plateau from the Late Cretaceous to Pliocene is described as follows: During the Late Cretaceous, tectonic uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau occurred in the northeastern part and the configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was characterized by rise in the northeast and depression in the west. In the Paleocene-Eocene interval, the Tengchong-Baingoin and Kuyake-Golmud areas experienced local tectonic uplifting, the West Kunlun uplift zone broadened easterly, the Qilian uplift zone broadened southerly, and the Songpan-Garzê uplift zone shrank easterly. The Oligocene configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was characterized by mountain chains rising along its margins and sedimentary basins in the central part because of tectonic uplifts of the Gangdisê and the Himalaya blocks. Meanwhile, the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian uplift zones have also broadened southerly and northerly. In contrast, the great uplift zones of the Gangdisê, the Himalaya, the Karakorum, and the Kunlun blocks characterize the paleogeographic contours of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Miocene-Pliocene. Additionally, the thermochronological data on tectonic uplift events in southern Tibet, West Kunlun Mountains, Altyn Tagh, eastern Tibet, and western Sichuan all suggest that the most intense deformation occurred at 13-8 Ma and since 5 Ma, respectively, corresponding to two great uplift periods in Neogene. As a result, turnover of paleogeographic configuration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau occurred during the Neogene, experiencing a change from high contours in the east in the pre-Oligocene to high contours in the west at the end-Pliocene. The uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Cenozoic was episodic, and the uplifts of various blocks within the Plateau were spatially and chronologically different. 相似文献
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地震构造带是地震地质研究最重要的内容之一.几十年来,许多研究者对我国所有已知的地震构造带进行了大量的调查研究,但这些都是老(先存)断层带新活动而导致地震的构造带.笔者通过多年的研究发现,还存在新构造时期(N-Q)才产生的断层带或地震构造带.揭示出唐山-河间-磁县、庙西北-黄河口和腾冲-耿马-澜沧等几条新生地震构造带.由... 相似文献
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五台山是中国三级地貌重要分界线之一太行山脉海拔最高的山,其隆升历史的研究对中国三级地貌形成时代的确定具有重要意义.沿五台山最高峰北台顶向北自上而下至山根和阜平县境内长城岭地区海拔最高点向东自上而下至山根两条剖面,分别采集一系列岩石样品,最后挑选16个样品进行磷灰石裂变径迹研究.通过对封闭径迹长度分布直方图的分析,表明五台山样品自晚白垩纪末以来一直在单调冷却,即五台山在持续地隆升;通过对样品径迹年龄-高程图的分析,同时结合热史模拟及Excel数据拟合,表明晚白垩纪末以来五台山的隆升为分阶段幕式过程,共经历了三期快速隆升:74~58 Ma、46~31 Ma及15 Ma左右.五台山晚白垩纪末以来的隆升与太行山其他地区及周边张宣隆起、泰山等其他山系的隆升在时间上存在对应关系,所以,五台山新生代隆升为区域性构造演化的一部分. 相似文献
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Cenozoic volcanism and lithospheric tectonic evolution in Qiangtang area, northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
CHI Xiaoguo LI Cai & JIN Wei College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(7)
Accompanying with the shortening,thickening and uplifting of the lithosphere,a series of Cenozoic potassic volcanic rock zones are developed in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.From south to north,the volcanic rocks can be divided into three volcanicrock belts:Qiangtang-Nangqian volcanic belt,Middle Kunlun-Hoh Xil volcanic belt and Western Kunlun-Eastern Kunlun volcanic belt[1].Spatiotemporal evolu-tion of the volcanism and the origins of magmas con-strains on the pulsing uplifting and … 相似文献
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查干凹陷是中国内蒙古银根-额济纳旗盆地中最具有勘探潜力的凹陷.为了揭示其构造-热演化历史,本文利用35个磷灰石裂变径迹和119个镜质体反射率数据,采用耦合反演的方法恢复了查干凹陷白垩纪以来的热历史.结果显示查干凹陷白垩系具有高的古地温梯度,并且查干凹陷经历了地温梯度快速增加阶段(K1b-K1s),地温梯度高峰阶段(K1y),高地温延续阶段(K2w)和热沉降阶段(Cz)四个构造-热演化阶段.此外,基于热史恢复结果,正演获得查干凹陷高的古地温梯度有利于烃源岩成熟生烃,早白垩世的高古地温梯度控制着该地区的烃源岩有机质的热演化.本文的研究成果可以为下一步油气资源评价和勘探决策提供基础依据. 相似文献
9.
长江口海域新生代地层与断裂活动性初探 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
长江口海域通过浅层人工地震勘察查明,新生代地层可分为5个地震层。分别为第四系、上新统、中新统上段、中新统下段及始新统。第三纪地层自东北向西南依次超覆、减薄尖灭,上部被第四纪地层不整合覆盖。沉积基底主要由晚侏罗世火山岩系及燕山晚期酸性小岩体构成,未发现早第三纪及晚白垩世断陷盆地。断裂构造很发育,按展布方向大体可归为北东、北西及近东西向3组,皆为正断层。前两者数量多、延伸长、断距大,与同区的航磁异常构架吻合。北东向断裂分段明显,西南段为第四纪断裂,中段为晚第三纪断裂,东北段为早第三纪断裂;而北西向断裂分段不很清晰。两者的垂直位移速率平均在0.015mm/a。本文对该海域有关的几个地质问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
10.
Preliminary Study on Cenozoic Group and Fault Activity in the Sea Area Near the Yangtze River Mouth 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
By shallow seismic prospecting, the Cenozoic Group in the sea area near the Yangtze Rver Mouth can be divided into five seismic sequences. They correspond to the Quaternary,Pliocene, Upper Miocene, Lower Miocene and Eocene respectively. The Quaternary System covers all the detecting area. The Tertiary System overlaps and thins out from NE to SW. The sedimentary basement mainly consists of volcanic rock (J3) and acidic rock (r35). Paleogene or Late Cretaceous basins are not found there. The faults that have been detected are all normal faults. They can be divided into three groups (NE, NW, near EW) by their trend. The NE and NW-trending faults are predominant, and agree with aeromagnetic anomaly. Their length and displacement are larger than that of the EW-trending faults. The activity of the NEtrending faults is different in different segments. The SW segment is a Quaternary fault, the middle segment is a Neogene fault, The NE is Paleogene. But the segment of the NW-trending fault is not obvious. The average vertical displacement rate is about 0.015mm/a. 相似文献
11.
Texture and tectonic attribute of Cenozoic basin basement in the northern South China Sea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
SUN XiaoMeng ZHANG XuQing ZHANG GongCheng LU BaoLiang YUE JunPei ZHANG Bin 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(6):1199-1211
Based on the drilling data,the geological characteristics of the coast in South China,and the interpretation of the long seismic profiles covering the Pearl River Mouth Basin and southeastern Hainan Basin,the basin basement in the northern South China Sea is divided into four structural layers,namely,Pre-Sinian crystalline basement,Sinian-lower Paleozoic,upper Paleozoic,and Mesozoic structural layers.This paper discusses the distribution range and law and reveals the tectonic attribute of each structural layer.The Pre-Sinian crystalline basement is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is linked to the Pre-Sinian crystalline basement of the Cathaysian Block and together they constitute a larger-scale continental block—the Cathaysian-northern South China Sea continental block.The Sinian-lower Paleozoic structural layer is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is the natural extension of the Caledonian fold belt in South China to the sea area.The sediments are derived from southern East China Sea-Taiwan,Zhongsha-Xisha islands and Yunkai ancient uplifts,and some small basement uplifts.The Caledonian fold belt in the northern South China Sea is linked with that in South China and they constitute the wider fold belt.The upper Paleozoic structural layer is unevenly distributed in the northern South China.In the basement of Beibu Gulf Basin and southwestern Taiwan Basin,the structural layer is composed of the stable epicontinental sea deposit.The distribution areas in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the southeastern Hainan Basin belong to ancient uplifts in the late Paleozoic,lacking the upper Paleozoic structural layers.The stratigraphic distribution and sedimentary environment in Middle-Late Jurassic to Cretaceous are characteristic of differentiation in the east and the west.The marine,paralic deposit is well developed in the basin basement of southwestern Taiwan but the volcanic activity is not obvious.The marine and paralic facies deposit is distributed in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin basement and the volcanic activity is stronger.The continental facies volcano-sediment in the Early Cretaceous is distributed in the basement of the western Pearl River Mouth Basin and Southeastern Hainan Basin.The Upper Cretaceous red continental facies clastic rocks are distributed in the Beibu Gulf Basin and Yinggehai Basin.The NE direction granitic volcanic-intrusive complex,volcano-sedimentary basin,fold and fault in Mesozoic basement have the similar temporal and spatial distribution,geological feature,and tectonic attribute with the coastal land in South China,and they belong to the same magma-deposition-tectonic system,which demonstrates that the late Mesozoic structural layer was formed in the background of active continental margin.Based on the analysis of basement structure and the study on tectonic attribute,the paleogeographic map of the basin basement in different periods in the northern South China Sea is compiled. 相似文献
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作为西太平洋最大的边缘海,南海分布有30多个新生代沉积盆地,其蕴含着丰富的油气资源.但由于资料的限制,南海存在不同区域盆地研究程度不同,不同区域盆地面积差别较大,部分盆地只是坳陷而没有达到盆地的级别以及盆地外围可能存在凹陷等问题.南海新生代盆地分布问题制约了其油气分布规律、储量等基础地质问题的研究.本文以地震剖面数据为约束,以重力资料为主、辅以磁力资料,研究了南海新生代盆地分布及构造区划.通过提取新生代盆地及其构造单元引起的重力异常,结合地震剖面等资料反演了新生界底界面深度及新生界厚度.在充分调研已有盆地和构造单元划分方案的基础上,根据南海的地质及地球物理特征,确定了盆地及构造单元划分标准.以新生界厚度为基础并结合重、磁、震、地质等资料,进行地质-重磁震联合解释,将南海原有的36个盆地重新划分为24个盆地,盆地总面积扩大了约15万km2.研究表明,南海新生代盆地沉积层厚度在1.5~16 km之间,有6个北东东/北东向沉积坳陷带、2个近南北向沉积坳陷带以及1个三角沉积坳陷区;盆地展布方向主要为北东和北东东向,其次为北西和近南北向,呈现"南三北三"的分布特征. 相似文献
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Cenozoic basin development and its indication of plateau growth in the Xunhua-Guide district 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Xunhua, Guide and Tongren Basins are linked with the Laji Mountain and the northern West Qinling thrust belts in the Xunhua-Guide district. Basin depositional stratigraphy consists of the Oligocene Xining Group, the uppermost Oligocene-Pliocene Guide Group and the Lower Pleistocene. They are divided into three basin phases by unconformities. Basin phase 1 is composed of the Xining Group, and Basin phase 2 of the Zharang, Xiadongshan, Herjia and Ganjia Conglomerate Formations in the Guide Group, and Basin phase 3 of the Gonghe Formation and the Lower Pleistocene. Three basin phases all develop lacustrine deposits at their lower parts, and alluvial-braided channel plain depositional systems at upper parts, which constitute a coarsening-upward and progradational sequence. Basin deposition, paleocurrent and provenance analyses represent that large lacustrine basin across the Laji Mountain was developed and sourced from the West Qinling thrust belt during the stage of the Xining Group (Basin phase 1), and point-dispersed alluvial fan-braided channel plain deposition systems were developed beside the thrust and uplifted Laji Mountain and sourced from it, as thrusting migrated northwards during the stage of the Guide Group (Basin phase 2). Evolution of basin-mountain system in the study area significantly indicates the growth process of the distal Tibetan Plateau. The result shows that the Tibetan Plateau expanded to the northern West-Qinling at Oligocene (29―21.4 Ma) by means of northward folded-and-thrust thickening and uplifting and frontal foreland basin filling, and across the study area to North Qilian and Liupan Mountain at the Miocene-Pliocene (20.8―2.6 Ma) by means of two-sided basement-involved-thrust thickening and uplifting and broken foreland basin filling, and the distant end of Tibetan Plateau behaved as regional erosion and intermontane basin aggradational filling during the Pliocene and early Pleistocene (2.6―1.7 Ma). 相似文献
14.
Late Cenozoic deformation subsequence in northeastern margin of Tibet --Detrital AFT records from Linxia Basin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Two events of Tibet uplifting are revealed by detrital apatite fission track (AFT) age data from Linxia Basin. They occurred at about 14 and 5.4-8.0 MaBP respectively. We interpret the first one to be related to the uplifting of the northern Tibet, which might have resulted from convectively removing the thickened lower lithosphere. The second one is a result of Laji Mountain uplifting. Numerous studies of the Tibetan Plateau suggest that the onset time of the deformation in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and the time of Tibet attaining to its present elevation is about 8 MaBP. They are approximately coincident with the uplift of Lajishan Mountain. It suggests that the northeastern margin of Tibet propagated northeastwardly to its present site in about 8 MaBP for accommodating the sustained convergence between India-Eurasia plate and for keeping its high elevation. The active block pattern dominating the strong earthquake distribution of Chinese continent probably formed at about 8.0-5.4 MaBP. 相似文献
15.
Abstract Geological mapping using detailed tectonic and complex radiolarian analysis revealed significant northward displacement of a number of Russian Far and Northeast Asia terranes. It was recorded that some terranes possibly crossed the equator. Terranes of north-east Russia were composed of different allochthonous formations, ranging in age from Middle Triassic to Maestrichtian-Paleocene and accumulated from the margin to oceanic basins. The Middle to Upper Triassic interval included two formations: (i) volcanogenic, consisting of typical volcanic rocks of the island arcs (up to 800 m thick); and (ii) a chert-limestone-terrigenous one composed of marginal sandstone, siltstone, limestone and tuffic chert (about 400 m). Lower Jurassic allochthonous formations are represented by chert-terrigenous (about 300 m) and jasper-alkaline-basaltic (WPB-type) seamount deposits (about 100 m). Middle Jurassic to Hauterivian allochthonous terranes from the northern part of the Koryak-Kamchatka region include five formations: jasper (bedding jaspers with condensed limestone lenses with Buchias, 80 m), jasper-basalt (with MORB, 100-150 m), ferrotitanic basalt (WPB with lenses of jasper mainly composed of genus Parvicingula, about 75%, 150 m), terrigenous-volcanic (with MORB, IAT, CA basalts and olistostrome, 600 m), tuffic-jasper-basalt (MORB and deposits of arc-trench system, about 500 m) with the same age according to radiolarian data. Aptian? Albian-Maestrichtian ones are predominantly terrigenous-tuffaceous-siliceous. Moreover, the Early and Middle Jurassic faunas of the northwest Pacific margin contain many boreal elements similar to those of New Zealand (Southern Hemisphere), Japan, ODP Site 801. The Late Jurassic faunas of the Koryak and Kamchatka region are mainly North Tethyan and seldom Central Tethyan and are very closely related to those of the Americas. The Tithonian to Early Cretaceous radiolarian are predominantly Central Tethyan and Equatorial in contrast to Boreal Late Cretaceous. The combining in the same region at 60°N Pacific margin of the formations accumulated in different tectonic paleoenvironments and paleoclimatic provinces, is good evidence for the possible significant northward displacement of some terranes in the northwestern Pacific. 相似文献
16.
应用多个地震活动参数来判定断裂带分段落活动习性的方法,分析安徽省新生代构造变形带不同分段落的现今活动习性及地震危险性。研究结果表明:安徽省新生代构造变形带中存在着9个具有不同现今活动习性的分段落,其中,霍邱-风台、铜陵-宁国、明光-肥东3个段落现今活动习性处于较高应力背景下的相对闭锁状态.应属于有一定应变积累的潜在中强震危险段落:其它6个段落.现今活动习性处于中等或偏低应力背景下,以频繁或稀疏小震滑动为特征.未来复发中强以上地震的可能性较小。 相似文献
17.
根据高分辨率重、磁测网数据的分析,结合多波束海底地貌的构造解释,南海海盆新生代经历了两期不同动力特征的海底扩张,25 Ma的沉积-构造事件是其重要分界.早期扩张从约33.5 Ma开始至25 Ma停止,在东部海盆南、北两侧和西北海盆形成了具有近E-W向或NEE向磁条带的老洋壳,是近NNW-SSE向扩张的产物;晚期扩张从25 Ma开始至16.5 Ma结束,在东部海盆中央区和西南海盆形成了具有NE向磁条带的新洋壳,是NW-SE向扩张的产物.南海海盆分区特点明显,南北分区,东西分段.从南到北可进一步分为3个亚区,南、北亚区由早期扩张产生,而晚期扩张的中央亚区从东到西又可进一步分为6个洋段,中间均由NNW或NW向断裂分割,是扩张中脊分段性的表现.南海晚期扩张具有渐进式扩张的特点,虽然它们均于磁条带异常C5c停止扩张,但开始扩张的时间从东部的C6c(23.5 Ma),到中部的C6b(22.8 Ma),一直变新到西部的C5e(18.5 Ma).东部海盆与西南海盆之间的NNW向断裂是分割两海盆的边界断裂,不仅切割了磁条带异常,控制了两海盆不同的地球物理场特征,而且还使扩张中脊左行平移约95km,造成扩张中心和磁条带不连续.南海海盆扩张期间,其东部没有菲律宾群岛封闭,当时是一个面向大洋的港湾,与亚丁湾洋盆可以对比,是洋中脊向大陆边缘入侵的产物. 相似文献
18.
Abstract A review of the chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish fossils found in Japan is provided in the form of a series of tabular compilations covering the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic Era. On the basis of this compilation, considerable changes are recognized in the fish faunas over a period of time. At the end of the Cretaceous Period a number of cartilaginous fishes disappeared. From the Oligocene to the Miocene, modern sharks including the family Carcharhinidae increased, whereas the Hexanchidae and Lamnidae declined. Most Miocene teleostean fishes differ from the Recent congeners at the species level. 相似文献
19.
中国西南天山山前的晚新生代构造与地震活动 总被引:40,自引:0,他引:40
天山是研究现今陆内造山作用及过程、陆内变形、陆内强震及其预测等大陆动力学问题的理想实验场。西南天山和塔里木之间的新生代褶皱-逆断裂带基本上由一南冲弧形推覆构造系统和一向北反冲的构造系统组成,由北而南主要由以下4个运动学单元组成:(1)新生代复活的喀拉铁热克山-天山南脉古生代造山带,其快速变形和抬升可能起始于23-26Ma前,持续至13-16Ma前。(2)向南逆冲的西南天山前陆薄皮主冲断带,包括木兹杜克弧形薄皮推覆体和依柯冲断带,前者代表了向南薄皮逆掩的天山型岩系,地表主要表现为一系列的飞来峰群,在14Ma前曾有过大规模活动,最小缩短量约为20-35km,最小缩短速率为1.4-2.8mm/a;后者代表了向南叠瓦状薄皮逆冲推覆的前陆古生代基底(塔里木地台型沉积岩系)卷入构造,其西段在距今14Ma时曾有过强烈活动。两者共同组成了一复杂的双重构造;新生代地层也卷入变形。(3)喀什-阿图什弧形反冲褶皱-逆断裂带,由3排向北(天山)反冲的左阶雁列展布的第四纪地表滑脱褶皱组成,仅在大山口以西发育。该构造带形成于距今约1.4Ma以后。依什拉克喀拉乌尔断裂以南,博古孜河剖面的最小缩短速率约为5.8mm/a,翁库尔剖面的最小缩短速率约为8.6mm/a。(4)塔里木克拉通下盘块体,向北西方向缓倾,内部变形较小。里木块体西北存在明显的不均匀性,其学问基底高角度逆断裂和走滑断裂控制了盆地新生代沉积的厚度,导致西南天山前陆冲断带的地形地貌、地层、构造变形样式、变形时间以及变形缩短量沿走向的巨大差异性。迈丹-喀拉铁克断裂和阿图什断裂带均为岩石圈规模断裂,研究区的中强地震主要发生在这两条断裂带以及它们之间的西南天山前陆冲断带上。 相似文献
20.
Abstract Based on a field analysis of slip vectors from Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks and coupled with rift basin analysis in north China, the Cenozoic deformation history of the Tancheng–Lujiang (Tan–Lu) Fault Zone can be divided into three main phases: early Tertiary normal faulting and northwest–southeast extension; Miocene normal faulting and northeast–southwest to north‐northeast–south‐southwest extension; and Quaternary dextral strike–slip faulting and east‐northeast transpression. The early Tertiary extension, which was responsible for rift basin formation in north China, originated from back‐roll mantle convection induced by westward subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Asia continent. The Miocene extension occurred possibly in association with the process of the Japan Sea opening. The Quaternary dextral slip was mainly localized along the middle part of the Tan–Lu Fault Zone and resulted from the far‐field effect of the late‐stage India–Eurasia convergence. 相似文献